• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2017

The recently released the $8^{th}$ edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Staging Manual introduces significant modifications from the prior $7^{th}$ edition. In this paper, the contents of the new changes in the decision of cancer of the head and neck is summarized except changes in staging of skin and thyroid cancer. In addition to the 8th edition, 1) Addition of extracapsular involvement in metastatic lymph nodes (N category) 2) Oral cancer T classification change, 3) Staging of the pharyngeal cancer was divided into 3 chapters: high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) associated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), non HR-HPV associated OPC and hypopharynx cancer (HPC), and nasopharynx cancer (NPC) 4) Changes in T and N classification in NPC, 5) In the case of cancer of unknown primary, P16-positive case is defined as HR-HPV related OPC, and EBV-positive case is defined as NPC. The process that led to these changes highlights the need to collect high-fidelity cancer registry-level data that can be used to confirm prognostic observations identified in institutional data sets. Clinicians will continue to use the latest information for patient care, including scientific content of the 8th Edition Manual. All newly diagnosed cases through December $31^{st}$ 2017 should be staged with the 7th edition. The time extension will allow all partners to develop and update protocols and guidelines and for software vendors to develop, test, and deploy their products in time for the data collection and implementation of the 8th edition in 2018. The 8th edition strikes a balance between a personalized, complex system and a more general, simpler one that maintains the user-friendliness and worldwide acceptability of the traditional TNM staging paradigm.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.212-219
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• 2017

Purpose: The aims of this study were to compare the 7th and 8th editions of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging manuals on tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) staging systems and to evaluate whether the 8th edition represents a better refinement of the 7th staging system, when applied for the classification of gastric cancers. Materials and Methods: A total of 5,507 gastric cancer patients, who underwent treatment from January 1989 to December 2013 at a single institute, were included. We compared patient survival rates across the disease groups classified according to the 7th and 8th editions of the AJCC TNM staging systems. Results: Stage migration was observed in 6.4% (n=355) of the patients. Of these, 3.5% (n=192) and 2.9% (n=158) of patients showed a higher stage and lower stage, respectively. According to the 8th edition of the AJCC TNM staging criteria, the 5-year overall survival rates of the patients with stage IIIB and IIIC showed a significant difference (40.8% vs. 20.2%, P<0.001) whereas no significant differences in the 5-year overall survival rates were observed according to the 7th edition criteria (37.6% vs. 33.2%, P=0.381). Conclusions: Restaging stage III cancers according to the 8th edition of the AJCC TNM classification criteria improved survival rate discrimination, particularly, in institutes where the stage III patients were not distinctly categorized.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2019

Background: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the appropriateness of the stage migration of stage IIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the seventh edition of the tumor, node, and metastasis classification for lung cancer to stage IIB lung cancer in the eighth edition, and to identify prognostic factors in patients with eighth-edition stage IIB disease. Methods: Patients with eighth-edition stage IIB disease were subclassified into those with seventh-edition stage IIA disease and those with seventh-edition stage IIB disease, and their recurrence-free survival and disease-specific survival rates were compared. Risk factors for recurrence after curative resection were identified in all included patients. Results: Of 122 patients with eighth-edition stage IIB NSCLC, 101 (82.8%) had seventh-edition stage IIA disease and 21 (17.2%) had seventh-edition stage IIB disease. Nonsignificant differences were observed in the 5-year recurrence-free survival rate and the 5-year disease-specific survival rate between the patients with seventh-edition stage IIA disease and those with seventh-edition stage IIB disease. Visceral pleural invasion was a significant risk factor for recurrence in patients with eighth-edition stage IIB NSCLC. Conclusion: The stage migration from seventh-edition stage IIA NSCLC to eighth-edition stage IIB NSCLC was appropriate in terms of oncological outcomes. Visceral pleural invasion was the only prognostic factor in patients with eighth-edition stage IIB NSCLC.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-1
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• pp.43-43
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• 2003

The mission of pharmacopoeia is to promote the public health by establishing and disseminating the officially recognized standards of the quality of medicines and authoritative information about the use of them and other health care technologies by health professionals, patients, and consumers. Korean Pharmacopoeia was first established on October 10, 1958 and revised per 5 years. 8th edition was published December 30, 2002 and we are preparing English edition. (omitted)

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2019

Stomach cancer is the fifth most common malignancy in the world. The incidence of stomach cancer is declining worldwide, however, gastric cancer still remains the third most common cause of cancer death. The tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) staging system has been frequently used as a method for cancer staging system and the most important reference in cancer treatment. In 2016, the classification of gastric cancer TNM staging was revised in the 8^th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) edition. There are several modifications in stomach cancer staging in this edition compared to the 7^th edition. First, the anatomical boundary between esophagus and stomach has been revised, therefore the definition of stomach cancer and esophageal cancer has refined. Second, N3 is separated into N3a and N3b in pathological classification. Patients with N3a and N3b revealed distinct prognosis in stomach cancer, and these results brought changes in pathological staging. Several large retrospective studies were conducted to compare staging between the 7^th and 8^th AJCC editions including prognostic value, stage grouping homogeneity, discriminatory ability, and monotonicity of gradients globally. The main objective of this review is to evaluate the clinical and pathological implications of AJCC 8^th staging classification in the stomach cancer.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.143-161
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• 2003

