• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.224-228
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• 1992

Arylhydrazones of diethylacetondicarboxylate 3 was treated with formaldehyde to give 1 aryl-4, 5, 6-trihydropyridaine derivatives 4a-f Cyclization of compound 4a-f by hydroxylamine afforded [3, 4d] 1, 3, 4, 5-tetrahydropyridazine derivatives 5a-f. Also cyclization of compound 4c with semicarbazide gave 1-amidopyrazolo-5-one-1-aryl-3-carboxypyridazine 6. On the other hand compounds 3 reacted with ethylorthoformate to give diethyl-1, 4-dihydro-1-arylpyridazine-4one-2.5 dicarboxylate 7, which on treatment with hydrazine. Semicarbazide and thiosemicarbazide gave pyridazine, amido and thioamido derivatives. The spectral and antimicrobial data of these compounds 1-8 were studied.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.101-106
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• 2000

We propose a method of the efficient injection of the MPEG-4 data into MPEG-2 A/V stream. The proposed method is to transmit MPEG-4 data synchronized with MPEG-2 A/V stream using MPEG-2 Transport Stream Protocol so that the user can decode MPEG-4 data on time at the client side, after extracting IOD (Initia1 Object Descriptor), OD (Object Descriptor), BIFS (Binary Format for Scone) and media data from mp4 file.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.381-388
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• 2011

Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) play key roles in lipid metabolism. Here, we investigated the effect of CLA on the transcriptional activity of TR4, an orphan nuclear receptor that plays an important role in lipid homeostasis. CLA increased TR4 gene mRNA level in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, but inhibited TR4 transcriptional activity in a dose-dependent manner. TR4 induced perilipin expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by activating perilipin promoter activity. In a gel shift assay, TR4 bound direct to the putative TR4 response element in the perilipin promoter. Interestingly, CLA reduced the interaction between TR4 and consensus DR1, a well-known TR4 binding site. Additionally, CLA inhibited TR4-induced perilipin promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner. Together, our results suggest that CLA may play a role in lipid homeostasis in adipocytes by functionally regulating TR4.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.351-355
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• 2004

Saccharin derivatives were synthesized by means of 4 reaction steps involved the reaction of 1-methylurea (or 1-methylthiourea) and oxalyl chloride. 1-Alkyl(or phenyl)-3-(1,1,3-trioxo-1,3-dihydro-1$^{6}$ -benzo[d]isothiazol-2-ylmethyl)-imidazolidine-2,4,5-trione 5 and 1-alkyl(or phenyl)-2-thioxo- 3-(1,1,3-trioxo-1,3-dihydro-1$^{6}$ -benzo-[d]isothiazol-2-ylmethyl)-imidazolidine-4,5-dione 12 were obtained by means of 4 reaction steps involved the reaction of 1-methyl-urea(or 1-methylthiourea) and oxalyl chloride.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.403-418
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• 2023

Purpose: The acceleration of technological innovation, specifically Industry 4.0, has triggered the emergence of a quality management paradigm known as Quality 4.0. This study aims to provide a systematic overview of dispersed studies on Quality 4.0 across various disciplines and to stimulate further academic discussions and industrial transformations. Methods: Text mining and machine learning approaches are applied to learn and identify key research topics, and the suggested key references are manually reviewed to develop a state-of-the-art overview of Quality 4.0. Results: 1) A total of 27 key research topics were identified based on the analysis of 1234 research papers related to Quality 4.0. 2) A relationship among the 27 key research topics was identified. 3) A multilevel framework consisting of technological enablers, business methods and strategies, goals, application industries of Quality 4.0 was developed. 4) The trends of key research topics was analyzed. Conclusion: The identification of 27 key research topics and the development of the Quality 4.0 framework contribute to a better understanding of Quality 4.0. This research lays the groundwork for future academic and industrial advancements in the field and encourages further discussions and transformations within the industry.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.282-287
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• 2014

The ORI2 (3-[3,4-dihydroxyphenyl]acrylic acid 1-[3,4-dihydroxyphenyl]-2-methoxycarbonylethyl ester) was purified from the extract of Isodon excisus. We confirmed the antiviral effect of ORI2 in a coxsackievirus-induced pancreatitis model. Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) is a common cause of pancreatitis and may be reason of the type-1 diabetes. Anti-enteroviral compounds were screened by HeLa cell survival assay. Purified natural compounds were added to HeLa cells cultured 96-well plates after $10^4PFU/ml$ CVB4 pre-incubation for 30 min. ORI2 significantly improved HeLa cell survival in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, ORI2 (1 mM) treatment was dramatically decreased virus protease 2A induced eIF4G-I cleavage and viral VP1 capsid protein production. HeLa cell virus titers and viral RNA replication were significantly decreased in ORI2-treatment in a dose dependent manner (1 mM~0.001 mM). These results demonstrate that ORI2 has a strong antiviral effect. It was significantly decreased virus replication. ORI2 may be developed as a potential therapeutic agent for CVB4.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2015

