• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.371-376
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• 1992

The growth and cultural characteristics of Bacillus sp. SH-8 and SH-8M were investigated at various pH conditions. Bacillus sp. SH-8 showed normal growth pattern above pH 9.0. However, with the pH adjusted below 7.7, 0.$D_{550}$ decreased rapidly with concomitant reduction in viable cell numbers. In contrast, Bacillus sp. SH-8M demonstrated growth capability at pH 7.7, but with slightly reduced growth rate at pH 6.9. Similar results were obtained when those two strains were cultivated on the solid medium. Both of them showed short rod shapes at pH 10.2. However, at pH 7.7 only Bacillus sp. SH-8 was observed to have elongated rod shape. Extracellular pH of both the strains, when cultured at initial pH of 10.2, reached to 9.0 after the incubation of 28 hours. At the initial pH of 9.0 and 9.6, the extracellular pH was reduced at the beginning of cultivation, but elevated after 12 hours. When cultured at initial pH of 6.9 and 7.7, extracelluar pH of Bacillus sp. SH-8M increased to 8.0 and 8.7, respectively, while that of Bacillus sp. SH8 remained constant pH 7.0. The highest sporulation rate of Bacillus sp. SH-8 and SH-8M was obtained at the initial pH of 10.2 and after the incubation of 3 days with the sporulation rate of 95% and 85%, respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.2031-2036
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• 2012

Melt copolymerization reactions of several bis(diethylamino)silane derivatives, bis(diethylamino)methylphenylsilane, bis(diethylamino)methyloctylsilane, 1,2-bis(diethylamino)tetramethyldisilane, and 1,3-bis(diethylamino) tetramethyldisiloxane, with 2,7-dihydroxyfluoren-9-one were carried out to yield poly[oxy(2,7-fluoren- 9-onenylene)oxy(diorganosilylene)]s bearing the fluoren-9-one fluorescent aromatic group in the polymer main chain: poly[oxy(2,7-fluoren-9-onenylene)oxy(methylphenylsilylene)], poly[oxy(2,7-fluoren-9-onenylene) oxy(methyloctylsilylene)], poly[oxy(2,7-fluoren-9-onenylene)oxy(tetramethyldisilylene)], and poly[oxy- (2,7-fluoren-9-onenylene)oxy(tetramethyldisiloxanylene)]. These polymeric materials are soluble in common organic solvents such as $CHCl_3$ and THF. FTIR spectra of all the materials reveal characteristic Si-O-C stretching frequencies at 1012-1018 $cm^{-1}$. In the THF solution, the prepared materials show strong maximum absorption peaks at 258-270 nm, strong maximum excitation peaks at 260-280 nm, and strong maximum fluorescence emission bands at 310-420 nm. TGA thermograms suggest that most of the polymers are essentially stable to $200^{\circ}C$ without any weight loss and up to $300^{\circ}C$ with only a weight loss of less than 5% in nitrogen.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.68 no.4
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• pp.225-235
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• 2023

Critical temperature for grain filling of three Korean japonica rice varieties was analyzed by late transplantation to induce a low temperature during grain filling period in a field study. The grain filling percentage (GFP) and grain dry weight (GDW) showed a sigmoid development for the first and second transplants in 2020 and first to third transplants in 2021. For the third transplant in 2020 and fourth transplant in 2021, the GFP and GDW reached a peak at 42 days after heading (DAH), and then decreased or remained unchanged. In non-linear regression analyses, 95% of the final GFP and GDW appeared at 49 - 62 DAH for the second transplant in 2020 and at 37 - 46 DAH and 30 - 36 DAH for the second and third transplants in 2021, respectively. At these time points, the critical seven-day moving temperature (7dMovT) was 8.4~9.4℃ for the second transplant in 2020 and 9.4~10.9℃ for the second and third transplants in 2021, depending on the grain filling traits and varieties of rice. The lowest 7dMovT was 8.4 - 8.7℃ in the three varieties. The observed lowest 7-day mean temperature (7dMT) accompanying increases in the GFP and GDW was 9.4 - 10.1℃, depending on the varieties in the third transplant of 2020 and fourth transplant of 2021. In the two transplants mentioned above, the highest 7dMT that showed no increase or decrease in grain filling traits was 8.7 - 9.1℃. The critical temperature for grain filling of japonica rice was 8.4 - 8.7℃ based on the 7dMovT and 9.1 - 9.4℃ based on the 7dMT. The previous 7dMT of 10℃ is recommended to determine the marginal harvest time for safe rice cropping since the temperature was the highest among the lowest temperature that accompanied an increase in grain filling traits.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.278-283
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• 2014

