• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.410-411
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• 2008

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2020

Hybrid grouper(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀×E. lanceolatus ♂) (mean weight 25.7±3.5g, mean length 11.2±0.9cm) were exposed to different ammonia concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40mg L^-1 for 96 hours. The hematological hematocrit and hemoglobin parameters of the hybrid grouper were significantly decreased by 20 mg L^-1 ammonia exposure. In the organic plasma components, calcium was significantly decreased, whereas there was no change in magnesium. In the organic plasma components, the glucose and cholesterol values of the hybrid grouper were significantly increased by ammonia exposure. In the enzymatic plasma components, the ALP(Alkaline phosphatase) value of the hybrid grouper was also significantly increased by ammonia exposure. The results of this study demonstrate that acute ammonia exposure to hybrid grouper induced changes in hematological parameters and plasma components. Therefore, acute ammonia exposure over 20 mg L^-1 appears to be toxic to hybrid grouper and the results can be used as a major indicator in breeding hybrid grouper.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.2 s.112
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• pp.188-195
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• 2005

The dynamics of the fish community in the Lake Hoengseong region, Korea, were investigated from April 2000 to November 2004. During the surveyed period 39 species belonging 10 families were collected, and there were 17 Korean endemic species (43.59%) including Rhodeus pseudosericeus. Dominant species were Acheilognathus lanceolatus (20.10%), Zacco platypus (15.94%), Z. temmincki (6.92%), Carassius cuvieri (6.33%), A. rhombeus (6.18%), Pungtungia herzi (5.13%), and Pseudorasbora parva (4.93), In the comparison community of fish according to ecotype by each studied years, benthic fished are gradually decreasing and pelagic fishes creasing. Also, according to the fish distribution, the fish community of each studied years was divided into 3 groups by UPGMA. Being based on the fish community, similarity analysis results of each artificial lakes and this lake were divided 2 groups by water system, and divided again 3 groups in the same water system. Fish Community of the Lake Hoengseong was similar with that of the Lake Chuncheon and Cheongpyeong of the Bukhan-River.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.340-349
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• 2009

The natural type section of Gap Stream was divided into 7 sites, such as, closed pool, runs, riffle, opened pool, pool, reek-scattered riffle, and Dam-type pool. The ecological characteristics of fish community at each site was examined from April, 2007 to October, 2008. During the survey period, 29 species belonging to 8 families were collected, and Carassius auratus (St. 1), Coreoleuciscus splendidus (St. 3), Acheilognathus lanceolatus (St. 4) and Zacco platypus (St. 2, 5, 6, 7) were characteristic species that represent each habitat. The species of C. auratus preferred physical habitat with sand-bottom pool, moderate depth of 65$\sim$90 cm, and stagnant water. The species of C. splendidus mainly preferred physical habitat with cobbles and pebbles are scattered riffles (St. 3), moderate depth of 65$\sim$90 cm, and flow velocity is 0.14$\sim$0.85 m $sec^{-1}$. It also preferred where concentration of BOD, COD, TN, TP and SS is low and DO's value is high, because the flow velocity is fast. A. lanceolatus preferred where the depth of water is low (3$\sim$44 cm) like an opened pool (St. 4) and the flow velocity is slow (0.01$\sim$0.02 m $sec^{-1}$). Z. platypus dominated in a variety of habitats such as runs (St. 2), pool (St. 5), rock-scattered riffles (St. 6) and D-type pool (St. 7), and it preferred places where flow is abundant and riverbed structure is diverse. On the other hand, 4 individuals of Iksookimia choii appeared at reek-scattered riffles (St. 6). I. choii appeared in this research lived in where the width of river is 24 m, the depth of water is 3$\sim$35 cm and the flow velocity is 0.01$\sim$0.49 m $sec^{-1}$, and riverbed structure was diversely formed with boulder to sand. Also, water temperature, EC, BOD, COD, TN and TP was low, but concentrations of DO and SS were high comparatively. Therefore, it seems that I. choii can live only in physical and chemical environment with similar conditions.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.259-266
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• 2014

