• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.119-123
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: The influence of music training on different areas of the brain has been extensively researched, but the underlying neurobehavioral mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, the effects of training for more than three years in Carnatic music (an Indian form of music) on the discrimination ability of different areas of the brain were tested using P300 analysis at three electrode placement sites. Subjects and Methods: A total of 27 individuals, including 13 singers aged 16-30 years (mean±standard deviation, 23±3.2 years) and 14 non-singers aged 16-30 years (mean age, 24±2.9 years), participated in this study. The singers had 3-5 years of formal training experience in Carnatic music. Cortical activities in areas corresponding to attention, discrimination, and memory were tested using P300 analysis, and the tests were performed using the Intelligent Hearing System. Results: The mean P300 amplitude of the singers at the Fz electrode placement site (5.64±1.81) was significantly higher than that of the non-singers (3.85±1.60; t(25)=3.3, p<0.05). The amplitude at the Cz electrode placement site in singers (5.90±2.18) was significantly higher than that in non-singers (3.46±1.40; t(25)=3.3, p<0.05). The amplitude at the Pz electrode placement site in singers (4.94±1.89) was significantly higher than that in non-singers (3.57±1.50; t(25)=3.3, p<0.05). Among singers, the mean P300 amplitude was significantly higher in the Cz site than the other placement sites, and among non-singers, the mean P300 amplitude was significantly higher in the Fz site than the other placement sites, i.e., music training facilitated enhancement of the P300 amplitude at the Cz site. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that more than three years of training in Carnatic singing can enhance neural coding to discriminate subtle differences, leading to enhanced discrimination abilities of the brain, mainly in the generation site corresponding to Cz electrode placement.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2005

노심설계 해석체계로 사용하는 HELIOS-MASTER코드를 이용하여 SAMRT연구로 사용 후 핵연료 저장조에 대한 임계도 해석체계를 개발하였다. 저장조의 기하학적 모형에 대한 거시 단면적을 HELIOS코드를 이용하여 생산하고, 저장조의 3차원 모델에 대한 임계도를 MASTER코드로 평가하였다. 또한 3차원 MCNP계산을 통하여 HELIOS-MASTER체계를 이용한 임계도 평가의 타당성을 검증하였다 HELIOS-MASTER코드 체계를 이용한 임계도 해석결과가 약간 보수적인 방향으로 허용오차 범위 내에서 정확도를 유지하였다. HELIOS-MASTER 코드 체계는 3차원 연소계산이 가능하기 때문에 차후에 연소이력을 고려한 사용후 연료 저장조에 대한 임계해석에 유용할 것이다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.709-725
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• 2024

This study utilized the raw data from the Community Health Survey (2023) to compare differences in body function, activity, participation, environment, personal factors, and suicidal ideations between elderly individuals aged 65 and older living alone and those living with families in Korea. The study subjects consisted of 80,618 elderly individuals aged 65 and older. Cross-tabulation analysis χ²-test), independent sample t-test, and logistic regression analysis were conducted. The results indicated that for both elderly individuals living alone and those living with families, age(p<.001), smoking(p<.001), stress(p<.001), depression experience(p<.001), and falls experiences(p<.001) were risk factors that increased suicidal ideations. Conversely, educational level(p<.05), income level(p<.001), subjective health status(p<.001), social participation(p<.001), economic activity(p<.001), community environment(p<.001), and social relationships were protective factors that reduced suicidal ideations. These findings demonstrate that demographic characteristics and individual health status significantly influence suicidal ideation in the elderly, while social factors contribute to a decrease in suicidal ideation. Furthermore, considering the differences found between elderly individuals living alone and those living with families regarding hypertension and gender, differentiated interventions for suicide prevention are necessary.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.33-46
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• 2016

In this study, the full-length nucleotide sequences of four Iranian PVY isolates belonging to $PVY^N$ strain were determined. The genome of Iranian PVY isolates were 9,703-9,707 nucleotides long encoding all potyviral cistrons including P1, HC-Pro, P3, 6K1, CI, 6K2, VPg, NIa-Pro, NIb and CP with coding regions of 825, 1,395, 1,095, 156, 1,902, 156, 564, 732, 1,557 and 801 nucleotides in length, respectively. The length of pipo, embedded in the P3 cistron, was 231 nucleotides. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Iranian isolates clustered with European recombinant NTN isolates in the N lineage. Recombination analysis demonstrated that Iranian $PVY^N$ isolates had a typical European $PVY^{NTN}$ genome having three recombinant junctions while $PVY^N$ and $PVY^O$ were identified as the parents. We used dN/dS methods to detect candidate amino acid positions for positive selection in viral proteins. The mean ${\omega}$ ratio differed among different genes. Using model M0, ${\omega}$ values were 0.267 (P1), 0.085 (HC-Pro), 0.153 (P3), 0.050 (CI), 0.078 (VPg), 0.087 (NIa-pro), 0.079 (NIb) and 0.165 (CP). The analysis showed different sites within P1, P3 and CP were under positive selection pressure, however, the sites varied among PVY populations. To the best of our knowledge, our analysis provides the first demonstration of population structure of $PVY^N$ strain in mid-Eurasia Iran using complete genome sequences and highlights the importance of recombination and selection pressure in the evolution of PVY.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.722-726
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• 2010

