• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.141-150
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• 2003

In 21 century, Game industry became one field of the cultural content industries. Also, It is one of the most important technologies as a Multimedia, 3-D sound, virtual reality field, and character industry and its scale and effect are getting big. But Korea still lags behind America and Japan in developing game. For that, many support business progressed. However, Special importance〔emphasis〕 is attached to the developing of software engines. In the mean time, The game market of children(under 8) is the biggest one, which form over 30% of all the markets in the PC game market of America. The Children's game, which has both entertaining and educating, is a content-concerned industry. So with a short period of the developing time, they make a high value added. In this paper, 1 study the existing computer games and propose for game contents and the game factor's abstraction suited to the character by kid age. It is concluded that 'Asports', 'Asim,' 'U.J RPG', 'S＋RPG' are beneficial to the child growth on each stage, through serveys analysis of protocol, and research of the cjaracters of the growth on the each age.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2014

This study took existing invention intellectual property related textbooks being utilized in secondary vocational education, analyzed the formation status of 'key learning elements' reflection ratio and drew optimum key learning elements formation ratio by invention intellectual property education content required in secondary vocational education in the future. For this, the study task was set up as 'what kind and how much of invention intellectual property key learning elements are in the invention intellectual property textbook education content now and what is the desirable ratio of each key learning elements in the future'. To resolve this task, 3 specialists analyzed the invention intellectual property education content reflection status and optimum reflection ratio by invention intellectual property education content required in the future is suggested by Delphi survey. The results of this study are as following. First, the result of analysis on invention intellectual property key learning elements included in the invention patent recognition books being utilized in secondary vocational education was that the books included all key learning elements; however, some textbooks have the trend of concentrating in D area (problem-solving activities). Second, the result of analysis on the reflection ratio by invention intellectual property education content area in the invention patent recognition books being utilized in secondary vocational education was that there was the trend in most textbooks that they concentrate in intellectual property creation area; while some textbooks deal with intellectual property protection area and intellectual property utilization area. Regarding by achievement type, knowledge area was main in all textbooks. Meanwhile, function area is dealt in invention patent basic, invention and problem-solving and design textbooks. Attitude area is not dealt or is dealt insufficiently in most textbooks. Third, the optimum reflection ratio of invention intellectual property education key learning elements required in secondary vocational education in the future as obtained by specialists' delphi survey was that it is necessary to decrease D (problem-solving activities) 17.7% area, E(invention fusion knowledge) 2.9% area, K(patent application) 6.9% and L(patent information investigation) area 9.6%. Regarding the optimum reflection ratio of invention intellectual property education content, it is suggested that the invention literacy area 3.1%, intellectual property creation area 4.5% and intellectual property protection area 10.6% would be decreased; while intellectual property utilization area 17.7% would be increased. Regarding optimum reflection ratio of achievement type, it is suggested that knowledge area 52% would be decreased; while function area 32.3% and attitude area 19.6% would be increased.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.18-21
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• 1999

A feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effects of feeding frequency on growth and body composition in juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Triplicate groups of the 40 fish averaging 1.6 g were fed the 2 different commercial diets (D-1 and D-2) and moist pellet (MP) contained frozen horse mackerel and commercial binder meal at different feeding frequencies of 4 times daily, 3 times daily, 2 times daily, once a day or once in 2 days. Growth and feed intake of fish were affected by diets and feeding frequencies (P<0.05). Feed intake ($\%$ of body wt.) in the all diet groups was significantly decreased according to feeding frequency decreased (P<0.05). Weight gain of fish fed the each diet were increased according to feeding frequency increased, although no significant differences were observed between 3 times and 4 times daily (P>0,05). If the same feeding frequency, feed intake and growth of fish fed the moist pellet were lower (P<0.05) than those of commercial diets (D-1 or D-2), probably due to the relatively high moisture content or unbalanced nutrients. Whole body lipid content of fish fed the each diet at once in 2 days was the lowest among feeding frequencies. These results indicate that 3 times daily feeding regimen may be more effective than that of 4 times daily and moist pellet in this study will not be used as a practical type of diet for juvenile olive flounder weighing between 1,6 g and 4 g.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.189-194
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• 2022

