• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2019

목적 : 본 연구는 노인 커뮤니티케어제도 및 제도 내에서 작업치료사 업무중요도와 수행에 대한 인식도를 알아보기 위해 실시되었다. 연구방법 : 전국의 152명의 작업치료사들을 대상으로 2019년 5월 31일부터 2019년 6월 24일까지 온라인 설문지를 통하여 조사하였다. 기술통계를 사용하여 일반적 특성, 제도 인식도, 역할과 수행 인식도를 분석하였고, 근무연수, 근무지역, 업무 분야에 따른 차이를 비교하기 위해서 ANOVA를 실시하였다. 결과 : 국내 작업치료사들의 노인 커뮤니티케어제도에 대한 인식은 2.93±1.049점으로 상대적으로 낮았으나, 커뮤니티케어제도의 중요도는 3.94±0.799점, 제도 내 작업치료사 역할의 중요도는 4.34±0.763점으로 높게 나타났다. 작업치료사의 업무의 중요도는 낙상 예방(4.63±0.7)이 가장 높게 나타났고, 수행도는 수단적 일상생활 활동 훈련 (3.94±0.8), 신체 기능 증진훈련(3.94±0.8)이 높게 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구는 노인 커뮤니티케어제도 내 작업치료사 업무중요도와 수행 인식도에 대한 기초자료로서 제시될 수 있을 것이다. 또한 향후 노인 커뮤니티케어제도 내 작업치료사의 역할 정착을 위한 기초자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.876-880
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• 2011

Gammakdaejo-Tang (GMT) is a traditional oriental medicinal formula, a mixture of 3 crude drugs, and it has been clinically used for treating mild depressive disorders. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of Gammakdaejo-Tang (GMT) on repeated stress-induced alterations of learning and memory on a passive avoidance test (PAT) test and also the anxiety-related behavior on the elevated pulse maze (EPM) in ovariectomized female rats. We assessed the changes in the reactivity of the cholinergic system by measuring the immunoreactive neurons of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the hippocampus after behavioral testing. The rats were exposed to the immobilization (IMO) stress for 14 days (2hours/day), and Gammakdaejo-Tang (400 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered 30 min before IMO stress. Treatments with GMT caused significant reversals of the stress-induced deficits in learning and memory on a working memory test, and it also produced an anxiolytic-like effect on the EPM, and increased the ChAT reactivities (p<0.001, respectively). These results suggest that Gammakdaejo-Tang might prove to be an effective antidepressant agent.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제103권4호
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• pp.574-582
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• 2014

산림분야에서는 노동재해 예방을 위하여 임업 노동자의 자격과 선발기준, 기능인영림단의 구성요건, 안전대책 등에 관한 사항을 여러 법규와 지침 등에 규정하고 있다. 우리나라의 임업 교육훈련은 산림청의 교육원과 산림조합중앙회 소속의 3개 훈련원에서 담당하고 있다. 3개 훈련원에서는 공통과정과 특화과정으로 나누어 교육훈련을 실행하고 있으며, 안전교육은 각 교육과정별 커리큘럼 안에 포함하여 시행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 임업분야 재해율 저감을 위하여 다음과 같은 제도적 개선방안을 제안하였다. (1) 적성검사 실시, 연령 제한 등 임업노동자의 자격 선발 기준 강화. (2) 기능인영림단 구성을 위한 필수인력의 교육 일수 및 자격 소지자 구성비율 상향 조정. (3) 산림경영기술자(기능2급)의 자격취득에 관한 규정 보완. (4) 보수교육(안전교육)을 통한 자격갱신 제도 도입. (5) 산림작업현장에서의 근로조건 개선 및 안전교육의 체계화. (6) 개인보호구 관련 규정 보완. (7) 개인보호구 착용 여부 수시 지도점검. (8) 안전의식 강화를 위한 현장 대응 보완.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.133-160
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• 1973

