• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2016.04a
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• pp.83-85
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• 2016

C-RAN (Cloud Radio Access Network) structure is the most popular approach for 5G stander, it employs CoMP (Coordinated Multiple Points Transmission/Reception) to enhance frequency utilization and increase throughput for cell-edge users. C-RAN mainly includes two parts: baseband units (BBU) and remote radio heads (RRH). In this paper we propose a new resource block allocation (spectrum allocation) scheme by the permutation and combination of BBUs, and we also use the CoMP (Coordinated Multiple Points Transmission/Reception) technique according to the different environment to improve the spectrum utilization and reduce resource waste in different environment. The simulation results expound that the scheme significantly enhances throughput and improves the spectrum utilization.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 2015

본고에서는 4G/5G/WiFi 무선 통신의 C-RAN(Centralized/Cloud Radio Access Network)을 지원하는 xhaul망에서의 이더넷 응용 기술에 대해 분석한다. xhaul에서의 요구사항을 고찰하고, 이를 충족시키기 위한 이더넷 응용으로서 RoE(Radio over Ethernet)을 중심으로 한 기술 분석과 함께, 그 외 프론트홀 전송 기술을 알아봄으로써, xhaul에서의 이더넷의 응용과 더불어 기타 차세대 무선 망 기술과 함께 유무선 융합 전송 기술에 대한 방향을 타진해 보도록 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.576-586
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• 2015

This study compared and analyzed the consumption and amount of red pepper used in Baechu Kimchi (cabbage Kimchi) especially the amounts used in Kimchi recipes with respect to the passage of time from the 1930s to the 2010s. In this analysis, 78 recipes for cabbage Kimchi were taken from books, daily newspapers and magazines from 1930 to 2014 and collected for comparison. The result of the study showed that the consumption and inclusion of dried red pepper powder in cabbage Kimchi increased. The average consumption of red pepper in the 1930s was 5.75 g, and the number went up to 8.83 g in the 1940s, to 13.8 g in the 1950s, and to 20.25 g in the 1960s. The amount dramatically increased from 1970 to 1980 (53.37 g) and kept rising until 2010 (71.26 g). The average consumption of red pepper in cabbage Kimchi in the 2010s is about 12 times that of the 1930s.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2007

In budding yeast, G2/M transition is tightly correlated with bud morphogenesis regulated by Swel and septin that plays as a scaffold to recruits protein components. BNI5 isolated as a suppressor for septin defect is implicated in septin organization and cytokinesis. The mechanism by which Bni5 regulates normal septin function is not completely understood. Here, we show that Bni5 phosphorylation is required for mitotic entry regulated by Swel pathway. Bni5 modification was evident from late mitosis to G1 phase, and CIP treatment in vitro of affinity-purified Bni5 removed the modification, indicative of phosphorylation on Bni5. The phosphorylation-deficient mutant of BNI5 (bni5-4A) was defective in both growth at semi-restrictive temperature and suppression of septin defect. Loss of Bni5 phosphorylation resulted in abnormal bud morphology and cell cycle delay at G2 phase, as evidenced by the formation of elongated cells with multinuclei. However, deletion of Swel completely eliminated the elongated-bud phenotypes of both bni5 deletion and bni5-4A mutants. These results suggest that the bud morphogenesis and mitotic entry are positively regulated by phosphorylation-dependent function of Bni5 which is under the control of Swel morphogenesis pathway.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.479-482
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• 2003

Radiosensitizing and antitumor effects of hot water extract derived from the seed of Benincasae hispida were investigated. The extract showed maximum survival rate of 21% at 0.1 g/kg against L1210 cells implanted in BDF1 mice. Radiosensitivity of human tumor cell line was evaluated through sulforhodamine assay. Inhibition rate of SK-OV-3 cells after 5 Gy radiation by Benincasae hispida seed extract at 2 mg/mL was 86%.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.537-542
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• 2007

Sophora flavescens AITON (Leguminosae) is a typical traditional Korean medical herb considered to exhibit antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects, and is also used for the treatment of skin and mucosal ulcers, sores, diarrhea, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, arrhythmia, and eczema. In this study, the compound sophoraflavanone G was isolated from the dried roots of S. flavescens by bioassay-guided fractionation. We then investigated the effects of various concentrations of sophoraflavanone G on cell viability and the induction of apoptosis in KB cells after an incubation of 24 hr. The results were determined by the following methods: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-terazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Hoechst-33258 dye staining, flow cytometry (cell cycle), and Western blotting for caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). We found sophoraflavanone G induced the apoptosis of KB cells in a dose-dependent manner that was verified by DNA fragmentation, apoptotic bodies, the sub-G1 ratio, caspase-3 activity, and cleavage of PARP. These results suggest that sophoraflavanone G has potent anti-proliferative effects on human oral epidermoid carcinoma cells, with the induction of apoptosis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.225-228
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• 2007