In this study, we propose an immunosensor using zinc oxide nanorods (NRs) inside PDMS channel for detecting the influenza A virus subtype H7N9. ZnO with high isoelectric point (IEP, ~9.5) makes it suitable for immobilizing proteins with low IEP. In this proposed H7N9 immunosensor structure ZnO NRs were grown on the PDMS channel inner surface to immobilize H7N9 capture antibody. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method with was used 3,3',5,5' tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) for detecting H7N9 influenza virus. The immunosensor was evaluated by amperometry at various H7N9 influenza antigen concentrations (1 pg/ml - 1 ng/ml). The redox peak voltage and current were measured by amperometry with ZnO NWs and without ZnO NWs inside PDMS channel. The measurement results of the H7N9 immunosensor showed that oxidation peak current of TMB at 0.25 V logarithmically increased from 2.3 to 3.8 uA as the H7N9 influenza antigen concentration changed from 1 pg/ml to 1 ng/ml. And then we demonstrated that ZnO NRs inside PDMS channel can improve the sensitivity of immunosensor to compare non-ZnO NRs inside PDMS channel.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1241-1247
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• 1996

From January 1989 to March 1996, we have operated on 102 cases of non-small cell lung cancer at the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine. They were clinically evaluated. The results are as follows; 1. The peak incidence of age of primary lung cancer was 5th decade(34.3%) and 6th decade(38.2%). Male to female ratio was 2.5:1. 2. Most of symptoms were respiratory, which were cough(61.8%), sputum(43.l%), chest discomfort and pain(30.4%), dyspnea(27.5%), and hemoptysis(9.8%). Asymptomatic cases were 1.9% of study group. 3. Methods of diagnostic confirmation were bronchoscopic biopsy(59.8%), sputum cytology(17.6%), percutaneous needle aspiration(11.8%) and open biopsy(10.8%). 4. Histopathologic classifications were squamous cell carcinoma(55.9%), adenocarcinoma(30.5%), adenosquamous cell carcinoma(6.9%), large cell carcinoma(4.9%), bronchioalveolar cell carcinoma(0.9%), and mixed cell carcinoma(0.9%). 5. Methods of operation were pneumonectony(47.1%), lobectomy(38.2%), bilobectomy(5.9%), wedge resection(1.9%), exploration(6.9%), and overall resectability was 93.1%. 6. Postoperative staging classifications were Stage I (13.7%), Stage II(31.4%), Stage IIIa(38.3%), Stage IIIb(14.7%), and Stage IV(1.9%). 7. The postoperative complications developed in 9.8%, and operative mortality was 1.9 %. 8. One year survival rate was 81.7%, 3 year 49.7% and 5 year 21.8%. According to stage, 5 year survival rate was 39% in stage I, 24.3% in stage II, 23.9% in stage IIIa.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.594-600
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to observe the period of mating calls of cicadas in South Korea to identify the emergence period and geographic distribution for each cicada species. The study sites were 19 protection areas nationwide. The mating calls of cicadas were collected over the 12 months of 2019. A bioacoustics measuring device was installed to record the mating calls of cicadas in WAV, 44,100Hz format for 1 minute every hour. The temperature was recorded once or twice every hour using a micro-meteorological measuring device. Nine species of Korean cicadinae were studied. The start and end periods of mating calls were recorded for each cicada species for the subsequent analysis. The analysis results showed that nine cicada species appeared in the 19 protection areas. The chronological order of mating call periods for each species was as follows: Cryptotympana atrata (7/12 - 9/30), Meimuna opalifera (7/27 - 10/20), Hyalessa fuscata (7/25 - 10/9), Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata (7/28 - 9/5), Platypleura kaempferi (7/3 - 9/29), Suisha coreana (9/14 - 10/30), Leptosemia takanonis (6/26 - 8/2), Auritibicen intermedius (7/27 - 9/28), and Meimuna mongolica (8/8 - 9/11). The mating call period was between 35 (Meimuna mongolica) and 89 (Platypleura kaempferi) days, with the average being 62 days. The elevation above sea level for the habitats of each species was as follows: 5 - 386 m for Cryptotympana atrata, 7 - 759 m for Meimuna opalifera, 7 - 967 m for Hyalessa fuscata, 42 - 700m for Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata, 7 - 700 m for Platypleura kaempferi, 5 - 759 m for Suisha coreana, 7 - 759 m for Leptosemia takanonis, 397 - 967 m for Auritibicen intermedius, and 7 - 42 m for Meimuna mongolica. The average temperature of the habitats of each species was as follows: 23.9℃ for Cryptotympana atrata, 21.8℃ for Meimuna opalifera, 22℃ for Hyalessa fuscata, 23℃ for Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata, 22.9℃ for Platypleura kaempferi, 14.6℃ for Suisha coreana, 20.6℃ for Leptosemia takanonis, 19.3℃ for Auritibicen intermedius, and 24.4℃ for Meimuna mongolica. In terms of the habitat distribution of species, Meimuna opalifera, Hyalessa fuscata, and Platypleura kaempferi were distributed in more than 15 protection sites. Cryptotympana atrata was distributed in the lowlands in the southwest. Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata was distributed in the western area of the Korean Peninsula. Suisha coreana was distributed in areas excluding high mountain areas and parts of the southeast area. Leptosemia takanonis was distributed in areas near the mountains. Auritibicen intermedius was distributed locally in the high mountain areas. Meimuna mongolica was distributed locally in flat wetlands.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.842-845
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• 1998

