• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.97-107
• /
• 2009

Experiments using real guided weapons for the development of the LADAR(Laser radar) are not practical. Therefore, we need computing environment that can simulate the 3D detections by LADAR. Such simulations require dealing with large sized data representing buildings and terrain over large area. And they also need the information of 3D target objects, for example, material and echo rate of building walls. However, currently used 3D models are mostly focused on visualization maintained as file-based formats and do not contain such semantic information. In this study, as a solution to these problems, a method to use a spatial DBMS and a 3D model suitable for LADAR simulation is suggested. The 3D models found in previous studies are developed to serve different purposes, thus, it is not easy to choose one among them which is optimized for LADAR simulation. In this study, 4 representative 3D models are first defined, each of which are tested for different performance scenarios. As a result, one model, "Body-Face", is selected as being the most suitable model for the simulation. Using this model, a test simulation is carried out.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
• /
• 2014.03a
• /
• pp.287-299
• /
• 2014

Bicarbonate anion ($HCO_3{^-}$) takes the role of major buffer systems in our body by maintaining the pH at 7.4. Epithelial $HCO_3{^-}$ secretion also hydrolyzes the mucus which protects body from noxious infections. It has been widely known that such infections are closely related to $HCO_3{^-}$ permeability through membrane and, thus, increasing the $HCO_3{^-}$ permeability is essential. To evaluate the $HCO_3{^-}$ permeability through ion channels, the free energy changes relevant to ion pumping are calculated with the Integral Equation Formalism-PCM (IEF-PCM) theory. Molecular structures of various anions including $HCO_3{^-}$ were optimized with the density functional theory at the level of B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) in gas and solution phase. In addition, the anion permeability is significantly influenced by the relative size of the anion and pore. We introduce a shifted volume factor model that describes the pore size effect when the charged solutes transfer through ion channels. We found excellent agreement between experimental and calculated permeability when our novel model of the size effect was taken into account to.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.9 no.4 s.32
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 2004

This paper describes a cloth simulation system for dressing 3D virtual human model with different pieces of clothing. The garments are constructed of cutting patterns seamed together. The system reads a body file and a cutting pattern file and produces a new model dressed with the specified garment by using a physical simulation based on a mass-spring model. For the realistic cloth simulation, it performs collision detection and response between triangles of the 3D human model and the garment. Because the number of triangles of a human model is very large. the collision detection and response requires a lot of time. To overcome this problem, we propose a pruning method which decreases the number of collision detection and response by a space-subdivision method. Experimental results show that the system produces realistic images and makes it possible to sew a garment around a virtual human body in several seconds.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.203-209
• /
• 2014

Usefulness and clinical availability for surgery efficiency were evaluated by conducting pre-operative planning with a model manufactured by desktop 3D printer by using clavicle CT image. The patient-customized clavicle fracture model was manufactured by desktop 3D printer of FDM wire laminated processing method by converting the CT image into STL file in Open Source DICOM Viewer Osirix. Also, the model of the original shape before damaged was restored and manufactured by Mirror technique based on STL file of not fractured clavicle of the other side by using the symmetry feature of the human body. For the model, the position and size, degree of the fracture was equally printed out. Using the clavicle model directly manufactured with low cost and less time in Department of Radiology is considered to be useful because it can reduce secondary damage during surgery and increase surgery efficiency with Minimal invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis(MIPO).

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.34-40
• /
• 1999

Drag reduction on vehicles are the main concern for the body shape designers in order to lower the fuel consumption rate and to aid the driving stability. The drag of bluff bodies like transportation vehicles is mostly pressure drag due to the flow separation, which can be minimized by controlling the location and size of the separation bubble. In the present study, the TURBO-3D code is incorporated with optimal algorithm based on analytical approximation method to obtain an optimal afterbody shape of the MIRA Model corresponding to the lowest drag coefficient. For this purpose three mutually independent afterbody angles are chosen as design variables, while the drag coefficient is chosen as an objective function. It is demonstrated in the present study that an optimal body shape having the lowest drag coefficient which is about 6% lower than that of the original shape has been successfully obtained within number of iterations of tile optimal design loop.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.307-315
• /
• 2020