This study was to examine the neuroticism related to psychological characteristics of each Sasang types using SCL-90-R with 107 students from College of Oriental Medicine, Daeguhaani University. We did ANOVA analysis with seven neuroticism-related sub-scales and found significant differences in somatization (F=3.701, p=0.028) and hostility (F=4.396, p=0.015). The post-hoc analysis showed that the So-Yang type ($23.17{\pm}8.95$) has significantly (p=0.048, p=0.012) higher score than Tae-Eum ($19.25{\pm}5.97$) and So-Yang($19.25{\pm}5.76$) type in somatization. In hostility, the So-yang type ($11.31{\pm}3.98$) has significantly (p=0.011, p=0.015) higher score than Tae-Eum ($8.80{\pm}2.61$) and So-Eum ($9.44{\pm}3.35$) type. The ANOVA analysis with female subjects found significant differences in anxiety (F=3.88, p=0.03) and hostility (F=5.04, p=0.01). The post-hoc analysis showed that the So-Yang type ($20.36{\pm}5.44$, $12.36{\pm}3.82$) has significantly (p=0.043, p=0.015) higher score compared to the So-Eum type ($15.46{\pm}3.36$, $8.69{\pm}2.06$) in anxiety and hostility. The profile analysis using seven neuroticism-related subscalesof SCL-90-R did not revealed significant differences (Flatness with Greenhouse-Geisser (F=202.347, p=0.0001), Parallelism with Greenhouse-Geisser (F=1.428, p=0.191)). We discussed the implications of neuroticism in Sasang typology and SCL-90-R somatization, anxiety and hostility scales. This study showed opposite results compared to the previous studies that So-Eum type has higher neuroticism compared to the So-Yang and Tae-Eum type. The reason for this discrepancy between this and previous studies, and differences between male and female should be examined thoroughly with larger and balanced sample.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제14C권7호
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• pp.545-552
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• 2007

P3P는 웹 서비스 제공자와 사용자 사이에서 사용되는 개인정보의 정의, 전송, 수집, 그리고 유지 등에 대한 정책을 정의하고 협상하기 위한 표준이다. 현재까지 제시된 P3P 표준은 주로 사용자의 개인정보보호 정책과 웹 서버의 P3P 정책을 정의하고 두 정책을 비교하는 방법을 제공하고 있다. 그러나 사용자와 웹 서버 사이의 개인정보 및 데이터의 안전한 전송을 위한 세부 기능과 이 때 발생할 수 있는 문제점에 대해서는 명확하게 제시하고 있지 않다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해서, 본 논문에서는 Secure P3P(S-P3P) 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안 프로토콜은 현재의 P3P 표준을 위한 보안 프로토콜로서 웹 서버와 사용자 간의 상호 인증 기능을 제공하고, 전송되는 메시지와 데이터의 무결성과 기밀성을 보장한다. 또한, S-P3P 프로토콜은 사용자로부터 웹 서버에 전송되는 개인정보의 송수신에 대한 부인방지 기능을 제공한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.81-96
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• 2015

The characteristics of atmospheric dispersion of radioactive material (i.e. $^{137}Cs$) related to local wind patterns around the Kori nuclear power plant (KNPP) were studied using WRF/HYSPLIT model. The cluster analysis using observed winds from 28 weather stations during a year (2012) was performed in order to obtain representative local wind patterns. The cluster analysis identified eight local wind patterns (P1, P2, P3, P4-1, P4-2, P4-3, P4-4, P4-5) over the KNPP region. P1, P2 and P3 accounted for 14.5%, 27.0% and 14.5%, respectively. Both P1 and P2 are related to westerly/northwesterly synoptic flows in winter and P3 includes the Changma or typhoons days. The simulations of P1, P2 and P3 with high wind velocities and constant wind directions show that $^{137}Cs$ emitted from the KNPP during 0900~1400 LST (Local Standard Time) are dispersed to the east sea, southeast sea and southwestern inland, respectively. On the other hands, 5 sub-category of P4 have various local wind distributions under weak synoptic forcing and accounted for less than 10% of all. While the simulated $^{137}Cs$ for P4-2 is dispersed to southwest inland due to northeasterly flows, $^{137}Cs$ dispersed northward for the other patterns. The simulated average 137Cs concentrations of each local wind pattern are $564.1{\sim}1076.3Bqm^{-3}$. The highest average concentration appeared P4-4 due to dispersion in a narrow zone and weak wind environment. On the other hands, the lowest average concentration appeared P1 and P2 due to rapid dispersion to the sea. The simulated $^{137}Cs$ concentrations and dispersion locations of each local wind pattern are different according to the local wind conditions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.4909-4914
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) review and meta-analysis was to derive a more precise estimation of the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism (Arg72Pro, rs1042522 G>C) and cervical cancer risk among Asians. Methods: A literature search of Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and CBM databases from inception through June 2012 was conducted. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA 12.0 software. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of any association. Twenty-eight case-control studies were included with a total of 3,580 cervical cancer cases and 3,827 healthy controls. When all the eligible studies were pooled into the meta-analysis, the results showed that the Pro/Pro genotype was associated with increased risk of cervical cancer under the heterozygous model (Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Pro: OR = 1.25, 95%CI: 1.02-1.53, P= 0.005). However, no statistically significant associations were found under four other genetic models (Pro vs. Arg: OR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.85-1.10, P= 0.624; Pro/Pro + Arg/Pro vs. Arg/Arg: OR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.70-1.01, P= 0.058; Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg + Arg/Pro: OR = 1.13, 95%CI: 0.92-1.39, P= 0.242; Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg: OR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.76-1.22, P= 0.765; respectively). In the subgroup analysis based on country, the Pro/Pro genotype and Pro carrier showed significant associations with increased risk of cervical cancer among Indian populations, but not among Chinese, Japanese and Korean populations. Conclusion: Results from the current meta-analysis suggests that p53 codon 72 polymorphism might be associated with increased risk of cervical cancer, especially among Indians.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2006

