• ETRI Journal
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2001

A numerical simulation and an experimental implementation of T-shaped microstrip-fed printed slot array antenna are presented in this paper. The proposed antenna with relative permittivity 4.3 and thickness 1.0mm is analyzed by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The dependence of design parameters on the bandwidth characteristics is investigated. The measured bandwidth of twin-slot array antenna is from 1.37 GHz to 2.388 GHz, which is approximately 53.9 % for return loss less than or equal to -10 dB. The bandwidth of twin-slot is about 1.06 % larger than that of single-slot antenna. The measured results are in good agreement with the FDTD results.

• 천문학회보
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.38.2-38.2
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• 2015

Development of a new code for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) phenomena in fusion plasma is under progress through a collaboration between plasma physicists, mathematicians, and astrophysicists. The code employs approaches different from those of existing codes. For instance, it is based on a finite difference scheme of high-order and high accuracy, complying conservation laws. The new code will have characteristics distinguished from those of commonly used code such as M3D and NIMROD. Here we will report the progress of the code development.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제32A권8호
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• pp.47-55
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• 1995

Proximity-coupled open-end microstrip interconnections in bilevel planar structures are investigated through three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain(3D-FDTD) method. Three types of EMC (electromagnetically coupled) microstriplines are considered, collinear lines, transverse lines and modified EMC structure. From the analyzed results, it is found that these EMC interconnections have the coupling coefficient enough to interconnect lines in bilevel structures over a broad-band. The computed results of the modified EMC structure was compared with measurement from physical model and the computed results of via hole interconnection.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.48-65
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• 1990

Numerical solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations, governing 2-dimensional, time-dependent, viscous, incompressible fluid flow past a square cylinde in an infinite region, are presented for Reynolds numbers $10^2$, $10^3$and $10^4$. Finite-difference scheme, based on SOLA-VOF is adopted and a discretization of the convection term for irregular grid is newly suggested by altering the original nonconservation form into conservation one. Distribution of finer grids around the body reveals fairly reasonable consistency with the experimental variables : drag coefficient, lift coefficient, Strouhal number, fluctuating pressure coefficient, etc.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.221-234
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• 2019

Today, many important concrete face rockfill dams (CFRDs) have been built on the world, and some of these important structures are located on the strong seismic regions. In this reason, examination and monitoring of these water construction's seismic behaviour is very important for the safety and future of these dams. In this study, the nonlinear seismic behaviour of Ilısu CFR dam which was built in Turkey in 2017, is investigated for various reservoir water heights taking into account 1995 Kobe near-fault and far-fault ground motions. Three dimensional (3D) finite difference model of the dam is created using the FLAC3D software that is based on the finite difference method. The most suitable mesh range for the 3D model is chosen to achieve the realistic numerical results. Mohr-Coulomb nonlinear material model is used for the rockfill materials and foundation in the seismic analyses. Moreover, Drucker-Prager nonlinear material model is considered for the concrete slab to represent the nonlinearity of the concrete. The dam body, foundation and concrete slab constantly interact during the lifetime of the CFRDs. Therefore, the special interface elements are defined between the dam body-concrete slab and dam body-foundation due to represent the interaction condition in the 3D model. Free field boundary condition that was used rarely for the nonlinear seismic analyses, is considered for the lateral boundaries of the model. In addition, quiet artificial boundary condition that is special boundary condition for the rigid foundation in the earthquake analyses, is used for the bottom of the foundation. The hysteric damping coefficients are separately calculated for all of the materials. These special damping values is defined to the FLAC3D software using the special fish functions to capture the effects of the variation of the modulus and damping ratio with the dynamic shear-strain magnitude. Total 4 different reservoir water heights are taken into account in the seismic analyses. These water heights are empty reservoir, 50 m, 100 m and 130 m (full reservoir), respectively. In the nonlinear seismic analyses, near-fault and far-fault ground motions of 1995 Kobe earthquake are used. According to the numerical analyses, horizontal displacements, vertical displacements and principal stresses for 4 various reservoir water heights are evaluated in detail. Moreover, these results are compared for the near-fault and far-faults earthquakes. The nonlinear seismic analysis results indicate that as the reservoir height increases, the nonlinear seismic behaviour of the dam clearly changes. Each water height has different seismic effects on the earthquake behaviour of Ilısu CFR dam. In addition, it is obviously seen that near-fault earthquakes and far field earthquakes create different nonlinear seismic damages on the nonlinear earthquake behaviour of the dam.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2018