As non-face-to-face activities have become commonplace, online video conferencing platforms have become popular collaboration tools. However, existing video conferencing platforms have a structure in which one side unilaterally exchanges information, potentially increase the fatigue of meeting participants. In this study, we designed a video conferencing platform utilizing virtual reality (VR), a metaverse technology, to enable various interactions. A virtual conferencing space and realistic VR video conferencing content authoring tool support system were designed using Meta's Oculus Quest 2 hardware, the Unity engine, and 3D Max software. With the Photon software development kit, voice recognition was designed to perform automatic text translation with the Watson application programming interface, allowing the online video conferencing participants to communicate smoothly even if using different languages. It is expected that the proposed video conferencing platform will enable conference participants to interact and improve their work efficiency.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2018

The procedural generation algorithm is an algorithm that automatically generates a content to be used in a game by repeatedly executing a series of rules. As the size of the game increases, the amount of content used in the game increases. Accordingly, artificial intelligence research is actively conducted to automatically generate game contents using game artificial intelligence such as procedural generation. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to create 3D game world using procedural generation. The proposed algorithm generates a two-dimensional contour in which the path is naturally connected using Perlin-Noise whose noise is gradually changed. A three-dimensional Height-Map is created based on the generated two-dimensional contour lines. The generated Height-Map show that the shape of the map is normal and that the player is able to move around all the sections as in the game world created by hand. In the future, we will improve the performance of algorithms and apply them to game.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.1233-1237
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• 2001

A study was conducted to determine the effects of maturity at harvest and wilting days on the quality of round baled rye (Secale cereale L.) silage. This study was a $3{\times}3$ factorial arrangement in a split plot design with 3 replicates. The main plot was 3 harvesting dates at the stage of boot (20 Apr.), heading (29 Apr.) and flowering (14 May). The subplot was wilting day : 0 (unwilted), 0.5 and 1 day (0, 1, and 2 days at boot stage). Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents of rye silage were significantly greater than those of rye before ensiling, but crude protein (CP) content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) were vice versa. Buffering capacity (BC) of rye harvested at flowering stage was decreased from 264 to 202 meq/kg at 1 day wilting, however, it was increased when harvested at boot or heading stage. The pH in wilted silage was the highest while that of flowering stage was the lowest. Water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of wilting rye was lower than that of unwilted, and the lowest at late harvesting stage. All plots had minimal WSC content for silage fermentation. Wilting treatment and delayed harvesting date caused an increase in dry matter (DM) content of round bale silage. The content of ammonia-N expressed as a portion of total N showed negative correlation with DM content. High quality silage according to ammonia-N content could be obtained from mid-harvest with wilting. There were highly significant differences in each organic acid between harvesting dates and wilting periods. Acetic and butyric acid contents were increased with delayed harvesting and prolonged wilting period, the lactic acid content, however, was decreased. This study demonstrated that harvest of rye from heading to flowering stage with wilting would be a recommendable method for making high quality rye silage using round bale system.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1049-1060
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• 2021

Objective: This study assessed the effect of different levels of xylanase, β-glucanase and phytase on intestinal enzyme activities and tibia bone development in broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets. Methods: Twelve experimental diets were formulated using a 3×2×2 factorial design (three doses of phytase and two doses of both xylanase and β-glucanase) and offered to 648 day-old Ross 308 male chicks having 6 replicates groups with 9 birds per replicate and lasted for 35 days. Results: An interaction between the enzymes products improved (p<0.01) the activity of chymotrypsin. Protein content at d 10 was highest (p<0.001) with addition of phytase while general proteolytic activity (GPA) (p<0.02) and lipase activity (p<0.001) were decreased. At d 24, there were improvements in protein content (p<0.01) and lipase (p<0.04) with supplementation of superdose phytase. Addition of superdose phytase decreased in chymotrypsin (p<0.02), trypsin (p<0.01) and GPA (p<0.001). The optimum dose of xylanase decreased the chymotrypsin activity (p = 0.05), while the GPA (p<0.001) was increased with the optimum level of β-glucanase. Superdose phytase supplementation at d 10 improved maltase (p = 0.05), sucrase (p<0.001) and alkaline phosphatase (p<0.001) activities in the jejunum while aminopeptidase activity was highest (p<0.005) with the low level of phytase. Protein content of jejunum mucosa was bigger (p<0.001) in birds fed superdose phytase while maltase activity (p<0.001) at d 24 was reduced by this treatment. Sucrase (p<0.04) and aminopeptidase activities (p<0.001) improved when diets supplemented with low levels of phytase. Tibia bone breaking strength was highest (p<0.04) with addition of low level of superdose phytase or optimum level of β-glucanase. Bone dry matter content decreased (p<0.04) when diets supplemented with phytase. Conclusion: From the results obtained in this study, supplementation of superdose phytase was the most effective, however, the cost-benefit analysis of the use of such a dose needs to be evaluated.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.66-81
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• 1989