1. Introduction Community medicine with the concept of comprehensive medical care and an ideal medical care delivery system not only for an individual or family but for the whole community has emerged. In April 1970, the Presbyterian Medical Center started a hospital based community health service project in order to improve the health of the people in rural areas. Prior to commencing a comprehensive medical care system, a family survey was needed. The major objective of this survey was to obtain information concerning the people and their environment so as to be able to plan and implement a comprehensive medical care program in Soyang-Myun. 2. Survey Method An interview using a family record form was carried out for each household. This family record form was designed to get information about demography, family planning, environmental sanitation and vital statistics. Prior to beginning, the members of the survey team were trained in interviewing techniques for three days. The team consisted of a public health nurse, four nurse-aides, a sanitarian and four health extension workers who are working in our project, The survey was carried out during the period November 1971 to March 1972. 3. Project area 1) Population of Soyang-Myun was 11,668; male, 5,962 and female, 5,706. Sex ratio: 104.5. 2) Households : 1,858 3) Family size: The average household consisted of 6.3 persons. 4) Educational level of householder a. Illiterate 13% b. No schooling but able to read 10% c. Preschool children 19% d. Primary school 47% e. Middle school 7% f. High school 3% g. College or University 1% 5) Occupational distribution of householders a. Farmer 67% b. Laborer 13% c. Office worker 4% d. Merchant 4% e. Industrial worker 2% f. Unemployed 8% g. Miscellaneous 2% 6) Religious affiliation a. No religion 74% b. Buddhist 12% c. Protestant 10% d. Catholic 4% 4. Survey results Living Environment : a. Home ownership 95% b. Kinds of roofing Straw-thatched house 84% Tile-roofed house 10% Slate-roofed house 5% Other 1% c. Floor space Less than 6 pyong 10% 6-10 pyong 53% 11-15 pyong 24% 16-20 pyong 9% More than 20 pyong 4% d. Radio ownership 80% Environmental Sanitation : a. the source of drinking water public well 49% private well 30% drainage water 9% steam water 8% well pump 3% water distribution system 1% b. Distance between well and toilet more than 16meters 38% 6-10 meter 31% 11-15 meters 14% Less than 6 meters 17% c. The status of well management Bad 72% Fair 26% Good 2% d. General sanitary state of house Bad 37% Fair 51% Good 12% e. House drainage system had no house drainage. 77% Family Planning : a. 24% of the people have used contraceptives, but 12% ceased to use them. 76% have never used contraceptives. b. used methods 1oop 68% oral pill 16% vasectomy 4% condom 1% tubal ligation 1% two or more methods 10% Maternal Health : a. The number of conceptions of housewives under 50 years of age. 11 times 26% 6 times 11% 5 times 11% 4 times 9% b. The place of delivery own house 88% hospital 1% others 11% Treatment of general sickness : a. The place of treatment Soyang Health Center 31% Hospital (private or otherwise) 26% Pharmacy 14% Herb medicine 5% Private care 5% No treatment 12% Miscellaneous 7% b. Usual causes of diseases Unknown 46% Tuberculosis 29% Neuralgia 8% CVA 3% Bronchitis 3% Others 11%

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.301-310
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• 2013

To suggest a standard concerning with the arrangement of bridge equipment, the authors conducted the video observations with 3CCD (charge coupled device) cameras installed on the ceil of the bridge for monitoring the working activities of two bridge teams (the skipper/mate1 and the skipper/mate2) in a Korean coastal large trawler(gross tonnage: 139) for five days from July 30th. 2010 and analyzed of the data. Work elements coded by the work activities were input on the sheet of work analysis by the time unit of 1 sec according to the time occurred. A single work element among the work activities for every 5 minutes was denoted as the number of occurrence. The frequency of equipment usage was limited only in the usage of the equipment. In the case of the navigation and the towing net two ranks were integrated and analyzed. On the other hand, in the case of the casting net and the hauling net, two processes were integrated to as one and then analyzed separately as two ranks. As the results, 15 elements of work was carried out between two bridge teams for the observation; lookout, radar, GPS plotter, fish finder, net monitor, fishing deck, RPM indicator, rudder angle indicator, compass card, for maneuver; steering, ship speed control, trawl winch operation and external communications, paper works and others. It was found that the work load of the skipper per 5 minutes accordance with the navigation, the casting net, the towing net and the hauling net are 20.5 times, 11.9 times, 38.0 times and 9.5 times respectively, the mates are 65.2 times, 66.5 times, 85.7 times and 59.1 times respectively. The radar was shown the highest frequency of the equipment usage and the next was the fish finder, the GPS plotter and the external communications in the case of the navigation. In the case of the towing net the frequency of usage was high the ranking as the radar, the net monitor, the fish finder, the GPS plotter, the steering system and the external communications. In the case of the integrated process both of the casting and hauling net the trawl winch was shown the highest frequency to the skipper and the next was the GPS plotter and the radar, and the steering system was shown the highest frequency to the mate and the next was the radar, the ship speed control system, the GPS plotter, the net monitor and the fish finder.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.50-59
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• 2008

Objective: The aim for this article was to evaluate and to clarify the current opinions of the registered pharmacists concerning their recognition and adoption rates about introducing the preceptorship into the clinical pharmacy internship and clerkship. Methods: A 25-question-questionnaire was developed and pilot tested. For 40 days of survey by both on-line and on site, 90 over 240 (37.5%) registered pharmacists responded and the data were analyzed with comparison to the groups working in community and hospital pharmacies. Results: The overall answers were affirmative and the respondents were very interested in the application of the clinical preceptorship to the pharmacy educational and to their clinical settings. Moreover, the qualification level and the implementation methods were proposed in detail. Conclusion: Although ninety pharmacists showed their views differently, most of the respondents regarded the preceptorship as an adequate training system for the pharmacy students as well as junior pharmacists at the time of initiation of the new 6-year pharmacy education system in Korea.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.458-463
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• 2005

