• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.66-67
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• 2005

기존의 데스크톱 컴퓨터가 고정된 공간에서만 사용되는데 반해 개인용 정보단말기(PDA)는 이동하면서 사용이 가능하다는 특징 때문에 소형화면과 작은 부피, 가벼운 용량의 특징을 지닌다. 그러나 이러한 제한된 화면에서는 한 번에 볼 수 있는 정보량이 적어 사용자 중심의 PDA용 GUI 아이콘 설계를 위해서는 우선 PC와 PDA간의 호환을 자유롭게 하는 인터페이스 디자인이 선행되어야 한다. 기존 소형화면에서는 한 번에 볼 수 있는 정보량이 적기 때문에 전체에 대한 개관이 불가능했고, 많은 정보를 담으면, 내용이해가 어려웠는데, 본 논문에서는 효율적인 GUI 아이콘 설계를 통해 정보의 ‘집중’과 ‘선택’ 이 가능한 PDA의 인터페이스 디자인을 알아보고자 한다. 대량 정보를 작은 화면에 종합적으로 담아내어 개관을 가능하게 하고, 정보의 내용과 가치를 아이콘의 크기와 색, 수직 혹은 수평적인 움직임 등의 시각화를 통해 차별화시킴으로써 개별 정보내용의 이해를 가능하게 한다. 앞으로 PDA와 PC의 표준화된 호환 가능한 브라우저가 모든 PDA에 기본 인터페이스로 장착된다면, 다른 매체들 간의 데이터 전송 시스템의 호환을 순조롭게 하여 경제적인 파급 효과 뿐만 아니라 차세대 이동통신의 영역까지 확장하여 산업적인 파급효과도 클 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.205-211
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• 2008

This paper describes the method aimed at establishing the equipment measuring the parameter of Cable Network by Best proper Cable Modem and PDA through RS232 interface. In this paper, we propose our creative experimental configuration and develope the Cable Modem (DOCSIS 2.0) superior more performing than the referred Cable Modem (DOCSIS 1.0, 1.1) and the measuring equipment of HFC network compositing of Cable Modem and PDA through RS232 interface. This equipment analyzes Upstream (U/S) and Downstream (D/S) Signal quality and generates the signal of Upstream by CW signal. The paper also provides the experimental results to check the Best Proper Cable Modem and the displayed screen for parameters for SNR, BER and the demodulated IQ diagram of 256QAM through LCD of PDA. Henceforth, it'll be possible to support a variety of the functions for E-mail, Internet, the speed test of WEB connection and the transmission of the measured result real time by PDA.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.55 no.9
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• pp.401-408
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• 2006

In a multi-sensor multi-target tracking systems, the local sensors have the role of tracking the target and transferring the measurements to the fusion center. The measurements from the same target can arrive out of sequence called the out-of-sequence measurements(OOSMs). Out-of-sequence measurements can arise at the fusion center due to communication delay and varying preprocessing time for different sensor platforms. In general, the track fusion occurs to enhance the tracking performance of the sensors using the measurements from the sensors at the fusion center. The target informations can wive at the fusion center with the clutter informations in cluttered environment. In this paper, the OOSM update step with MPDA(Most Probable Data Association) is introduced and tested in several cases with the various clutter density through the Monte Carlo simulation. The performance of the MPDA with OOSM update step is compared with the existing NN, PDA, and PDA-AI for the air target tracking in cluttered and out-of-sequence measurement environment. Simulation results show that MPDA with the OOSM has compatible root mean square errors with out-of-sequence PDA-AI filter and the MPDA is sufficient to be used in out-of-sequence environment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.315-318
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• 2004

모바일 통신 환경이 발전하고 보편화되면서 사용자들은 휴대폰뿐만 아니라 PDA(Personal Digital Assistant)를 통해 다양한 컨텐츠 서비스를 받고 있다. 그러나 낮은 대역폭, 높은 네트워크 지연, 자주 끊기는 네트워크 환경으로 인해 모바일 환경에서의 서비스가 원활히 되지 않는다. 이를 해결하기 위해 정보가 있는 장소로 이동함으로 중간 단계의 데이터들이 네트워크를 통과하여 자원을 소모하는 것을 막고, 네트워크의 대역폭을 보존하고 지연을 줄이고 네트워크가 자주 끊어지더라도 계속해서 정보를 찾고 사용자와 반응할 수 있도록 모바일 에이전트 기술을 적용한다. 본 논문에서는 PDA 서비스를 위한 모바일 에이전트 개발을 위한 컴퓨팅 아키텍처를 정의하고 개발을 용이하기 위한 재사용성 및 이식성을 위해 컴포넌트를 기반으로 한다. 구현 관점에서 모바일 에이전트의 기능은 컴포넌트를 기반하며, 모바일 에이전트 아키텍처를 4개의 계층으로 정의하고, PDA 서비스를 위한 사례를 제시 한다. 이를 통해 모바일 환경에서 사용자의 자료접근을 용이하게 하며 컴포넌트를 통한 개발의 효율성을 기대할 수 있다.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.39.1-39.5
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• 2022

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a rare congenital cardiovascular anomaly in cats. Due to their small body, intercostal thoracotomy is the most common option to close the PDA. However, few reports detail the surgical technique for ligating PDA in kittens. In this case report, three cats weighing 1.4 kg, 1.2 kg, and 2.9 kg were diagnosed PDA. Clip ligation via left fourth intercostal thoracotomy was performed and the cats were successfully treated. Postoperative echocardiography showed no residual flow in any of the cases. This case report highlights clip occlusion for small cats with PDA could be safe and effective.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.79-94
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• 2007