The characteristics of resilient modulus(Mr) which dominates the life of pavement and the design of pavement were investigated on the test specimens which were cement treated and non-treated of the three different soil types. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The resilient modulus was decreased by increasing the cyclic deviator stress ($\sigma$d) , especially the resilient modulus was gradually decreased or sometimes increased when the value of ad was greater than 0.75- 1. 0kg/cm$^2$. 2. The resilient modulus was increased by increasing the homogeneous confined stress ($\sigma$do) and such phenomena were distinct on the coarse soils. 3. The resilient modulus was increased by increasing the ratio of confined stress(Kc), and this phenomena were eminent on the coarse soils too, and the higher permanent strain was showed by increasing the value of Kc. 4. In the drained cyclic triaxial compression test, the value of ad, Kc, and (Oho) was introduced by the following interrelated equations which were similar to the Mr model of Cole. Kcn/Mr=K1(J$_2$/ $\tau$oct)K2 ............. (coarse soli) Mcn/Mr=K3($\sigma$dp/ $\tau$f)k4 ...............(fine soils) 5. The stress path was not much affected by the value of Mr, however, moisture content, dry desity, and contant of fines affected the value of Mr. 6. In the soil-cement specimens, the resilient compression strain($\varepsilon$d) was decreased by the increment of the $\sigma$ho, and Mr was decreased by increasing the $\sigma$d 7. In the flexible pavement. the cement treated layer should be designed not to fail by the fatigue before the designed traffic load, and actually the pavement could cover the traffic load to a certain extent under the post-crack phase, therefore farther studies on this phenomena' are required in the design analysis. 8. The finite element computer program (ANALYS) was used for displacement analysis of pavement containing the cement-treated layer, The result showed that the program used for this analysis was proved to be usable.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.16D no.3
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• pp.441-450
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• 2009

This paper describes the design and implementation of Personal Mobile Broadcasting Service which bases on embedded Linux and it supports personal broadcasting in wireless network environments. Recently, with the advent of various wireless networks and the increased use of high performance mobile devices, the demand for personal mobile broadcasting is being increased. The personal mobile broadcasting service makes it possible that mobile users create contents using their own mobile devices while they are moving or they are in any place. And then, it sends the created contents to server in real-time where their blogs are. Users connected to the content creator's blog can play the contents in real-time. With the implemented personal mobile broadcasting service, mobile users can share multimedia contents in real-time through wireless networks. And, it also helps users to construct their own broadcasting stations where they can broadcast the scene of the accident or public performance in real-time.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.374-384
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• 2020

Two experiments were conducted to determine apparent metabolizable energy (AME), nitrogen-corrected AME (AMEn), and ileal digestible amino acid (AA) content of brown rice (BR) and to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of BR on laying performance and egg quality of laying hens. In Exp. 1, 72 Hy-line Brown layers (49-week-old) were allocated to two treatments using a completely randomized block design, and each treatment included six cages per treatment and six hens per cage. A semi-purified diet was formulated to include BR as the sole source of AA and energy and an N-free diet was used to determine basal endogenous loss of AA. The hens were fed a commercial layer diet for adaptation to the experimental environment and diet for 7 days from d 0, and then fed experimental diets for 5 days from d 7. Excreta were collected from d 10 to 11 and ileal digesta were collected on d 12. On a dry matter (DM) basis, the AME and AMEn of BR was determined at 3,773 and 3,729 kcal/kg, respectively. The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of BR ranged from 32.7% for Thr to 73.7% for Arg. The range of the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) value was between 79.4% for Met and 96.6% for Lys. In Exp. 2, 252 Hy-line Brown layers (44-week-old) were divided into four groups, comprising seven replicates of nine birds each and assigned to four experimental diets containing 0 (Control), 5%, 10%, or 15% BR for 5 weeks. The BR-containing diets were formulated to be equal in the content of AMEn and digestible AA to those of the diet without BR. No significant differences were observed in laying performances. Egg quality and blood profiles were not linearly or quadratically affected by dietary treatments. These results suggest that up to 15% BR can be included into layer feed without any adverse effects on laying performance and egg quality, if its energy and digestible AA values are well evaluated.