이 연구는 DDC의 발전과정을 분석한 후, 이를 바탕으로 DDC 초판부터 최신판인 제21판까지 농학분야의 변천과정에 대해 판별 전개내용과 세목들의 형성과정을 중심으로 비교 분석하고자 시도된 것이다. 1876년 DDC 초판이 발행된 이후 농학분야의 분류항목은 많은 변화와 함께 발전을 이루어 왔으며, 특히 1900년대 초기인 제8판, 제10판, 제12판 등에서 항목의 신설과 대폭적인 하위항목의 세분이 이루어져 이때 농학분야의 분류체계가 완성되어 졌다고 볼 수 있다. 그후 농학의 기술적 진보와 함께 새로운 분류항목들이 개정판마다 지속적으로 반영되어 오늘에 이르고 있다. DDC 초판이후 오늘에 이르기까지 가장 큰 변화는 유를 달리하여 항목이 이치된 것이라고 할 수 있는데, 농업경제학은 제17판부터 631.1에서 경제학의 하위요목인 338.1로 이치되어 갔으며, 수의학은 제15판부터 의학의 하위요목인 619에서 636.089로 이치되어 왔다. 특히 농업경제학은 오늘날 농학계에서 중요한 하위 분과학의 하나로 다루고 있는 점에 비춰보면, 농학에서 경제학으로 이치된 것이 지금도 논란이 되고 있다.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.281-299
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• 2013

이 연구의 목적은 KDC 제6판의 약학 분야 분류항목 전개에 대한 개선방안을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 첫째, 약학의 학문 영역과 체계를 살펴보았으며, 둘째, KDC초판부터 제6판까지 약학 분야에 사용된 용어를 분석하였으며, 셋째, KDC 약학 분야의 분류항목 전개의 변천과정을 분석하였으며, 넷째, KDC와 DDC, NLMC, 연구분야분류표에 전개된 약학 분야를 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 KDC의 약학 분야는 제4판 이후 전혀 변화되지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 그래서 본표에 전개된 요목 및 세목에 관계된 새로운 주제들을 분류항목으로 추가 전개하여 관련 문헌들의 분류가 용이하도록 하였으며, 용어를 현대화하였다. 오늘날 새롭게 대두된 제약 산업분야, 항암관련 분야, 생물약학 분야를 미사용 중인 518.7-.8에 배정하여 분류할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2023

Backgrounds/Aims: This is a retrospective analysis of whether the 8th edition American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) was a significant improvement over the 7th AJCC distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma classification. Methods: In total, 111 patients who underwent curative resection of mid-distal bile duct cancer from 2002 to 2019 were included. Cases were re-classified into 7th and 8th AJCC as well as clinicopathological univariate and multivariate, and Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log rank were calculated using R software. Results: In patient characteristics, pancreaticoduodenectomy/pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy had better survival than segmental resection. Only lymphovascular invasion was found to be significant (hazard ratio 2.01, p = 0.039) among all clinicopathological variables. The 8th edition AJCC Kaplan Meier survival curve showed an inability to properly segregate stage I and IIA, while there was a large difference in survival probability between IIA and IIB. Conclusions: The 8th distal AJCC classification did resolve the anatomical issue with the T stage, as T1 and T3 showed improvement over the 7th AJCC, and the N stage division of the N1 and N2 category was found to be justified, with poorer survival in N2 than N1. Meanwhile, in TMN staging, the 8th AJCC was able differentiate between early stage (I and IIA) and late stage (IIB and III) to better explain the patient prognosis.

• 천문학논총
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.737-739
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• 2015

To accommodate today's higher education student, fewer textbooks are printed and more are becoming digital. Keeping with the modern era, hybrid versions of textbooks have all end-of-chapter assessment content moved to digital learning systems such as MindTap$^{TM}$ by Cengage $Learning^{(R)}$. In this work, we introduce new pedagogical strategies to combat academic e-cheating, specifically cheating on assessments given in online astronomy courses. The strategies we present in this work are employed in Horizons: Exploring the Universe, Hybrid, 13th Edition, and Universe, Hybrid, 8th Edition, by Seeds, Backman, and Montgomery.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2018

Purpose: We evaluated prognostic value of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union for Cancer Control (AJCC/UICC) staging system for nasopharyngeal cancer and investigated whether tumor volume/metabolic information refined prognostication of anatomy based staging system. Materials and Methods: One hundred thirty-three patients with nasopharyngeal cancer who were staged with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) between 2004 and 2013 were reviewed. Multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate prognostic value of the 8th edition of the AJCC/UICC staging system and other factors including gross tumor volume and maximum standardized uptake value of primary tumor (GTV-T and SUV-T). Results: Median follow-up period was 63 months. In multivariate analysis for overall survival (OS), stage group (stage I-II vs. III-IVA) was the only significant prognostic factor. However, 5-year OS rates were not significantly different between stage I and II (100% vs. 96.2%), and between stage III and IVA (80.1% vs. 71.7%). Although SUV-T and GTV-T were not significant prognostic factors in multivariate analysis, those improved prognostication of stage group. The 5-year OS rates were significantly different between stage I-II, III-IV (SUV-T ≤ 16), and III-IV (SUV-T > 16) (97.2% vs. 78% vs. 53.8%), and between stage I, II-IV (GTV-T ≤ 33 mL), and II-IV (GTV-T > 33 mL) (100% vs. 87.3% vs. 66.7%). Conclusion: Current anatomy based staging system has limitations on prognostication for nasopharyngeal cancer despite the most accurate assessment of tumor extent by MRI. Tumor volume/metabolic information seem to improve prognostication of current anatomy based staging system, and further studies are needed to confirm its clinical significance.