Four new lactones and one dibenzo crown ether were synthesized by reaction of dihydroxy compound with oxalyl chloride and with ${\alpha}$,${\omega}$-dibromo compound, respectively. 5,6,11,12-Tetracarbonyl-2,2,3,3,8,8,9,9-octaphenyl-1,4,7,10-tetraoxacyclodode- cane(1), 5,6,11,12-tetracarbonyl-2,2,3,3,8,8,9,9-octamethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraoxacyclododecane(2), 7,8,15,16-tetracarbonyl-1,6,9,14-tetraoxacylclohexadecane(3), and 5,6,11,12-tetracarbonyl- 2,3,8,9- tetraphenyl-1,4,7,10-tetraoxacyclododecane(4) were prepared by reaction of oxalyl chloride with benzopinacol, pinacol, 2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl and hydrobenzoin, respectively, in the presence of pyridine. Dibenzo-13-crown-4 (5) was obtained by reaction of catechol with 1,3-dibromopropane/1,2-dibromoethane.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 2001

To investigate the visual acuity of the primary school children. This study was researched visual acuity test using objective and subjective methods. 1. The eye types were 90.3% positive for myopia, 3.1% for emmetropia, 4.9% hyperopia, 1.7% for mired astigmatism. 2. The abnormal refraction eyes were 58.6% positive for simple myopia, 29.9% for myopic compound astigmatism, 5.1% for my optic simple astigmatism and 1.9% for simple hyperopia, 1.9% for hyperopic compound astigmatism, 1.3% for hyperopic simple astigmatism, 1.3% for mixed astigmatism. 3. The axis of astigmatism were 85.7% for astigmatism with-the-rule, 9.3% for astigmatism against-the-rule, 5.0% for astigmatism oblique. 4. On total myopic spheric power. the -0.50

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1979.05a
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• pp.7.1-7
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• 1979

This paper was attempted to analyze 31 cases of fiberoptic bronchoscopy during the period of 8 months from October 1978 till February 1979 in the Chung-Ang University Hospital. The results were as follows; 1) Among 31 cases. 20 cases were male, 11 cases female. Sex ratio was 2 : 1. 2) In age distribution, 22 cases (70.1%) were in 4th-7th decade, and the other age groups showed relatively even distribution. 3) The chief complaints were hemoptysis (11 cases, 35.5%), coughing (9 cases, 29.0%), chest pain (6 cases, 19.4%), dyspnea (3 cases, 9.7%) and others (2cases, 6.5%). 4) In Gram staining of bronchial secretion, Gram (-) diplococci were in 12 cases (38.7%), Gram (+) cocci 10 cases (32.3%), Gram (+) rods 6 cases (19.4%)and Gram (-) rods 3 cases (9.7%). In culture of bronchial secretion, no growth were in 17 cases (54.8%). Neisseria group 6 cases (19.4%), Proteus and Klebsiella group 1 case (3.2%) and mixed group 3 cases (9.7%). In histopathological study, 11 cases (35.5%) revealed chronic bronchitis, 9 cases (29.0%) bronchogenic carcinoma, 3 cases (9.7%) chronic granulomatous disease and 2 cases (6.5%) no specific findings. In 6 cases biopsy specimens were too small to be examined histopathologically. 5) In diagnosis by bronchoscopic appearance and by laboratory examination of bronchoscopically removed specimens, 9 cases(29.0%) were primary carcinoma of bronchus, 6 cases (19.4%) chronic bronchitis, 4 cases (12.9%) pneumonia in the order of freguency

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2005

In this study, we investigated the effects of number, grade, stage and day of embryos on pregnancy and abortion rates of Holstein heifer recipients after transfer of in-vitro produced Korean Native Cattle (Hanwoo) embryos. When one, two or three blastocysts were transferred to recipients, pregnancy (32.0, 44.0 and $32.0\%$) and abortion (12.5, 13.6 and $6.3\%$) rates did not differ among treatments. The pregnancy and abortion rates of different grades of blastocysts were $40.8\~44.2\%\;and\;9.4\~16.3\%$, respectively. However, they were not significantly different. According to the stage of blastocyst, the pregnancy rates were similar between $39.1\%\;and\;45.3\%$. However, the abortion rate in hatched blastocyst stage $(20.8\%)$ was significantly higher than that in late blastocyst stage $(9.0\%)$. The pregnancy rates in day $7\cdot7$ and day $7\cdot8$ blastocyst (47.1 and $53.9\%$, respectively) was significantly higher than that in the day $9\cdot9\;and\;8\cdot9$ blastocyst (29.8 and $27.7\%$, respectively). The abortion rate was the highest in the day $9\cdot9$ blastocyst $(30.8\%)$ among treatments, and it was significantly different compared to that in the day $7\cdot7$ blastocyst $(10.1\%)$. Therefore, this study suggested that the pregnancy rate was affected by only day of embryos, while the abortion rate was affected by stage and day of embryos.