In the ubiquitous computing age which uses a high quantity network, mobile devices such as wearable and hand-held ones with a small tamers and a wireless communication module will be widely used in near future. Thus, a lot of researches about an augmented game on mobile devices have been attempted recently. The existing augmented games used a traditional 'backpack' system and a pattern marker. The 'backpack' system is expensive, cumbersome and inconvenient to use, and because of the pattern marker, it is only possible to play the game in the previously installed palace. In this paper, we propose an augmented game called Flying Cake using a face region to create the virtual object(character) without the pattern marker, which manually indicates an overlapped location of the virtual object in the real world, on a small and mobile PDA instead of the cumbersome hardware. Flying Cake is an augmented shooting game. This game supplies us with two types: 1) a single player which attacks a virtual character on images captured by a camera in an outdoor physical area, 2) dual players which attack the virtual character on images which we received through a wireless LAN. We overlap the virtual character on the face region using a face detection technique, and users play Flying Cake though attacking the virtual character. Flying Cake supplies new pleasure to flayers with a new game paradigm through an interaction between the user in the physical world captured by the PDA camera and the virtual character in a virtual world using the face detection.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.13 no.1 s.53
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• pp.88-96
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• 2009

This study proposes a wireless measurement system that is a new safety management system by using an FBG sensor and a PDA. The sensor part has many advantages of implementing a wireless measurement system, and the study emploies an FBG-LVDT sensor, FBG-STRAIN sensor, FBG-TEMP sensor, and FBG-ACC sensor, using FBG sensors. Also, the study show a configuration of a signal process system for operating a wireless transmission system of FBG sensors applied to the signal process system, and engrafted the cutting edge information technology industry in order to display from a remote distance using a PDA. In order to verify the applicability of the developed FBG sensors and wireless measurement monitoring system to the field, their accuracy, and usability, the study has conducted a static and dynamic test to a bridge in the field. The study made an assessment of service for the vibration of the bridge by applying dynamic data measured by an FBG-LVDT sensor and FBG-ACC sensor to Meister's curve and prepared methods for assessing the vibration of the bridge by proposing a standard of vibration limitation given the service of vibration of the bridge. As a follow up for this study, it would be necessary to set up an overall model for the standard of service assessment established in this study.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.702-708
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• 1999

Background: Surgical closure of the PDA in premature infants with complications or contraindications to indomethacin use, or recurrence of symptomatic PDA is a safe and effective procedure with low operative risk and minimal complications. Material and Method: From April 1996 to August 1998, 11 premature infants with body weight under 1.5 kg at operation underwent operation for a symptomatic PDA (male:5, female: 6). Associated dise ases were congenital heart disease(7), hyaline membrane disease(6), intraventricular hemor rhage(4), pneumonia(4), pneumothorax(3), hyperbilirubinemia(2), necrotizing enterocolitis(2), renal failure(1), epilepsy(1), and hydrocephalus(1). Surgical techniques are hemoclipping(8) and ligation(3). The size of PDA was 3~6 mm (5.0$\pm$1.2). Result: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure rised and heart rates decreased after PDA closure. ABGA improved postoperatively. There were no surgical complications. Six infants with improved ABGA data were weaned from mechanical ventilatory support. The follow-up durations after discharge were 3 month to 12 month. Five deaths were not related to operation. The causes of death were hyaline membrane disease(2), bronchopulmonary dysplasia with pneumonia(1), sepsis(1), and con gestive heart failure with respiratory distress syndrome(1). Conclusion: Early operative closure is the treatment of choice in most premature infants with a hemodynamically significant shunt(PDA), recurrence of symptomatic PDA, complications of Indomethacin, or contraindi cations to Indomethacin.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2008

Purpose: This study focused on two aspects: 1) how to design and implement a mobile learning course which is facilitated by a PDA with a web-based class homepage as a tool for mobile learning; 2) how to increase and enhance interactive activities among and between the students and the faculty members by utilizing a PDA as a tool for communication as well as collaboration. Method: To analyze the results of the m-Learning course, data was collected from interviews with the involved two faculty members and a survey from 27 students. Result: The results showed a positive outcome of the m-Learning approach in terms of a more collaborative learning environment in a clinical course where the students practice their clinical activities out of the classroom, far from their faculty members. On the other hand, the problems of the m-Learning approach were that more thorough preparation was needed for the new tools from both the students and the faculty members in preparation in social, cultural, and mental aspects, not withstanding the assumed technical limits of a PDA. Conclusion: m-Learning must be more actively implemented in classes, even though several problems were noticed in terms of both technical aspects of the tools, and social and cultural aspects from the users.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.243-249
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• 1982

A persistent left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium associated with atresia of the coronary sinus-ostium, ASD, and PDA is a rare congenital anomaly. The patient was a 4 year-old female whose complaints were frequent URI and exertional dyspnea. The congenital heart anomaly was suspected at 2 months of her age. Chest films showed cardiomegaly [C-T ratio, 75%]. EKG, Echocardiography, cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography were performed. Open heart surgery was done under impression of LV-RA shunt, bilateral superior vena cavae, and ASD. At the time of operation, huge LA and RA, inferior vena caval defect of a secundum type ASD [1.5 x 3cm in diameter], absence of innominate vein, atresia of the coronary sinus-ostium, and persistent LSVC draining into LA were noted. Direct suture closure of ASD and ligation of LSVC were done. The patient`s postoperative course was somewhat eventful: systolic murmur at apex remained. Four months after the operation, congestive heart failure attacked a few times. PDA that was overlooked at the time of open heart surgery was detected through postoperative cardiac catheterization in.4 months later. Emergent operation for closure of PDA was performed on the day of recatheterization. After that, patient`s heart failure was easily controlled without any notable problem.