• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.159-165
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• 2009

E. japonica is a well-known medicinal plant in Japan. The leaves of E. japonica were reported to have a hypoglycemic action. However, seeds of E. japonica are discarded and not used. To elucidate for anti-diabetic effects of E. japonica, Type 2 diabetic mice were allocated to control group, E. japonica leaf, and seed extract group. Animals were fed a 2018S Teklad global 18% protein rodent diet. Animals were received daily oral injections of E. japonica leaf or seed extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight for 6 weeks. Body weight, food intake and water intake, and total adipose tissue weight of animals were significantly reduced by feeding of E. japonica leaf extract. All E. japonica extract groups significantly decreased fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, size of adipocytes and serum adiponectins. However, they did not have a beneficial effect on the serum triglyceride and cholesterol in the diabetic animals. These results suggest that E. japonica seed and leaf extracts have a antidiabetic effect by controlling of blood glucose and decrease of size of adipocytes in db/db mice and seed extract is more effective in hypoglycemic action than leaf extract.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.203-204
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• 2003

Change in Quality Properties of Doenjang Prepared with the Powder of Paecilomyces japonica and extract of P. japonica by different solvents were investigated during 90 days of fermentation at 20$^{\circ}C$. The moisture content was not significantly different, pH of Doenjang made with P. japonica was lower than control group and decreased continuously according to the fermentation time. Amino nitrogen continuously increased till 60 days and decreased slightly on 90 days. Value of L, a, b in Color decreased with proportion to fermentation period and L, a, b value of Doenjang made with P. japonica was lower and in Particular that of Doenjang made with P. japonica powder was lowest. From the result of sensory evaluation test, the color of control group was similar to “yellow”but that of Doenjang made with powder of P. japonica was close to“dark brown”and that of Doenjang made with extract of P. japonica was darker than that of control group and the preference of dark color was low. Texture was“glossy and smooth”in all and preference was high. In salty taste, Doenjang by P. japonica addition was stronger and Doenjang made with extract was stronger than that made with powder. Doenjang made with powder of P. japonica was weaker than other groups in sweet taste. In flavor and overall Preference, Doenjang made with P. japonica was scored lower slightly in than control group and Doenjang made with powder of P. japonica was the lowest in score.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.143-148
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• 2021

This study was performed to elucidate the inhibitory effects of Alveopora japonica extract on melanin synthesis by measuring the levels of cell viability, mRNA expression, tyrosinase activity, and melanin production in the B16F10 cell line. The effects of A. japonica extract on tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1), TYRP2, tyrosinase (TYR), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) mRNA expression levels and melanin content were determined. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR show that A. japonica extract decrease the mRNA expression levels of TYRP1, TYRP2, TYR, and MITF in B16F10 cell line, resulting in lower levels of melanin production compared to α-MSH-treated B16F10 cells. Tyrosinase activity assays reveal that A. japonica extract decrease melanin production in B16F10 cells. These results demonstrate the whitening effects of A. japonica extract on B16F10 cells; thus, A. japonica extract is a potent ingredient for skin whitening. Further research is needed on the mechanism of action of A. japonica extract. Such research will benefit not only cosmetics, but also the health food and medical industries.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.281-288
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• 1997

This study was performed to find out the mineral cycles of sulphur in dynamic grassland ecosystems in a steady state condition at the northwest side on Mt. Kwanak. The experimental results may be summarized on the communities of a Zoysia japonica and a Miscanthus sinensis as follows. As compared with some properties of the surface soils among two semi-natural grasslands, sulphur war greater quantity in a Miscanthus sinensis than in a Zoysia japonica on Mt. Kwanak . For the case of steady production and release, the raion of annual mineral production to the amount accumulated on the top of mineral soil in a steady state provides the estimates of release constant k. The release constants on sulphur of the litter were 0.54 in a Zoysia japonica and 0.36 in a Miscanthus sinensis grassland. The half times of S required for the release or accumulation of the litter on the grassland were 1.28 years in a Zoysia japonica and 1.93 years in a Miscauthus sinensis The amounts of annual cycles for sulphur in the grassland ecosystem under the steady-state conditions were 20.65g /$m^2$ in a Zoysia japonica and 26.28g /$m^2$ in a Miacanthus sinensis grassland. Key words: Zoysia japonica Miscanthus sinensis Mt. Kwanak, Sulphur, Mineral cycles.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2014

Cordyceps is a fungus used as a traditional medicine in China, Japan, and Korea. Paecilomyces (P.) japonica is a new cordyceps that was recently cultivated on silkworm pupae in Korea. The present study evaluated the toxicological effects of P. japonica in rats. Forty rats were treated with oral doses of P. japonica (0, 20, 100, or 500 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. Twenty additional rats were treated with 0 or 500 mg/kg/day of P. japonica for 4 weeks and then maintained for 2 weeks without treatment. Clinical signs, body weight, food and water consumption, and organ weight as well as hematology, serum biochemistry, and histopathology data were examined. Body weight gain of the group treated with 500 mg/kg/day was significantly reduced. Microscopically, karyomegaly, single cell necrosis, and mitosis were observed in the renal tubular epithelium of all treated groups. In conclusion, P. japonica caused a reduction of body weight and renal injury in rats. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of P. japonica was less than 20 mg/kg/day.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2007

