• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.117-124
• /
• 1998

Corporations are pursuing maximum returns from their R&D investment. They are also interested in sound measures to quantify returns. In fact, they use various measures and criteria for measuring returns from the R&D investment. But the fundamental problem is that there is no generic and widely acceptable measures and criteria. To make things more complicated, measures are very powerful and influential to the people in the corporations. Herbert Simon already indicated that people do many things but people usually do their best for the only tasks which are measured. Many researchers, like Chester(1995), are interested in R&D productivity measures and risks because what the company measures really influence R&D people and output. This article present design concepts of the R&D project selection and evaluation system in POSCO(Pohang Iron & Steel Company). This is an output extract from the 6-month joint activities with POSRI(POSCO Research Institute) researchers and POSCO R&D personnel. Process changes, new organizations and new selection and evaluation criteria are developed to improve R&D performance and to enhance technology management of the POSCO. This article covers new selection and evaluation criteria only. We would like to share our experience about how we redesign the selection and evaluation of R&D projects. We also bring insights how we seamlessly integrate 4 different project selection and evaluation steps as a whole. We hope that this case will give you a clue to improve your R&D management.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.413-419
• /
• 2017

This experimental research explores the effect of low attention of movie audience on the experience of presence, the degree of emotional touch, and memory about movie contents, because of indiscreet use of smart phone. This study measured and analyzed the experience frequency of presence, degree of emotional touch and recognition memory about movie contents by self report survey, after showing 2 subject groups consisting of 83 University students, one with not manipulated attention, the other with manipulated attention, using smart phone intentionally. This research found that the subjects exposed to the movie with not manipulated attention showed more presence experiences, and higher degree of emotional touch than the subjects exposed to the movie with manipulated attention. However meaningful difference of recognition memory was not discovered between the 2 groups. The result of this research can have a meaning because proceeding studies about presence effect of movie mainly dealt with the effect of HDTV, 3D image, stereo sound on the experience of presence, arousal, pleasure of movie audience and it is difficult to find studies about the relation between attention of movie audience and the experience of presence, emotional touch, and memory.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.706-716
• /
• 2016

Each year, significant amounts of Stereoscopic 3D(S3D) contents have been introduced. However, viewers who enjoy the contents readily experience a sense of fatigue on account of various factors. Consequently, many improvement studies have been conducted with the domain of disparity by, for example, simply controlling the disparity or optimizing the reaction speed of viewers' eyes to vergence. However, such studies are limited to the disparity domain and therefore are restricted to a limited number of applications. In this study, we attempted to transcend this limitation and analyzed how a reconstruction in color and brightness, as well as disparity and other important features, affects eyes in terms of vergence adaptation. As a result, we found that, the higher the color similarity is, the better it positively affects vergence adaptation during viewing. Based on this analysis, we propose in this paper a similar color extraction method between takes that are applicable to real-life situations. In an evaluation, the algorithm was applied to publicly available S3D contents and produced a converted color optimized image. The vergence adaptation time of this applied contents was significantly decreased. Also it was minimized through color reconstruction, thereby, being resulted in enhancing viewer concentration.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.1390-1401
• /
• 2020

This study is a descriptive research to identify the relationship among violence experience, resilience and job stress of nurses working in emergency department. The subjects of this study were 143 nurses with over one year working in emergency departments of 6 hospitals located in D city and C city and collected data through structured questionnaire. It was from November 6th to November 15th. The degree of violent experience of the subjects was 1.26 ± 1.31 out of 4. The average score of resillience was 2.50 ± 0.55 out of 4. The average score of job stress was 3.62 ± 0.49 out of 5. The result of correlation between violence experience, resilience and job stress, among the sub factors, in the correlation among violence experience and job stress sub factors, verbal violence experience was significantly positively correlated with nursing work(r=.194, p=.010), role conflict stress(r=.158, p=.030), and physical threat experience was positively correlated with nursing work(r=.200, p=.008), role conflict(r=.162, p=.027), and conflict with doctor(r=.145, p=.042). In the correlation between resilience and job stress sub factors, nursing work stress is hardness(r=-.189, p=.012), persistence(r=-.165, p=.025), and optimism (r=-.186, p=.013) and there was a negative correlation with the region. Expertise stress is hardness(r=-.230, p=.003), persistence(r=-.195, p=.010), optimistic(r=-.194, p=.010) and there was a negative correlation. Nurse-treated stress was positively correlated with spirituality(r=.154, p=.033). In the subcategory correlations of resilience and violent experience, the hardness had a negative correlation with the physical threat(r=-.150, p=.037) experience. The persistence was negatively correlated with the experience of physical threats(r=-.138, p=.050). The optimism was negatively correlated with the experience of physical violence(r=-.151, p=.036). As a result, it is necessary to create a safe working environment free from violence and to reinforce training on how to deal with violence in order to reduce the job stress of emergency department nurses. In addition, measures to cope with stress according to age and work experience and programs to increase resilience should be developed and mediated to reduce the job stress of emergency department nurses.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.33-46
• /
• 2015

The fact that the limits of information recency, diversity, and usability are mainly caused by the supply oriented geospatial data and service development is commonly recognized. It is recently tried to overcome the limits by facilitating user experience and VGI(Volunteered Geographic Information) in several geospatial web services. This study suggests conceptual architecture and service scenario for geospatial collaborative platform prototype through review and examination of previous researches. The prototype, composed of 4 unit modules: 3D POI Creation Module, 3D POI Application Module, 3D POI/Event Management Module, 3D POI/Event Monitoring Module, provides the capability of collaboratively dealing with geospatial work. The suggested service scenario is demonstrated by developing prototype for the service modules.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2022.06a
• /
• pp.484-491
• /
• 2022