This study investigated the effects of water temperature and photoperiod on oxygen consumption (OC) in the giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus. OC rate in the giant grouper at 17, 22, 27 and $32^{\circ}C$ were $61.7{\pm}0.4$, $72.2{\pm}0.6$, $102.9{\pm}0.8$ and $141.7{\pm}1.0mg\;O_2/kg/h$, respectively, indicating a linear increase in OC with water temperature. Photoperiod was regulated in accordance with the light (06:00~18:00 h, L) and dark (18:00~06:00 h, D) phases of the diel cycle (12L/12D), with a water temperature of at 17, 22, 27 and $32^{\circ}C$. OC rates during the light and dark phases were $62.7{\pm}0.4$, $62.5{\pm}0.3mg\;O_2/kg/h$, respectively, at $17^{\circ}C$. No significant differences were observed between the light and dark phases (P>0.05). OC raters during the light and dark phases were $74.8{\pm}0.7$, $69.6{\pm}0.6mg\;O_2/kg/h$ at $22^{\circ}C$, $107{\pm}1.2$, $98.0{\pm}0.7mg\;O_2/kg/h$ at $27^{\circ}C$ and $147.6{\pm}1.1$, $135.8{\pm}0.8mg\;O_2/kg/h$ at $32^{\circ}C$, respectively, indicating that OC is higher during daylight than nighttime. Giant grouper is thought to be a diurnal fish species, because the level of oxygen consumption during light period was higher than that during dark period.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2022

The profer salinity range for aquaculture of hybrid grouper (Epinephleus bruneus♀ × Epinephleus lanceolatus♂) were evaluated in terms of their survival, growth, feed intake and physiological responses after 30 days of exposure to different salinities (0 psu, 3 psu, 5 psu, 10 psu, 15 psu, 20 psu, 25 psu, 30 psu). Hybrid grouper all died at 0 psu salinity on the 4th day of exposure but all hybrid survived at a salinity of 5 psu or higher during the exposure period. Body length and weight increased above 5 psu salinity and the growth rate was the highest at 30 psu. Hybrid exposed to 3 psu did not eat the feed pellet. Feed intake did not show a significant difference between salinity 20 psu, 25 psu and 30 psu. Plasma osmolality of the juvenile hybrids exposed to different salinities was 341~368 mg Osmol/kg above 5 psu. The oxygen consumption rate was the highest at 30 psu with 163.6±22.3 mg O₂/kg fish/h. SOD, CAT and GSH-PX were significantly higher at 15 psu. Therefore, the critical salinity for survive of the juvenile hybrid was 5 psu, and the proper salinity for optimal culture was analyzed with 20~30 psu.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.526-536
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• 2015

Changes of oxygen consumption in juvenile giant grouper, Epinephelus lanceolatus were investigated in order to find out the physiological responses associated with freshwater and low salinities acclimation. Salinity changes in this experiment were set as follows; 35 psu (Exp. I) as control, decrease in the manners of $35{\rightarrow}20{\rightarrow}10{\rightarrow}0$ psu (Exp. II), $35{\rightarrow}10{\rightarrow}0$ psu (Exp. III) and $35{\rightarrow}0$ psu (Exp. IV). The average oxygen consumption at $27^{\circ}C$ in Exp. I (control) was $106.9{\pm}0.7mg$ $O_2/kg/h$. In Exp. II, according to the changes of $35{\rightarrow}20{\rightarrow}10{\rightarrow}0$ psu in freshwater acclimation, fish showed the gradual decrease in oxygen consumption as $108.1{\pm}2.1$, $99.6{\pm}2.9$, $74.6{\pm}0.9$ and $62.7{\pm}1.0mg$ $O_2/kg/h$, respectively. The fish in Exp. III also revealed the same tendency as $106.5{\pm}1.3$, $77.0{\pm}1.2$ and $64.7{\pm}1.2mg$ $O_2/kg/h$, respectively. In Exp. IV, fish showed the decreased oxygen consumption from $109.0{\pm}0.9mg$ $O_2/kg/h$ of 35 psu to $71.6{\pm}2.0mg$ $O_2/kg/h$ of 0 psu. Giant grouper is thought to be a diurnal fish species, because the level of oxygen consumption during light period was higher than that during dark period.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 2019