Considering the characteristics of a filtration bio-reactor equipped with a mesh filter module which can effectively maintain high concentration of biomass and enhanced solid-liquid separation performance, the hybrid process of filtration bio-reactor combined with coagulation was investigated to get improved filtration characteristics as well as water quality in this work. Two bio-reactors (Run-1 & Run-2) were operated under the following conditions: working volume of 25 L, continuous loading of a synthetic wastewater (BOD: 200 mg/L, T-N: 50 mg/L, T-P: 5 mg/L), where an appropriate amount of alum ($Al_2(SO_4)_3{\cdot}18H_2O$) was added once a day into the reactor (Run-2). In the system without using a alum (Run-1), the clogging of mesh filter module was observed two times through 85 days of whole operation. Meanwhile, the filter module did not clog even at higher MLSS concentration (6,000~12,000 mg/L) and the stable filtration (0.7 mid) was continued in the case of using a alum. Due to the stable formation of cake layers, BOD and SS were shown below 6 and 3 mg/L, respectively. T-P and pH of the effluent were changed because of the intermittent addition of the alum. In the case of Al/P=2.5, the average T-P removal efficiency per day was 85.2% and the average T-P concentration of the effluent was 0.3 mg/L. However, the removal efficiency of phosphate was influenced by pH in the reactor.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2008

Seed production of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus was performed in a pilot RAS. The growth of juvenile olive flounder and changes in water quality were monitored for the entire production period. The pilot RAS consisted of 8 circular culture tanks($4.0mD{\times}1.0mH$), 2 trickling biofilters($1.7mD{\times}2.0mH$), 2 protein skimmers ($0.8mD{\times}2.5mH$), and 4 sedimentation chambers($0.7mD{\times}1.5mH$). The culture surface area was about $100.5m^2$ and the actual working volume was about $106.9m^3$. As many as 300,000 fertilized olive flounder eggs were initially distributed into 2 culture tanks with the water temperature at $19.0^{\circ}C$. Live feeds such as rotifers and Artemia nauplii were fed until the 32nd day after hatching, and a commercial diet was fed from the 19th day to the end of the experiment. After 70 days, 150,256 juveniles with a body length of $65.8{\pm}3.9mm$ were produced in the RAS, with a daily growth rate for body length of 4.7%/day. At this time, the final culture density was 1,495 individuals $m^{-2}$, and 13.6 L of makeup water, 0.071 kW of electricity and 0.025 L of diesel fuel were used to produce a juvenile olive flounder. During metamorphosis of the larvae, the TAN concentration increased to 0.99 mg/L, which made the larvae sensitive to result in some mortality. However no more massive mortality occurred at the juvenile stage after metamorphosis even at a TAN concentration of 4.25 mg/L and a ${NO_2}^{-}-N$ concentration of 2.45 mg/L.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.247-251
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• 2006

다양화 개성화로 확산되고 있는 21세기 고도화된 산업사회에 진입하면서 소득수준의 향상과 토요일 휴무제에 따른 여가활용 시간의 증대에 수반하여 수상레저활동의 인구가 증가한 동시에 그 내용은 매우 활동적이다. 종래 여가활동이라고 하면 정적인 옥내활동이 주류였으나, 현시점의 여가활동은 사회발전과 더불어 옥외활동, 나아가서는 스스로 활동하고 경험하는 쪽으로 전개되고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 수상 레저는 안전한 수상활동으로 성취될 수 있는데, 수상레저활동의 급성장으로 인하여 수상안전사고가 심각한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 따라서 수상 레저기구 활동자의 체계적인 안전관리를 위하여 종합적인 육성과 관리대책 마련하고자한 결론은 안전사고를 예방하기위해서는 소양교육을 실시하여야 하며 안전검사 및 등록을 의무화하여 제도권에서 활동하도록 하여야하며 수상레저활동 안전사고에 대한 피해보전을 위해서 보험에 가입할 수 있도록 강력한 제도적 보완장치가 필요하다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.1013-1021
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• 2017

Exposure to Diesel Particulate Matter (DPM) potentially causes adverse health effects (e.g. respiratory symptoms, lung cancer). Due to a lack of data on Elemental Carbon (EC) exposure levels in underground copper ore mining (unlike other underground mining industries such as non-metallic and coal mining), this case study aims to provide individual miners' EC exposure levels, and information on their work practices including use of personal protective equipment. EC measurement was carried out during different work activities (i.e. drilling, driving a loader, plant fitting, plant operation, driving a Specialized Mining Vehicle (SMV)) as per NIOSH Method 5040. The copper miners were working 10 h/day and 5 days/week. This study found that the most significant exposures to EC were reported from driving a loader (range $0.02-0.42mg/m^3$). Even though there were control systems (i.e. water tanks and DPM filters) on the diesel vehicles, around 49.5% of the results were over the adjusted recommendable exposure limit ($0.078mg/m^3$). This was probably due to: (1) driver's frequently getting in and out of the diesel vehicles and opening the windows of the diesel vehicles, and (2) inappropriate maintenance of the diesel vehicles and the DPM control systems. The use of the P2 type respirator provided was less than 19.2%. However, there was no significant difference between the day shift results and the night shift results. In order to prevent or minimize exposure to EC in the copper ore mine, it is recommended that the miners are educated in the need to wear the appropriate respirator provided during their work shifts, and to maintain the diesel engine and emission control systems on a regular basis. Consideration should be given to a specific examination of the diesel vehicles' air-conditioning filters and the air ventilation system to control excessive airborne contaminants in the underground copper mine.