• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.4045-4050
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• 2012

Objective: The impact of ablative oral cancer surgery was studied, with particular reference to recurrence and nodal metastasis, to assess survival probability and prognostic indicators and to elucidate if ethnicity influences the survival of patients. Methods: Patients who underwent major ablative surgery of the head and neck region with neck dissection were identified and clinical records were assessed. Inclusion criteria were stage I-IV oral and oropharyngeal malignancies necessitating resection with or without radiotherapy from 2004 to 2009. All individuals had a pre-operative assessment prior to the surgery. The post operative assessment period ranged from 1 year to 5 years. Survival distributions were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: 87 patients (males:38%; females:62%) were included in this study, with an age range of 21-85 years. Some 78% underwent neck dissections while 63% had surgery and radiotherapy. Nodal recurrence was detected in 5.7% while 20.5% had primary site recurrence within the study period. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the median survival time was 57 months. One year overall survival (OS) rate was 72.7% and three year overall survival rate dropped to 61.5%. On OS analysis, the log-rank test showed a significant difference of survival between Malay and Chinese patients (Bonferroni correction p=0.033). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) analysis revealed that 25% of the patients have reached the event of recurrence at 46 months. One year RFS rate was 85.2% and the three year survival rate was 76.1%. In the RFS analysis, the log-rank test showed a significant difference in the event of recurrence and nodal metastasis (p<0.001). Conclusion: Conservative neck is effective, in conjunction with postoperative radiotherapy, for control of neck metastases. Ethnicity appears to influence the survival of the patients, but a prospective trial is required to validate this.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2016

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in the management and 5-year survival rates of patients with oral cancer in our department over a 30-year period. Materials and Methods: We investigated the patient distributions, treatment methods, method of neck dissection according to cancer stage, and 5-year survival rates for 700 oral cancer patients over the periods of 1982-1996 (256 patients), 1999-2006 (248 patients), and 2007-2011 (196 patients). Results: Stage IV patients were the largest group in all of the time periods evaluated. Although surgery and radiotherapy were the most common methods in all periods (over 50%), the prevalence of patients who underwent concomitant chemoradiotherapy increased from 7.0% to 16.2%. The use of radical neck dissection decreased from 43.0% to 5.3%, while conservative surgical methods increased from 24.1% to 76.3%. Lastly, the overall 5-year survival rate increased from 31.6% to 63.5% during the study period. Conclusion: Although the 5-year survival rate reached the same level as that of other developed countries during the course of our study, most patients continue to come to the hospital with stage IV disease. In order to increase the 5-year survival rate of oral carcinoma, it may be necessary to improve public education and social efforts relevant to early diagnosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.15
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• pp.6087-6094
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to invesitigate the impact of significant clinico-pathological prognostic factors on survival rates and to identify factors predictive of poor outcome in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review of 74 women with pathologically proven ovarian carcinoma who were treated between January 2006 and April 2011 was performed. Patients were investigated with respect to survival to find the possible effects of age, gravida, parity, menstruel condition, pre-operative Ca-125, treatment period, cytologic washings, presence of ascites, tumor histology, stage and grade, maximal tumor diameter, adjuvan chemotherapy and cytoreductive success. Also 55 ovarian carcinoma patients were investigated with respect to prognostic factors for early 2-year survival. Results: The two-year survival rate was 69% and the 5-year survival rate was 25.5% for the whole study population. Significant factors for 2-year survival were preoperative CA-125 level, malignant cytology and FIGO clinical stage. Significant factors for 5-year survival were age, preoperative CA-125 level, residual tumor, lymph node metastases, histologic type of tumor, malignant cytology and FIGO clinical stage. Logistic regression revealed that independent prognostic factors of 5-year survival were patient age, lymph node metastasis and malignant cytology. Conclusions: We consider quality registries with prospectively collected data to be one important tool in monitoring treatment effects in population-based cancer research.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2017

Background/Objective: The survival and recurrence pattern of the patients with primary cancer of the external auditory canal was evaluated. Materials & Methods: Seventeen patients with primary cancer of the external auditory canal from 2002 to 2013 was analyzed retrospectively. Overall survival, recurrence free survival, local recurrence free survival and distant metastasis free survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meyer's method. Results: Five year overall survival rate, 5 year recurrence free survival rate, 5 year local recurrence free survival rate and 5 year distant metastasis free survival rate were 49.3% 54.9%, 64.7% and 69.6% respectively. The recurrence pattern is different to the pathologic type, squamous cell carcinoma or adenoid cystic carcinoma. The patients with squamous cell carcinoma showed local recurrence and the patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma showed distant metastasis mainly. Conclusion: Primary cancer of external auditory canal showed different clinical course depend on the pathologic diagnosis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.506-512
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• 1985