본 연구는 2005년 9월 10일부터 10월 9일까지 전북지역에 소재한 W대학의 치위생(학)과 학생 365명을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 자기기입식에 의한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 학년별 분포는 1학년 115명, 2학년 125명, 3학년 120명 이었으며, 수집된 자료는 통계처리 프로그램 SPSS(V.11.5)를 이용하여 교차분석, 복수응답분석, 상관분석을 실시하였으며 모든 검증에 사용된 유의수준(${\alpha}$)은 0.05 이었다. 1. 취업 희망 지역으로 1학년의 50.4%가 서울로 취업을 희망하고 있었으며 2학년의 38.4%, 3학년의 44.2%는 경기도를 가장 많이 희망하고 있었으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p < 0.01). 2. 취업 희망 지역의 선택 이유에 대해 1학년과 2학년에서 48.7%, 36.0%로 보수가 가장 높게 나타났으며 3학년에서는 전공지식의 재충전이 30.0% 나타나 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p < 0.001). 3. 취업을 할 수 있는 곳에 대한 지식정도는 1학년 47.0%, 2학년 48.8%, 3학년의 62.5%가 모르고 있다고 응답하였으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p < 0.01). 4. 취업시 중요 요인에 대해서는 1학년 52.2%, 2학년 61.6%, 3학년의 68.3%가 적성 및 흥미를 중요하게 생각하고 있었으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p < 0.01). 5. 취업시 희망 업무에 대해 1학년의 29.6%는 구강보건 교육업무를, 2학년은 42.4%가 예방진료업무를, 3학년에서는 37.5%가 치과매니지먼트업무를 가장 많이 희망하고 있었으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p < 0.01). 6. 치과위생사 직업에 대한 관심정도와 취업을 할 수 있는 곳에 대한 사전 지식의 정도의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 이들은 상관계수가 .216로 유의수준 .01에서 유의한 것으로 나타나, 약한 정적 상관관계를 이루고 있는 것으로 나타났다(p < 0.01).

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.154-162
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• 2014

Oyster mushrooms including of P. ostreatus, P. eryngii, P. pulmonarius and P. cornucopiae are one of the famous mushrooms for foods in Korea. RAPD were carried out using 14 of oligoprimers to analyze the phylogenetic relationship among 57 strains of 32 Pleurotus species. Most of species formed the minimum clade with strains within species and was divided respectively species. Therefore clade was separated well in accordance species. Pleurotus species formed again clade to be added in close related to other species, and were discriminated by sixteen clades with each representative species including high similarity groups. Sixteen clades were composed representative species according to each clade. There were clade I of P. pulmonarius(P. sajor-caju, P. opuntiae, P. sapidus), clade II of P. eryngii(P. fuscus var. ferulae, P. fossulatus), clade III of P. ostreatus(P. ostreatus var. columbinus, P. spodoleucus, P. floridanus), clade IV of P. florida, clade V of P. djamor(P. flabellatus, P. incarnates, P. salmoneo-stramineus), clade VII of P. populinus(P. subareolatus), clade VIII of P. cystidiosus(P. cystidiosus var. formosensis), clade X of P. dryinus(P. dryinus var. pometi), clade XIV of P. cornucopiae(P. citrinopilieatus, P. euosmus), and clade XV of P. australis. These species were representative species each clades. Five species, P. ulmarius(clade VI), P. griseus(clade IX), P. calyptratus(clade XI), P. lampas(clade XII), P. smithii(clade XIII)and P. serotinus (clade XVI) were used each one strain in analysis, so they were clustered other groups.