• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2023

Extended reality (XR) provides an immersive virtual experience by using various media. The XR virtual environment enables interactions between the real and virtual worlds in virtual, augmented, and mixed reality scenarios. XR is being used in various areas such as industry, medical care, road transportation, gaming, education, and culture. XR and multimedia enhancement are important business scenarios for fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks. As users' demand for emerging media services gradually increases, enhancements in networks should be implemented for delivering multimedia services such as XR. We describe related standardization trends and requirements of the XR service in 5G mobile networks. We also discuss technological enhancements for 5G mobile networks as specified by the 3GPP SA2 working group.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.743-749
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• 2020

Internet of Things (IoT) is a growing technology along with artificial intelligence (AI) technology. Recently, increasing cases of developing knowledge services using information collected from sensor data have been reported. Communication is required to connect the IoT and AI, and 5G mobile networks have been widely spread recently. IoT, AI services, and 5G mobile networks can be configured and used as sensor-mobile edge-server. The sensor does not send data directly to the server. Instead, the sensor sends data to the mobile edge for quick processing. Subsequently, mobile edge enables the immediate processing of data based on AI technology or by sending data to the server for processing. 5G mobile network technology is used for this data transmission. Therefore, this study examines the challenges, opportunities, and solutions used in each type of technology. To this end, this study addresses clustering, Hyperledger Fabric, data, security, machine vision, convolutional neural network, IoT technology, and resource management of 5G mobile networks.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2021

Industrial networks has been developing various technologies from fieldbus technology to industrial Ethernet and time-sensitive networking. The industry expects that the 5G mobile network will solve the diverse and highly specific industrial site requirements. Accordingly, 3GPP has been developing standard functions to provide ultra-high reliability, ultra-high speed, ultra-connection, and ultra-low latency services, and 3GPP Rel-16 began developing ultra-low latency and ultra-high reliability communication functions for 5G mobile networks to support vertical industries. In this paper, we show the related standardization trends and requirements to apply industrial IoT service scenarios to 5G mobile networks, and in particular, we introduce 5G system features and extended 5G system architecture to provide time sensitive communication and time synchronization services.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.38-52
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• 2024

The 5G is the 5th generation mobile network that provides enhanced mobile broadband, ultra-reliable & low latency communications, and massive machine-type communications. New services can be provided through multi-access edge computing, network function virtualization, and network slicing, which are key technologies in 5G mobile communication. However, these new technologies provide new attack paths and threats. In this paper, we analyzed the overall threats of 5G mobile communication through a literature review. First, defines 5G mobile communication, analyzes its features and technology architecture, and summarizes possible security issues. Addition, it presents security threats from the perspective of user devices, radio access network, multi-access edge computing, and core networks that constitute 5G mobile communication. After that, security requirements for threat factors were derived through literature analysis. The purpose of this study is to conduct a fundamental analysis to examine and assess the overall threat factors associated with 5G mobile communication. Through this, it will be possible to protect the information and assets of individuals and organizations that use 5G mobile communication technology, respond to various threat situations, and increase the overall level of 5G security.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2017

The introduction of new access technologies in 5G radio networks has had a considerable impact on the design of transport networks. Research activities are underway on new transport technologies in both the wireless and optical domains to support 5G transport. This paper provides an overview of the concept and requirements of a fronthaul. We also discuss the research activities of a new fronthaul interface for future 5G networks, a 5G integrated fronthaul/backhaul transport network (5G-Crosshaul), a next-generation fronthaul interface (NGFI), a mobile xhaul network (MXN), and a next-generation mobile fronthaul architecture with multi-IF carrier transmission scheme.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.84-89
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• 2023

Recently, the sixth generation (6G) networks have become tremendous research topics. Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) technologies have been envisioned, to increase spectrum and energy efficiency for the fifth generation (5G) mobile networks, towards the sixth generation (6G) communications. In this paper, especially for the strongest channel gain user, we investigate the bit-error rate (BER) of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems with intelligent reflecting surface (IRS). First, we derive a BER expression in a closed-form of Q functions. Second, we investigate the BER performance improvement of IRS NOMA systems over NOMA systems versus the power allocation. Moreover, we analyze the BER performance improvement of IRS NOMA systems over NOMA systems versus the number of IRS devices. In results, NOMA equipped with IRS technologies could play an important role in the paradigm shift from 5G mobile networks to 6G mobile networks.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.896-914
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• 2020

With the rapid growth of network traffic, a large number of connected devices, and higher application services, the traditional network is facing several challenges. In addition to improving the current network architecture and hardware specifications, effective resource management means the development trend of 5G. Although many existing potential technologies have been proposed to solve the some of 5G challenges, such as multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), software-defined networking (SDN), network functions virtualization (NFV), edge computing, millimeter-wave, etc., research studies in 5G continue to enrich its function and move toward B5G mobile networks. In this paper, focusing on the resource allocation issues of 5G core networks and radio access networks, we address the latest technological developments and discuss the current challenges for resource management in 5G.

• 정보와 통신
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2016

Network and network functions virtualization (NFV) promise a number of attractive benefits and thus have driven mobile network operators to transform their previously static networks to more dynamic and software-defined networks. In this article, we share a mobile network operator's view based on implementation and deployment experiences in the wild during the past few years towards a software-defined 5G core network. More specifically, we present a practical point of view from mobile network operators and elaborate on why some of the virtualization benefits such as total cost of ownership (TCO) reduction are not easily realized as initially intended. Then, we describe 5G visions, services, and their requirements commonly agreed across mobile operators globally. Given the requirements, we then introduce desirable characteristics of 5G mobile core network and its key enabling technologies.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.101-112
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 5G 네트워크 슬라이싱에 대해서 분석하고 5G 이동 통신망에서의 효율적인 네트워크 슬라이스 설정 방안을 제안한다. 5G 이동 통신망에서 네트워크 슬라이싱은 네트워크 슬라이스 인스턴스 정보에 기반하여 구분되고 수행된다. 단말과 네트워크 간의 네트워크 슬라이스 인스턴스 정보가 상호 일치하지 않는 경우, 단말의 PDU 세션 연결 요청 실패에 따른 불필요한 시그널링 오버헤드가 발생한다. 본 논문은 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서, 두 가지 효율적인 네트워크 슬라이스 설정 기법, 단말 기반 ENSC(Efficient Network Slice Configuration) 기법과 네트워크 기반 ENSC 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 두 가지 기법들은 신속한 단말과 네트워크 간의 최신 변경 업데이트된 네트워크 슬라이스 정보를 제공 설정 수행하게 되어, 기존 방안과 비교하여 배터리 리소스 효율성을 향상시키고 불필요한 시그널링 오버헤드를 최소화할 수 있다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2021

While the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) mobile communication networks are being rolled over the globe, several world-wide companies have already started to prepare the sixth generation (6G). Such 6G mobile networks targets ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). In this paper, we challenge to reduce the inherent latency of existing non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in 5G networks of massive connectivity. First, we propose the novel unipodal binary pulse amplitude modulation (2PAM) NOMA, especially without SIC, which greatly reduce the latency in existing NOMA. Then, the achievable data rates for the unipodal 2PAM NOMA are derived. It is shown that for unequal gain channels, the sum rate of the unipodal 2PAM NOMA is comparable to that of the standard 2PAM NOMA, whereas for equal gain channels, the sum rate of the unipodal 2PAM NOMA is superior to that of the standard 2PAM NOMA. In result, the unipodal 2PAM could be a promising modulation scheme for NOMA systems toward 6G.