CD4+ T-cell count determines the effectiveness for antiretroviral therapy (ART) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although ART slows the progression of HIV to AIDS, rapid counting of CD4+ T lymphocytes with a drop of patient's blood sample is urgently needed to ensure timely ART treatment in rural areas. Recently point-of-care CD4 testing devices have been developed by using non-flow based imaging cytometer incorporated with a sample cartridge where CD4+ T cells are reacted with fluorescently tagged specific antibodies. Here we conducted an experimental study using a conventional fluorescence microscope-based imaging system to quantitate the interaction of CD4 antibodies with CD4+ T cells at different reaction conditions. We demonstrated that a fast and affordable point-of-care CD4 test is feasible with a far less amount of antibodies and a shorter incubation time compared with a conventional sample preparation protocol for flow cytometry. We also proposed a general method to evaluate and compare the detection limit across different CD4 counting platforms by using fluorescently labelled microbeads for intensity calibration.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.76-85
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• 1997

The understeer characteristics of four wheel steering system(4WS system) in a high speed region have a negative effect upon the yaw velocity, leading to a decrease in the handling ability of vehicle. As a result, even if the side slip angle of vehicle can be kept up a minimum, a driver must compensate a decrease in yaw velocity by increasing the steering wheel angle in order to track the desired vehicle path. In this study, to keep the side slip angle of vehicle at zero and achieve a suitable yaw velocity in vehicle motion, a full active 4WS system(FA 4WS system) with actively steerable front and rear wheels is presented based on a nonlinear vehicle model and a model following control of yaw velocity. And the analysis results show the fat that, besides the excellent stability of vehicle, the FA 4WS system is able to realize better handling performance of vehicle than the previous 4WS systems in the high speed region.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.358-366
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• 2003

Some N-p-substituted phenyl uracil-5-sulphonamide derivatives have been synthesized to be evaluated as molluscicides against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni. Schistosoma mansoni infected mice were treated with hemolymph obtained from pre-treated Biomphalaria alexandrina snails with the products 4a, 10a, 10b and 4b or obtained from non-treated snails. The selection of the concentration based on the predetermined dose which caused mortality of less than 50% of snails/24 h. $LC_{50}$ of compounds 4a, 10a, 10b and 4b was 50, 100, 200 and 50 ppm respectively. The result showed that immuno-stimulatory effect of treated hemolymph with compounds 4a, 10a and 4b was related to significant protective effects (44.4, 34.6 and 50.4% reduction in worm burden respectively). In addition, mean total worm burdens were significantly reduced in non treated hemolymph by 33.8%. The effect of hemolymph obtained from treated or non treated snails on S. mansoni adult worms antigens was studied by indirect immunofluorescence technique using chronic mouse sera (CMS). The results indicated that there was a strong reaction with epitopes in gut epithelium, tubercles, teigument and subtegumental musculature of untreated and treated S. mansoni adult worms antigens. Therefore, treatment of hemolymph obtained from pre-treated snails with compounds 4a, 10a, and 4b can stimulate specific immune response and induce protective effects against S. mansoni infection.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.708-715
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• 2004

The lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27, LDH) in liver of Lempetra japonica was purified in buffer of affinity chromatography. The liver-specific $C_4$ isozyme of Gadus macrocephalus was purified by heat treatment, affinity chromatography, and DEAE-Sephacel chromatography. The liver-specific $C_4$ isozyme was eluted in a buffer containing NAD+ and was coeluted with $B_4$isozyme in plain buffer of affinity chromagraphy. Liver-specific $C_4$ isozyme in G. macrocephalus was the most thermostable, and$B_4$isozyme was more stable than $A_4$. The LDH in the fraction of pH 7.45 purified from the liver of L. iaponica by chromatofocusing was more inhibited by pyruvate than purified LDH. The optimum pH of the LDH isozyme in the liver of L. japonica was 7.5 and that of liver-specific$C_4$ isozyme was 8.5. The LDH in liver of L. japonica made complexes more with antibody against Coreoperca herzi$A_4$ and liver-specific $C_4$ than with that against eye-specific $C_4$. Therefore, the structure of the LDH in liver of L. japonica might be similarly evolved to that of subunit A and liver-specific $C_4$ isozyme in liver tissue of G. macrocephalus. The evolution rate of subunit C is faster than that of subunit A. LDH in liver of L. japonica has not one isozyme but isozymes and it was also found out to have not only subunit A and B but also subunit C.