In 2015 and 2017, the National Institute of Biological Resources has isolated four unrecorded prokaryotic species designated as R-1-5, R-2-13, R-2-1, and R-1-8 from the peatland soil of Yongneup. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity determined the four strains (R-1-5, R-2-13, R-2-1, R-1-8) were most closely related to Curvibacter lanceolatus (99.93%), Massilia brevitalea (98.7%), Pseudomonas lini (99.54%), and Pseudomonas vancouverensis (99.93%), respectively. The four unrecorded strains belong to the phylum Proteobacteria, in which the genera Curvibacter and Massilia are assigned to the class Betaproteobacteria, and the genus Pseudomonas to the class Gammaproteobacteria. Since there are no publications or official reports on these four strains, these four species are new records to Korea. The strains were further characterized by Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical properties, and phylogenetic position. Descriptive information of the four unrecorded species is provided.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.356-367
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• 2012

Community structure of fish and inhabiting status of endangered species, Cobitis choii and Gobiobotia naktongensis were investigated in the Ji Stream, a tributary of the Geum River Drainage System of Korea from May to October 2011. Ten to 23 fish species inhabited upper stream (St. 1~St. 4) with a Aa-Bb river type composed of mostly pebble and cobble bottoms, 16~28 species did middle stream (St. 5~St. 7) with a Bb type composed of mostly cobble and boulder bottoms, and 20-29 species did lower stream (St. 8~St. 10) with a Bb-Bc type composed of mostly sand bottoms. A total of 44 species belonging to nine families were found in the stream during the survay. The dominant species were in the order of Zacco platypus (37.2%), Pungtungia herzi (5.8%) and Pseudogobio esocinus (5.5%). Other abundant species included Acheilognathus lanceolatus (5.3%), Zacco koreanus (5.2%), Hemibarbus longirostris (4.9%) and Squalidus gracilis majimae (3.5%). Among residing species, 16 species were endemic to Korea, two (Cobits choii and Gobiobotia naktongensis) were endangered, and one (Micropterus salmoides) was non-indigenous. The similarity index based on species composition and abundance clearly delineated the fish community of the Ji Stream according to the three major sections, which were defined at the above. Dominance index gradually decreased toward downstream, while diversity, evenness and species richness indexes gradually increased toward downstream. The two endangered species, C. choii and G. naktongensis co-occurred at the lower stream due to the prevalence of a sandy substratum.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.557-562
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• 2020

As part of an effort to establish of novel grouper hybrids for the aquaculture industry, we compared the embryonic development of fertilized eggs of giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus ♀×kelp grouper E. bruneus ♂ (GGKG) and giant grouper ♀×red-spotted grouper E. akaara ♂ (GGRG) with a maternal purebred (giant grouper ♀×♂, GG) at 27-29℃. The hatching rates were lower in GGKG (2.59%) and GGRG (0.36%) than in GG (12.29%). The hatching times were considerably longer in the two hybrids than in GG (22 h), which were similar between GGKG (28 h 30 min) and GGRG (28 h). The total lengths of yolk-absorbed larvae of GGKG (2.546±0.132 mm) and GGRG (2.602±0.093 mm) were similar to that of GG (2.565±0.149 mm). The deformity rates of hatched larvae (64.29-75.00%) did not differ between the two hybrids and GG. Although the hatching and deformity rates of GGKG and GGRG were inferior to those of GG, the possibility of mass production of the two hybrids larvae was demonstrated in this study.