Since the freezer compartment and the refrigerating compartment are located side by side in a side-by-side refrigerator, the problems of the door height difference (DHD) and door flatness difference (DFD) have been constantly raised. Deformation of the cabinet of a built-in side-by-side refrigerator under food and thermal loads was analyzed by the finite element software ANSYS. The DHD and DFD, occurring due to the deformation of the cabinet, evaluated. From the results of the analysis of the cabinet, the 3D CAD software CATIA was used to geometrically translate and rotate the freezing and refrigerating compartment doors, in consideration of the displacement of the hinge fastening point. Then, the coordinates of two points on the upper corner of the doors were determined, and the DHD and DFD were obtained. It found that the thermal load, occurring under normal operation conditions, decreases the door height difference, but increases the door flatness difference. Values of the analyzed DHD and DFD appear smaller than the acceptance criteria used by the refrigerator manufacturer.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.415-440
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• 2015

In the present case study, High Strain Dynamic Testing of piles is conducted at 3 different locations of Kolkata city of India. The raw field data acquired is analyzed using Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA) and CAPWAP (Case Pile Wave Analysis Programme) computer software and load settlement curves along with variation of force and velocity with time is obtained. A finite difference based numerical software FLAC3D has been used for simulating the field conditions by simulating similar soil-pile models for each case. The net pile displacement and ultimate pile capacity determined from the field tests and estimated by using numerical analyses are compared. It is seen that the ultimate capacity of the pile computed using FLAC3D differs from the field test results by around 9%, thereby indicating the efficiency of FLAC3D as reliable numerical software for analyzing pile foundations subjected to impact loading. Moreover, various parameters like top layers of cohesive soil varying from soft to stiff consistency, pile length, pile diameter, pile impedance and critical height of fall of the hammer have been found to influence both pile displacement and net pile capacity substantially. It may, therefore, be suggested to include the test in relevant IS code of practice.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.582-591
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 휴대전화기에 의한 인체 영향을 FDTD (시간영역 유한차분법) 해석할 수 있도록 한국인 표준 에 알맞는 인체 두부의 FDTD 모텔 제작 방법을 소개하였다. 한국인 표준에 알맞은 사람의 두부를 MRI 촬영한 다음.2차원 MRI 영상 데이터를 이용하여 2차원 segmentation을 하였다. segmentation은 반자동법을 적용하였 으며 제작된 2차원 se밍nentation 데이터를 토대로 $1mm\times1mm\times1mm$크기의 3차원 고해상도 segmentation 데이터를 제작하였다. 3차원 고해상도 segmentation 데이터를 이용하여 휴대전화기의 사용 상황에 어올리도록 다양한 각도로 기울인 인체 두부의 FDTD 모델을 제작하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 1987

본 논문은 부하추종운전노심의 1차원 해석방법과 3차원 해석방법을 비교하기 위한 것이다. 이 목적으로 본 논문에서는 유한차분법에 의거한 1차원 HLOFO 코드와 수정형 Borresen 소격모형에 의한 3차원 CMSNAC 코드를 개발했다. CMSNAC 코드는 100-50-100% 출력변화를 수반하는 12-3-6-3 부하추종운전에 대한 고리 1호기 노심의 3차원 출려분포와 반응도 변수를 계산하는데 이용했다. 3차원 계산결과는 중성자속.체적 가증법으로 구한 단면적 및 버클링 입력에 의거한 1차원적 HLOFO 계산결과와 비교되었으며, 이 비교로부터 1차원 HLOFO 계산이 정착도 면에서 다소 뒤떨어지지만 3차원 계산에 가까운 결과를 얻을 수 있다는 것을 보였다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 수압파열시험 장비를 이용하여 Type3 복합용기의 설계 파열압력에 관한 실증연구를 수행하였다. 고압가스를 저장할 수 있는 6.8L급 사용압 31MPa Type3 복합용기에 대한 유한요소 설계해석을 통하여 파열압을 예측하였고 해석의 정확성을 확인하기 위하여 수압파열시험을 3회 실시하였다. 파열시험설비는 수압으로 최대 400MPa까지 가압이 가능한 장비를 활용하였다. 해석으로 예측된 소형 복합용기의 설계 파열압과 실제 파열시험 결과를 비교한 결과, 값의 차이는 4% 이내로 나타났다. 이를 통하여 해석기법의 신뢰성을 확인하였으며, 본 실증에서 검증된 해석기법을 복합용기의 안전성 확보를 위한 국내인증 및 제품검사에 적용할 예정이다.