A paradigm shift in teaching modular construction in higher education and K-12 is proposed as a means to increase the future adoption of the modular construction technique. To this effect, a new education module is presented to STEM educators. This education module is based on LEGOs and directed towards educators in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. The main objectives of the education module are to increase interest and knowledge of modular construction, acknowledge the benefits of using 3D design with 4D scheduling, and create a simulating hands-on educational opportunity. The education module is designed to allow participants to experience a hands-on simulation of modular construction and stick-built construction through building a LEGO project. Participants are challenged to find the advantages and disadvantages in both construction systems first-hand and record their findings. Results are presented from the preliminary testing of this education model on a group of construction management students at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Overall, the survey results showed that the LEGO education module was successful at achieving the project's three main objectives: 1) increasing the participants' interest and knowledge of modular construction through an interactive project; 2) increasing the participants' understanding of the benefits of 3D design with 4D scheduling over the use of 2D drawings; and 3) creating a simulating hands-on educational opportunity to help participants compare modular construction to stick-built construction. In the end, this proposed a new LEGO education module addressing the problems identified from this study with more participants.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.876-885
• /
• 2018

Although e-sports broadcasting market based on VR(Virtual Reality) is growing in these days, technology development for securing market competitiveness is quite inadequate in Korea. Global companies such as SLIVER and Facebook already developed and are trying to commercialize 360 VR broadcasting technology which is able to broadcast e-sports in 4K 30FPS VR video. However, 2D video is too poor to use for 360 VR video in that it brings less immersive experience and dizziness and has low resolution in the scene. this paper, we not only proposed and implemented virtual camera technology which is able to capture in-game space as 360 video with 4K 3D by 60FPS for e-sports VR broadcasting but also verified feasibleness of obtaining stereo 360 video up to 4K/60FPS by conducting experiment after setting up virtual camera in sample games from game engine and commercial games.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.89-89
• /
• 2002

Purpose： To report initial experience and evaluate feasibility of cervical carotid artery contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CEMRA) using whole body coil at 3.0T Method： Twenty-eight patients (14 male, ages 41-80, mean age 63) underwent CEMRA at the 3.0T using whole body coil and 3D-FSPGR (TR/TE 6.6/l.3 msec, FA 30, thickness 1.3mm), and thirty patients (17 male, ages 30-80, mean age 57) underwent CEMRA at the 1.5T using Helmholtz neck coil and 3D FLASH sequence (TR/TE 3.8/l.4msec, FA 35, thickness 1mm). At both 1.5 and 3.0T, a power injector (Spectris) injected 20m1 of gadolinium to the right or left antecubital vein at a rate of 3mL/s. All CEMRA cases were accepted by one neuroradiologiest. We measured the signal intensities at the bifurcation of common carotid artery (CCA), vertebral artery (V2) and two surrounding tissues (ST) and noise at the background in all patients, and also compared contras-to-noise ratios (CNR) of CCA/ST and V2/ST at 3.0 and 1.5T

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2019.05a
• /
• pp.208-210
• /
• 2019

Creating a virtual reality ecosystem is more important than anything else for virtual reality, which has recently been drawing attention as a sector of the fourth industrial revolution. Virtual reality ecosystem consists of content (C), device (D), platform (P), and network (N). While content is key among these, virtual reality depends on input and output devices, so device utilization is very important. Recently, hands-on devices are being developed for realistic experiences. This study presents examples of contents development using VirZOOM, an experienced device, to reduce immersion and motion sickness of VR contents. We look forward to further promoting the development of virtual reality content in the future through this study.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 1980

The process of having baby including pregnancy, labor and birth; is considered as crises of life cycle. It is noted that most pregnat women experience fear and anxiety through the gestational period and this may effect to the health of the baby and the mother. Therefore, we, nurses must focuse on this fear and anxiety of pregnant women and make an effort to relieve their emotional discomfort. This study was conducted to determine the pregnant women's intensity of fear and anxiety during pregnancy thus to provide some information for maternal care in terms of antenatal care. The specific objectives of this study are : 1. to determine what are the most frequently experienced fear and anxiety and how frequently the pregnant women perceive them as a fearful and anxious experience. 2. to find out the relations between the intensity of fear and anxiety of pregnancy and the demographic characteristics of the subjected women During the period May 15,1980 to June 4,1980,212 pregnant were asked to question are by trained student mures who visited to 4 obstetric clinic for antenatal care in C-city. The questionare were designed and and scheduled by author which covers 38 items about fears and anxiety during pregnancy and each item was answered by 5 seales according to it's intensity. The result analysed as percentile , mean and S.D. statistically and obtained as rollows 1) The mean age was 27,4 years, the proportion of women completed high school are 45.3%, and 51.4% has no religion 2）68.6% seplied“positive”response about fears and anxiety during pregnancy. 3) Fear relevant to pain, particularly during labor noted most frequent rate. 4) Social factors may relate to the intensity of the fears or anxiety further more socioeconomic problem take important role and affects to the expectant women, 5) Primigravida noted more fears and anxiety about pregnancy compared to multigravida and more in-tensity during aerly half gestational period than late. Majority of pregnant women have experienced fear and anxiety attendant upon pregnancy and so nurse can help the patient to be able experience 1ha difficult adjustment to be course of pregnancy and be able to get good result both fetus and mother through antenatal care.