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of displacement while tightening the screw of scan bodies, which were compared according to the material type. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three types of scan bodies whose base regions were made up of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) material [Straumann Group, Dentium Group, and Myfit (PEEK) Group] and another scan body whose base region was made up of titanium material [Myfit (Metal) Group] were used (15 per group). The reference model was fabricated by aligning the scan body library on the central axis of the implant, and moving this position by the resin model. The screws of the scan bodies were tightened to the implant fixture with torques of 5 Ncm, 10 Ncm, and a hand tightening torque. After the application of the torque, the scan bodies were scanned using a laboratory scanner. To evaluate the vertical, horizontal, and 3-dimensional (3D) displacements, a 3D inspection software program was used. To examine the difference among groups, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's HSD post hoc test were used (α=.05). RESULTS. There were significant differences in 3D, vertical, and horizontal displacements among the different types of scan bodies (P<.001). There was a significantly lower displacement in the Straumann group than in the Myfit (PEEK) and Dentium groups (P<.05). CONCLUSION. The horizontal displacement in all groups was less than 10 ㎛. With the hand tightening torque, a high vertical displacement of over 100 ㎛ occurred in PEEK scan bodies (Myfit and Dentium). Therefore, it is recommended to apply a tightening torque of 5 Ncm instead of a hand tightening torque.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.122-133
• /
• 1997

Purified diets containing 5 graded levels of threonine were fed to young, growing and finishing pigs to determine the threonine requirement for growth and maintenance. A model was developed to subdivide the threonine requirement for the maintenance from the requirement for growth. From this model, the threonine requirement for growth was 7.733, 10.968 and 11.235 g/kg live weight gain and the maintenance requirement was 0.118, 0.048 and 0.024 g per unit of metabolic body size at each stage of growth, respectively. In the young pigs, the threonine requirement for growth was 0.388 g/g N gain and the maintenance requirement was 0.122 g per unit of metabolic body size. The breakpoint of plasma threonine concentrations was 3.995, 7.933 and 7.738 g/d, respectively. Expected requirements obtained from these formulae were in general agreement with previous estimates. Based on the weight gain vs N gain equation, about 4.24% of the retained protein was comprised of threonine and compared to 3.81%, the mean threonine content of pig muscle CP.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.86-97
• /
• 1997

Purified diets containing 5 graded levels of methionine + cystine were fed to young, growing and finishing pigs to determine the methionine + cystine requirement for growth and maintenance. A model was developed to subdivide the methionine + cystine requirement for maintenance from requirement for growth. From this model, the methionine + cystine requirement for growth was 8.633, 10.260 and 9.293 g/kg live weight gain and the maintenance requirement was 0.049, 0.016 and 0.019 g per unit of metabolic body size at each stage of growth, respectively. In the young pigs, the methionine + cystine requirement for growth was 0.491 g/g N gain and the maintenance requirement was 0.059 g per unit of metabolic body size. The breakpoint of plasma methionine + cystine concentrations was 3.888, 6.935 and 8.116 g/d, respectively. Expected requirements obtained from these formulae were in general agreement with previous estimates. Based on the weight gain vs N gain equation, about 4.44% of the retained protein was comprised of methionine + cystine and compared to 3.31%, the mean methionine + cystine content of pig muscle CP.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.626-637
• /
• 2018

Human exchanges information not only through words, but also through body gesture or hand gesture. And they can be used to build effective interfaces in mobile, virtual reality, and augmented reality. The past 2D gesture recognition research had information loss caused by projecting 3D information in 2D. Since the recognition of the gesture in 3D is higher than 2D space in terms of recognition range, the complexity of gesture recognition increases. In this paper, we proposed a real-time gesture recognition deep learning model and application in 3D space using deep learning technique. First, in order to recognize the gesture in the 3D space, the data collection is performed using the unity game engine to construct and acquire data. Second, input vector normalization for learning 3D gesture recognition model is processed based on deep learning. Thirdly, the SELU(Scaled Exponential Linear Unit) function is applied to the neural network's active function for faster learning and better recognition performance. The proposed system is expected to be applicable to various fields such as rehabilitation cares, game applications, and virtual reality.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.19-28
• /
• 2013

In a shear wall-frame structural system, the structural response is determined by the interaction between the shear wall in bending mode and the frame in shear mode. In order to effectively consider these characteristics of a shear wall-frame structure, the simplified numerical model using the T-shape rigid body was suggested in the previous study. Based on the previously proposed model, an efficient numerical model for a wall-frame structure with an eccentric core has been proposed in this study. To this end, the previously proposed 2D model is extended to the 3D model and it is enhanced by considering torsion effects. As a result, the enhanced model can be applied to the analysis of a wall-frame structure with an eccentric core as well as a centric core.