We observed the time gap between oocyst shedding and antibody responses in mice (3-week-old C57BL/6J females) infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. Oocyst shedding was verified by modified acid-fast staining. The individually collected mouse sera were assessed for C. parvum IgM and IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from 5 to 25 weeks after infection. The results showed that C. parvum oocysts were shed from day 5 to 51 post-infection (PI). The IgM antibody titers to C. parvum peaked at week 5 PI, whereas the IgG antibody titers achieved maximum levels at week 25 PI. The results revealed that IgM responses to C. parvum infection occurred during the early stage of infection and overlapped with the oocyst shedding period, whereas IgG responses occurred during the late stage and was not correlated with oocyst shedding. Hence, IgM antibody detection may prove helpful for the diagnosis of acute cryptosporidiosis, and IgG antibody detection may prove effective for the detection of past infection and endemicity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.356-366
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was conducted in order to evaluate $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations at 20 offices connected to the manufacturing industry from the beginning of September to the end of November 2012. Methods: A total of 20 samples were collected from 20 office buildings. Each $PM_{2.5}$ sample was collected by a 37 mm PTFE filter attached to a Personal Environment Monitor. Results: The geometric mean concentrations of $PM_{2.5}$ in the offices was $23.47{\mu}g/m^3$, and the mean $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations measured in smoking offices were much higher than those of measured in non-smoking offices($24.83{\mu}g/m^3$ and $21.55{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively). $PM_{2.5}$ was revealed to be higher in small offices($39.52{\mu}g/m^3$) than in medium or large offices($22.69{\mu}g/m^3$ and $11.04{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively). The mean $PM_{2.5}$ concentration of offices located on the 1st floor was higher than that of those on the 2nd floor, and those of offices located in the workplace were higher than those out of the workplace. The multiple regression model showed that concentration of $PM_{2.5}$ was positively associated with the method of ventilation. Conclusions: Smoking, ventilation method, location, and inflow of outdoor particulate matter are the most important factors for office $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2011

The green algae Scenedesmus acuminatus was cultured in different media: animal wastewater and an artificial culture medium in order to evaluate potential use for tertiary treatment. The experiments were conducted with air flowrate 1~2 L/min at $28{\sim}30^{\circ}C$. The nitrogen and phosphorus showed very similar removal efficiencies (68~77 % and 69~80 % for nitrogen and phosphorus respectively). The optimal fed period was estimated as three days in the semi-continuous experiment. The effects of $CO_2$ (4.5 %) injection on nutrient uptake from animal wastewater (biological treatment effluent) were compared to an air injection under the same conditions of light and photoperiod. The uptake rates of nutrient with air injection were observed 0.009 gN/gChl-a/day, 0.028 gN/gChl-a/day and T-P 0.003 gP/gChl-a/day for nitrate, total nitrogen and phosphorus respectively. The rates were enhanced by addition of $CO_2$ to 0.026 gN/gChl-a/day, 0.076 gN/gChl-a/day and T-P 0.018 gP/gChl-a/day. This study establishes that $CO_2$ addition during nutrient deprivation of microalgal cells may accelerate tertiary wastewater treatment.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.203-209
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• 2013

Genetic manipulation of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) breeding is still difficult due to lack of reliable regeneration system. The aim of this research is to establish shoot regeneration system from leaf explants for pear (P. pyrifolia cv. Niitaka) using various concentrations of plant growth regulators and carbon source supplemented to medium. The highest regeneration rate of about 20% was found on a medium containing 4.4 g/L of Murashige and Skoog (MS) without vitamins, Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) vitamins were added separately. Leaf explants of pear were cultured on MS medium containing 7 g/L of Daishin agar supplemented with various concentrations of NAA (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 mg/L) in combination with BA(3, 5, 10 mg/L) for shoot regeneration. In medium with 5 mg/L of BA and 0.01 mg/L of NAA, adventitious shoot regeneration rate was higher than others treated. The optimal results were observed using MS medium supplemented with 30 g/L sorbitol as carbon source on regeneration system. Sorbitol is considered better carbon source than sucrose for shoot regeneration of pear (P. pyrifolia cv. Niitaka). In order to increase of shoot regeneration in pear (P. pyrifolia cv. Niitaka), plant agar and Daishin agar used as gelling agents, Daishin agar is more efficient in shoot regeneration.