• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권7호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is getting information for making a plan of immigrant workers in Korea. As a first step to suggest plans for immigrant workers who have multi-cultural background, this study investigated to the domestic living of Koreans(ChoSun-Tribe) of Gillim province in China. For this, usage of domestic space questionnaire were used. Results of the research were as follows. 1. The most popular LDK type was the one which kitchen was separated from living room and dining room. Most of them thought that kitchen and living room have to be separated. 2. There was no plan for laundry room specially and most houses have a washing machine in the bathroom. Most houses didn't install a bathtub in the bathroom and they didn't think that it was indispensable. 3. It was estimated that they used a living room as a multi-purpose room for the family but used a master bedroom for its own purpose. 4. They used a table and chair for meals normally but they took meals sitting on the floor with a large family or guest. 5.All of them took off the shoes inside of the house for hygienic reason. There was no plan for the space to take on-off shoes in most houses and they just put the mat on the floor for it. 6. Modified Ondol system which use water pipe under the floor was popular in apartment while most detached houses had traditional Ondol system. The satisfaction about Ondol system was very high compared to other ones and also Ondol system was the most desirable one for ChoSun-Tribe.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.129-152
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• 2008

Early Buddhist rock cave temples of India, in spite of being an origin of Buddhist temples, has little been studied in Korea. After field studies and an interpretation of their forms in conjunction with religious life, precedent theories are supplemented and refuted as follows. Starting from the 2nd century B,C., Buddhist ascetic disciples digged residential rock caves, called vihara, for protection from monsoon rain and hot weather, A typical arrangement was settled -a courtyard type, with 3 side rows of tiny one-person bedroom and a front veranda with columns. Also digged were Chaitya caves, in line with viharas, to worship, which is the tumulus of Buddha's relics. I suggest that the original type of chaitya a simple circle cave with a stupa, suitable for circumambulating ceremonies. I refute the existing theory presenting Barabar caves of Ajivika as a chaitya origin, featuring empty circular room without a stupa. I also interpret a typical apsidal plan as being a simple result of adding a place of worshipping rites in front of the stupa. Enclosing columns around a cylindrical stupa is a result of reinforcing both the divine space and circumambulating ceremonies, with elongation toward hall. Finally the chaitya came to have a grandeur apsidal plan with high vault ceiling nave and a side aisle as in Western cathedrals with large frontal horseshoe arch windows. The Buddha image, which had become a new worshipping object, was integrated into the stupa and interior surface. First the stupa and then the statue was introduced to residential Viharas. Therefore, I suggest that the vihara should be renamed as 'chaitya' as a worshipping place, by establishing statue rooms without bedrooms at all. The functionally changed vihara is similar in form to a 'rectangular type of chaitya', little known and developed in different routes. A columned inner courtyard gradually becama an offering place, like Hindu mandapa, Buddhist caves ware changed to a kind of Tantric and Hindu temple by means of statue worshipping offering rituals.

• 감성과학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.789-796
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 다양한 색채환경에 대한 반응을 파악하기 위해 3차원 가상환경 인터페이스를 개발하고, 개발된 인터페이스에 대해 사용자가 어떻게 감성적으로 인터렉션하는지를 평가하였다. 3차원 가상환경은 후면 투사형 대형화면을 통해 제시되었으며, 가구를 포함한 실내 환경요소에 12가지 색채조합을 적용한 후, 피실험자들에게 색채조합에 대한 반응과 아울러 가상환경 인터페이스를 통한 감성적 인터렉션을 함께 평가하도록 하였다. 총 34명의 대학생들이 실험에 참여하였으며, 피실험자들은 대형화면 ($8'{\times}6'$)에 제시되는 고화질의 색채 환경 속에서 표준 입력장치를 사용하여 360도로 시선을 움직일 수 있었다. '공간적 실재감(Spatial Presence)', '주제와 연관성(Topic Involvement)', 및 '유쾌함(Enjoyment)'에 관한 자기보고형 설문지를 통해 가상환경파의 인터랙션을 통한 감성 및 인지적 반응을 파악하였다. 현 연구는 향후 디자인 연구, 특히 환경디자인 연구에 3차원 가상환경 인터페이스를 적용하고자 하는 연구자들이 사용자 인터랙션을 사전에 이해하는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2016