We have experienced 120 non-small cell primary carcinomas of the lung between June, 1974 and December, 1984, at Seoul National University Hospital. They were 107 males and 13 females. 95% of all were ranged from 40 years to 69 years of age with 56 years of mean age. They were composed of 70 [66.7%] squamous cell ca., 20 [19%] adenoca., 6 [5.7%] undifferentiated large cell ca., 4 [3.8%] undifferentiated small cell ca., and 5 [4.8%] mixed adenosquamous cell ca. 41 [36%] and 35 [30.7%] patients have received pneumonectomies and lobectomies with a 66.7% resectability rate. Of the 36 stage I and 21 stage II patients, 56 were resectable but only 20 [31.7%] of the 63 stage III patients were resectable. This informed us the significance of the stage of the disease at the time of operation. The actuarial survival rate in 70 patients was as follow: 1, 3, 5 year survival rate of the patients in stage I were 80%, 80%, and 60% respectively. Both 1, 3 year survival rate of patients in stage II were 84%. But 1, 2, 3 year survival rate of patients in stage III were 40%, 11%, and 5% respectively. By dividing the patients in stage III into resectable group and nonresectable one, both 1, 2 year survival rate of the former were 37% and those of the latter were 42% and 7%. According to the cell type of the cancer, 1, 3, 5 year survival rate of the squamous cell ca. were 63%, 40%, and 26% respectively. 1, 3 year survival rate of the adenoca. were 43% and 34%. Hospital death were only 2 cases with a 1.7% operative mortality rate. We had acceptable long-term survival rate and have convinced the necessity and hope of the early detection and resection of the lung carcinoma.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.97-105
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• 2013

Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb. ex Murray) Koidz. is natively distributed in Korea. The importance of this species has been increased not only for high quality timber but for medicinal and edible uses. However, increasing market demand of K. septemlobus with illegal cutting and overexploitation has resulted in its rapid depletion and destruction of natural habitat. This study was conducted to understand the survival rate and growth characteristics of planted K. septemlobus seedlings with treatment of root pruning, stem cutting and planting density. The survival rate and growth of height and root-collar diameter for one- and two-year old seedlings with different planting densities were investigated in the clear-cut area of a Pinus densiflora stand for five years. One-year-old seedlings were treated with or without root pruning and planted with three density levels (5,000 trees $ha^{-1}$, 10,000 trees $ha^{-1}$, and 40,000 trees $ha^{-1}$). Two-year-old seedlings were treated with and without stem cutting and planted with the density of 5,000 trees $ha^{-1}$. The survival rate of one-year-old seedlings with root pruning treatment in the density of 10,000 trees $ha^{-1}$ was 92%, while that without root pruning in the density of 40,000 trees $ha^{-1}$ was 67% after five years. The height of one-year-old seedlings has been significantly affected only by planting density in the $5^{th}$ year. The survival rate of the two-year-old seedlings with stem cutting was 75.5% and greater than control (67.3%) in the $5^{th}$ year but no difference in height was shown between the two treatments from three years after plantation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.686-695
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• 1993

A total of eighty one patients with resected stage II and IIIA non-small cell lung cancer treated with postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy between Jan. 1971 and Dec. 1990 were retrospectively analysed to evaluate whether postoperative radiation therapy improves survival. Patterns of failure and prognostic factors were also analysed. The 5 year overall and disease free survival rate were 40.5%, 43.4% and median survival 30 months. The 5 year actuarial survival rates by stage II and IIIA were 53.9% and 36.2%. Loco-regional failure rate was 14.7% and distant metastasis rate was 33.3% and both 4%. Statistically significant prognostic factor affecting survival was presence of mediastinal lymph node metastasis[N2]. This retrospective study suggests that postoperative radiation therapy in resected stage II and IIIA non-small cell lung cancer can reduce loco-regional recurrence and may improve survival rate as compared with other studies which were treated by surgery alone.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.411-416
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• 2009