Background: A red seaweed, Callophyllis japonica has been traditionally eaten in the oriental area. In a recent study, it has been demonstrated that the ethanol extract of C. japonica have antioxidant activity. However, there are few studies about the effects of C. japonica on the function of immune cells. We investigated the immunomodulatory effects of C. japonica on the function of dendritic cells, the potent antigen-presenting cells. Methods: Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) were used and the viability was measured by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and trypan blue exclusion test. Cytokine and nitric oxide (NO) levels were determined by using ELISA and Griess reagent, respectively. The expression levels of DC surface markers were measured by flow cytometric analysis. Results: C. japonica ethanol extract did not significantly affect the DCs viability and the IL-12 production from DCs, irrespective of the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, it did not significantly change the expression of DC surface markers. However, C. japonica ethanol extract significantly inhibited the LPS-induced NO production and also increased the proliferation of allogeneic lymphocytes activated by DCs. Conclusion: Our data suggests that C. japonica ethanol extract enhances the proliferation of allogeneic lymphocytes activated by DCs which is associated with inhibition of NO production from DCs induced by LPS.

• ALGAE
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.287-294
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• 2006

Neosiphonia japonica is a rhodomelacean red alga that occurs in Korea, Japan, China, far-east Russia, northwest America, and New Zealand. Although it is distinguished by a bush-like habit having four pericental cells with cortication and numerous branches on axes, the taxonomy of N. japonica is still problematic. To investigate the taxonomy and phylogeny of the species, we analyzed rbcL and phycoerythrin (cpeA/B) genes from 19 samples of N. japonica and putative relatives. Phylogenetic trees from both genes show that N. japonica from Korea, Japan, New Zealand, and USA is clearly separated from N. decumbens, N. harlandii, and N. flavimarina from the Pacific Ocean. Instead, N. harveyi from the Atlantic Ocean was more related to N. flavimarina than to N. japonica. This result supports morphological and distributional differences between N. japonica and N. harveyi. However, the close relationship between these species suggests that they might have a recent most common ancestor. This is the second report to use the cpeA/B gene for evaluating species diversity in the Rhodophytes.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.265-273
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• 1995

This investigation is carried out to clarify the cycles of nitrogen in the grassland ecosystems of Zoysia japonica and a Miscanthus sinensis on Mt. Kwanak. The hasic differential equation for the rate of change of nitrogen storage is illustrated hy huild-up and turnover of organic nitrogen, particularly in the ecosystems. The turnover velocity fractions of nitrogen for the Z. japonica and M .sinensis grasslands were k= 0. 181 and k=0. 166, respectively. The times required to reach 50, 95 and 99 percent of the steady state levels and turnover values of nitrogen on the grassland floors were 3.85, 16.67 and 27.78 years in the Z japonica grassland and 4.08, 17.65 and 29.41 years in the M sinensis grassland. The amount of annual cycles of nitrogen are 560.2 g /$m^2$ in the Z.japonica grassland and 654.1 g /$m^2$ in the M. sinensis grassland. Key words : Zsysia japonica Alisca nthus sinensis, Mt. Kivanak, Nitrogen cycle.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.289-294
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• 1997

The cycles of heavy metals, mercury, lead and cadmium, were investigated on in dynamic grassland ecosystems at a steady state in Zoysia japonica and Miscanthus sinensis in Mt. Kwanak, Korea. Estimates of decay constants of heavy metals based on experimental and methomatical model, were Hg 0.14, Pb 0.17 and Cd 0.41 of Z. japonica grassland, and Hg 0.33, Pb 0.13 and Cd 0.56 of M sinensis grassland. The durations of reaching half of initial amounts in Z. japonica and M. sinensis grassland, were Hg 4.95, Pb 4.07 and Cd 1.69 years, and Hg 2.10, Pb 5.33 and Cd 1.24 years respectively. Times needed for 99% decomposed were longer in Z. japonica than M. sinensis grassland. Decay velocity of constituents of surface soil layers were more rapidly in M. sinensis than Z. japonica grassland. Key words: Cycles of heavy metals, Mercury, Lead, Cadmium, Zoysia japonica. Miscanthus sineusis, Mt. Kwanak, Decay constants.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.115-123
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• 2020

With the aim of accumulating data that can be used to infer the basis for the acculturation of trees called 'Goe,' this study aims to identify the survival status of the pagoda and zelkova trees known as 'Goe' trees by comparing and analyzing the status of pagoda trees (Sophora japonica) and zelkova tree (Zelkova serrata) designated as a protected tree in Korea. The results of this study are as follows; Zelkova serrata designated as a protected tree grows the most, with 2,147 trees (29.4%) in Cheonnam, followed by Chungnam (16.5%) and Gyeongbuk (14.4%). However, Sophora japonica showed a different result from zelkova Serrata as the total number of 210 Sophora japonica (55.7%) in Gyeongbuk and Daegu is much larger than that of zelkova Serrata. As a result, in the Yeongnam region, where the Confucianism of Yeongnam was actively practiced, the existence of Sophora japonica is much larger than that of the Zelkova Serrata, which is not a coincidence, and it is difficult to determine it only based on their flora and planting distribution. Results of comparing protected trees of Sophora japonica and Zelkova Serrata showed that the average age of Zelkova Serrata wass 289 years, while that of Sophora japonica was 302 years, and that the average height of Zelkova Serrata wass 18 m, which is higher than the height of 16 m of Sophora japonica. The average diameter at breast height of Zelkova Serrata was 398 cm and that of Sophora japonica was 314 cm, which indicates that Zelkova Serrata is relatively big. Therefore, it can be assumed that Zelkova Serrata has a larger growth potential than Sophora japonica, and the possibility of growth as a big tree is also high, but it seems that the explanation that "they are relatively long-lived" is not clearly determined.