Purpose: The MERS(Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) outbreaks in Korea highlighted dramatically the failings of traditional hospital environment for controlling or preventing infections among both patients and healthcare workers. MERS is transmitted by droplets that can be airborne over a limited area. The point should be emphasized that MERS in South Korea was predominantly a hospital-acquired (not a community-acquired) infection, because approximately 93% of MERS cases were resulted from exposure in hospital settings. This paper tries to suggest the design guidelines of negative pressured isolation ward for the sake of proper control of severe respiratory infectious diseases. Methods: Literature survey on the design guideline and regulations of airborne infection wards in Korea, Europe U.K. and CDC of U.S. have been carries out. 4 special infection wards in Hongkong, Germany, Japan and Korea have been surveyed in order to make the best use of the experiences related to facility design and operations. Results: Operating system influencing the facility design, space organizations of infectious ward including required space and zoning, and circulations of patients, staffs and materials are proposed. Implications: The results of this paper can be the basic data for the design of the airborne infection ward and relevant regulations. Afterwards in-depth study such as the development of space standards for the single bedroom, locker room and so on could be explored.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권8호
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• pp.95-112
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• 2004

Most of the Korean Diaspora who lived in Yunhaeju moved to Central Asia in 1937 following the deportation policy of Russia. The Korean Diaspora has maintained the traditional way of living for 140 years without a deep relationship with Korea. This study examined the dwellings of the Korean Diaspora of Kazakhstan in Central Asia through visiting their houses and conducting interviews. The results of the research were as follows. 1) The houses of the Korean Diaspora in Kazakhstan in early times consisted of Jungjigan which has Gudle and one bedroom. Gudle is the most traditional element of the Korean Diaspora's house and it is generally used as a place to gather family members. 2) The Korean Diaspora's houses in Kazakhstan were basically built according to Russian style but with a slightly different way of living inside. 3) The changing process of planning and building code of apartments in Kazakhstan is similar to that in Russia and other CIS nations. 4) Korean's food style is one mixed with Korean, Russian and Central Asian foods and Kimchi and Jang(bean paste) are the essential elements for most Koreans. 5) Koreans are very active to develop a relationship with Kazaks, Uighurs, and Russians and this enables the exchange of their culture eventually. This study is the first step to supply basic information for study of the Korean Diaspora in Central Asia and deeper research is necessary with a wide range in Russia.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권8호
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• pp.55-72
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of Goryoin housing in Uzbekistan and Korea. Using ethnographic methodologies, it was examined that 20 Goryoin households in Korea in relation to their usage of housing space firstly and also tried 20 Goryoin households in Uzbekistan with the same method. The following conclusion were established; 1). The majority of households in both areas preferred separated kitchen and living room areas. 2). Most households in both areas had a washing machine in bathroom and they regarded bathtub and the drain hole of the bathroom as very necessary. They all preferred separate bathroom and toilet areas in order to allow simultaneous use. 3). Their preferred seating style was chairs on sleeping and eating especially but they treated large family and guest without chairs in both areas. 4). All of them were took their shoes off and wore slippers at home usually and also had a preference for designated shoes space at the entrance to the house. 5) All of households in Uzbekistan and half of them in Korea had a carpet or mat in the bedroom or living room, both for keeping warm and aesthetic reasons. 6). The heating system of apartment in Uzbekistan was radiator and most of private houses had a modified Ondol with radiator but their preferred heating system was modified Ondol in both areas. 7). They all considered the living room as the most important housing space for family and guest in both areas.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.469-474
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• 2008