Purpose: Malignant melanoma is recognized as the most serious skin cancer. We examined anatomical distribution and 5 - year survival rate of each stage of malignant melanoma on lower leg. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 91 patients(46 males and 45 females) with malignant melanoma on lower leg from 1985 to 2008. Age, sex, anatomical distribution and 5 - year survival rates of each stage of malignant melanoma on lower leg were investigated. Also, 5 - year survival rates of each stage and invasion depth of malignant melanoma on heel pad were investigated. Results: On lower leg, most frequently 32 cases(35.1%) occurred on heel pad, 27 cases(29.7%) occurred on dorsum of foot, 18 cases(19.8%) in toe and 14 cases(15.4%) on others in lower leg. We used the excision margin as 3 ~ 5 cm. After wide excision, in stage III, IV, the patients underwent the immunologic / chemo - therapy. The incidences of each stage were 22 cases(24.2%) in stage I, 47(51.6%) in II, 17(18.7%) in III and 5(5.5%) in IV. The 5 - year survival rates of each stage were 85%, 53.2%, 47.1% and 40%. On heel pad, the incidences of each stage were 5 cases(15.6%) in stage I, 19 cases(59.4%) in II, 7 cases(21.9%) in III and 1 case(3.1%) in IV. The 5 - year survival rates of each stage were 80%, 63.2%, 42.9% and 100%. On heel pad, incidence of local recurrence was 2 and 5 - year survival rate of this case was 100%. And systemic recurrence was 9 and 5 - year survival rate of this case was 55.6%. Conclusion: The 5 - year survival rate of malignant melanoma on heel pad was higher than previous study. To maintain the weight - bearing function of foot, we recommend the active reconstructive surgery for heel pad reconstruction after wide excision of heel pad malignant melanoma.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2001

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the outcomes of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs) of the stomach who were treated in our hospital. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively studied 31 patients who were treated for primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach from 1990 to 1999 at Korea University Guro Hospital. Clinical characteristics, including age, sex and tumor size were analyzed. In addition, the relation between the 5-year survival rate and tumor size, operative procedure, and malignancy were analyzed to identify the factors that predict survival. Results: The malignant GISTs were 11 cases, borderline GISTs were 2 cases, and benign GISTs were 18 cases. The overall 5-year cumulative survival rate of the patients was $84.6\%$, and the 5-year survival rates according to malignancy were $100\%$ for benign and borderline GISTs and $78.1\%$ for malignant GISTs, p=0.1119. The 5-year survival rates according to tumor size were $100\%$ for tumor sizes smaller than 5 cm and $78.4\%$ for tumor sizes larger than 5 cm, p=0.0453. The 5-year survival rate according to lymph node dissection during operative procedure of malignant GISTs was not significant statistically. Conclusions: GISTs of the stomach are infrequently encountered tumors. Tumor size was the most important factor for predicting survival in a clinical situation, and performing a complete resection of the tumor, especially tumors larger than 5 cm, will improve the outcome of treatment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 1987

During the period of 10 years from July, 1976 to July, 1986, 154 cases of primary carcinoma of the lung - by the cell type, stage, operability, and survival rate in the resectable cases - are analyzed at the Dept. of Thoracic Surgery, Paik Hospital in Seoul. The results are as follows: 1] Histopathological types are squamous cell carcinoma 49% [76 cases], adenocarcinoma 25% [39 cases], undifferentiated large cell carcinoma 9% [14 cases], undifferentiated small cell carcinoma 6% [9 cases], bronchioloalveolar carcinoma 4% [6 cases] and adenosquamous carcinoma 3% [4 cases]. 2] Peak incidence is observed in the 4th decade of life [33%], then 5th [29%] and 3rd [21%] respectively. Male to female ratio is 4 to 1. 3] Evidence of inoperability is observed in 64% [99 cases] by clinical staging workup. Thirty six percent [55 cases] were operated. Of these, post-surgical stage I was 5% [3 cases], stage II, 64% [35 cases] and stage III, 31% [17 cases]. Among total 17 cases of stage III, 14 cases were unresectable with evidence of T2N2M0, while 3 cases were resectable. Resectability is 27%, [41 cases] from the total number of 154 cases. And the resectability for the ex 55 cases is 75% [41 cases]. 4] By cell type, highest resectabitity is the squamous cell carcinoma, 49% [20 cases]. Adenocarcinoma is 32% [13 cases] and bronchioloalveolar, 12% [5 cases]. 5] Survival rate is evaluated for 38 cases of 41 resectable stage I, II and III. Overall 5 year survival rate is 24%, 3 year 32% and 10 year 8%. Survival rate in stage II for 5 year is 25%. In squamous cell type for, 5 year is 42%. Authors believe when surgeons continuous effort of early detection is met with patients early visit, 5 year survival rate for the stage I K II resectable patients will improve more effectively. As well, When the efforts are added to combined modality with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for the stage III selected cases of non-small cell carcinoma patients, the enhancement in survival rate is expected.