The objective of this study is to propose basic design guidelines for more effective air ventilation system in apartments. It is well known that ventilation depends on whether the room doors are open or closed as well as people's living patterns. This study considers 84 ㎡-sized apartment which has extended living room without balcony. Ventilation of bathroom and kitchen is not considered. The height of the building, external air pressure and air infiltration through the windows are also neglected. The regulation on indoor air quality made it mandatory that the air change per hour be more than 0.7. Four models are suggested to study the effect of open and closed doors. Models 1 and 3 are open door types and models 2 and 4 are closed door types. The open types have 50 mm hole near the top of the door to substitute exhaust outlet. The ventilation effectiveness was evaluated by 3-dimensional numerical simulation using finite volume method by a commercial software. This work compares air flow, temperature of air, age of air and the efficiency of ventilation of apartments with wooden doors of bedroom 1 and 2, which are open or closed.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to find out the spatial characteristics of the multi-housing units in Seoul and Kyung-gi area since 2006. Literature review and content analysis were used for this study and 82units of the big size over $165m^2$ were analyzed to review such design characteristics as spatial composition, layout and linkage. Through this study, the following conclusions have been reached; 1) Most unit plans had 4LDK and 3bath types including family room as a public space. This results shows that family-room and bathroom has recently become more important than number of rooms in multi-housing units planning. 2) Diversity of plan figures such as mass-mixing, mass-separation and polygons(L, V-type)was showed in most unit plan, breaking from the standardized forms of box types. 3) Intermediated spaces such as foyers and halls in entrance zone were planned and sub-entrance into kitchen were planned for the various types of circulation and work-efficiency. Cases had private space separated from public space, the dispersion of rooms with the increase of connection by corridors, L-DK meaning the living room isolated from the dining and kitchen, partially located living room for a view in area distribution. The spatial planning of master-zone mostly consists of the types of two-rooms and an entry into a foyer(library, dress-powder room, bathroom and master bedroom). This study has a significant meaning on grasping current trend in Korean multi-housing and to provide information for future direction on housing-unit design.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find out the spacial characteristics from the $69.42-11.70m^2$ unit plans of the apartment houses in Jeon-ju city, and to check up on the general spacial principles of Korean apartment unit plans. The content analysis method and the survey method were used for this study. The data of apartment unit plans and the questionnaires were collected from apartment offices or real estate agency offices. The data of 157 unit plans and 190 questionnaires were analyzed. The results of this study were as follows; 1) The general spacial principles of Korean apartment unit plans, the tendency of front 3-bay unit plan, the openness of living room, the Anbang with a bathroom and a dressroom, the utility room as a kitchen support space, and the addition of balconies, were showed in those of Jeon-ju city. 2) There was a new tendency, the front room arrangement of Anbang-living room-bedroom was changed into Anbang-living room-bathroom or kitchen, in them. 3) The characteristics of L-DK floor plans that the closeness of DK from exterior space and the interior openness and exterior privacy of L were showed in them. 4) The entrance was needed a intermediate space as a balcony or a former space, in them. These tendencies on unit plans of the apartment houses in Jeon-ju city were followed the general spacial principles of Korean apartment unit plans.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2016

The aim of this study is to analyze the organization of ithe internal space of Usonian houses that were designed by Frank Lloyd Wright between the 1930s and the 1950s. The Space Syntax Program was used to analyze spatial structure of these Usonian houses. The research range has been done on 9 case studies of Usonian house floor plans, which were designed from the 1930s to the 1950s. The shape of unit floor plans of Usonian house are usually in various L types, - types and transformed types etc.. The research results are as follows : 1) The service space(Kitchen etc.)is located at the center of house and it plays a role in separating the private space(bedroom etc.) and public space(living room etc.). 2) All of the bedrooms of Usonian houses have common characteristic : they are connected by a galley(corridor). 3) The organization of the inside space of most of these houses showed a tendency segregation space. 4) The galley inside space of Usonian house is the most integrated space in the house 5) The living room of the 1930s houses was analyzed as segregation space but it of 1940s and 1950s houses was analyzed as integration space 6) Although bedrooms are connected by galley, which is the highest integrated space of the inside space, this space is analyzed as a segregated space.