• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.277-285
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to quantitatively and empirically investigate whether cartoon-realism, which is referred to as a guideline for avoiding the uncanny valley phenomenon, is actually effective. An experiment was carried out to investigate whether or not methods that try to realistically express the texture of human skin while making 3D models whose outward appearance abstract like a cartoon actually reduce the negative sentiments associated with the uncanny valley phenomenon. The results found that when human skin textures were applied to cartoon-type 3D models, the degree of eeriness significantly increased (p<0.05), while there was no change in the degree of human likeness. When cartoon-style skin textures were applied to human-type 3D models, there was no significant difference in the degree of eeriness, but the degree of human likeness significantly decreased (p<0.05). These results show that, cartoon realism is not actually effective, and rather creates a perceptual conflict and induces the uncanny valley phenomenon. The results of this study are expected to be used as quantitative and empirical data for developing design guidelines that will overcome the uncanny valley phenomenon in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.85-92
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• 2019

A 3D virtual character playing a role in a digital story-telling has a unique style in its appearance and motion. Because the style reflects the unique personality of the character, it is very important to preserve the style and keep its consistency. However, when the character's motion is directly controlled by a user's motion who is wearing motion sensors, the unique style can be discarded. We present a novel character motion control method that uses only a small amount of animation data created only for the character to preserve the style of the character motion. Instead of machine learning approaches requiring a large amount of training data, we suggest a search-based method, which directly searches the most similar character pose from the animation data to the current user's pose. To show the usability of our method, we conducted our experiments with a character model and its animation data created by an expert designer for a virtual reality game. To prove that our method preserves well the original motion style of the character, we compared our result with the result obtained by using general human motion capture data. In addition, to show the scalability of our method, we presented experimental results with different numbers of motion sensors.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.796-800
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• 2009

Currently, there are many software tools that can generate 3D human figure models and animations based on the advancement of computer graphics technology. However, we still have problems in interoperability of human data models in different applications because common data models do not exist. To address this issue, the Web3D Consortium and the ISO/IEC JTC1 SC24 WG6 have developed the H-Anim standard. However, H-Anim does not include human motion data formats although it defines the structure of a human figure. This research is intended to obtain interoperable human animation by defining the data for human motions in H- Anim figures. In this paper, we describe a syntactic method to define motion data for the H-Anim figure and its implementation. In addition, we describe a method of specifying motion parameters necessary for generating animations by using an arbitrary character model data set created by a general graphics tool.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.1128-1141
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• 2009

Graphical expressions are continuously improving, spurred by the astonishing growth of the game technology industry. Despite such improvements, users are still demanding a more natural gaming environment and true reflections of human emotions. In real life, people can read a person's moods from facial color and expression. Hence, interactive facial colors in game characters provide a deeper level of reality. In this paper we propose a facial color adaptive technique, which is a combination of an emotional model based on human emotion theory, emotional expression pattern using colors of animation contents, and emotional reaction speed function based on human personality theory, as opposed to past methods that expressed emotion through blood flow, pulse, or skin temperature. Experiments show this of expression of the Facial Color Model based on facial color adoptive technique and expression of the animation contents is effective in conveying character emotions. Moreover, the proposed Facial Color Adaptive Technique can be applied not only to 2D games, but to 3D games as well.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.21-27
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• 1999

This paper introduces the research and development of automatic generation technology to develop the character agent. The R&D of this technology includes three major elements-body model generation, automatic motion generation and synthetic human generation. Main areas of application would by cyber space- 3D game, animation, virtual shopping, on line chatting, virtual education system, simulation and security system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.325-326
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• 2008

서비스 로봇은 인간과 상호 교감을 하기 때문에 감성기반 인터렉션을 가지고 있어야 한다. 그리고 로봇이 인지하는 상황과 환경이 같을지라도 감정 기반 행동 결정 모델의 출력이 달라질수 있도록 한다. 이는 설계하고자 하는 감정 기반 행동 결정 모델의 특성을 변화함으써 해결하고자 하며, 감정 모델의 특성은 성격을 의미한다. 따라서 사람과 같이 성격을 달리함으로써 로봇이 감정을 느끼고 이에 따른 반응을 행동으로 옮길 때, 성격을 반영한 결과를 보이게 된다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 감정 엔진 모델은 reaction dynamics와 internal dynamics, emotional dynamics, behavior dynamics, 성격 등의 다섯 가지 요소로 구성되어 있다. 모든 dynamics는 성격에 영향을 받아 결과를 출력한다. 실험을 위하여 시뮬레이터를 구현하여 성능을 검증하고, 실제 로봇에 적용하기 위하여 3D 캐릭터기반의 헤드 로봇 시스템을 사용하였다.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.107-114
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• 2017

As to talk about computer aided 3D modeling, it can be conformed to the popular aesthetics based theory of heightening the organizing useful visual information. This thesis heightens the formativeness of the 3D modeling from the angle of the Gestalt psychology and attempts a finding of a method as also explains among the grouping laws of Gestalt. They are the definitions and the special features of 'The Law of Proximity', 'The Law of Similarity', 'The Law of Closure', 'The Law of Continuity', etc. And, through a logical, theoretical analysis, the relationships between such laws are found out. And the case examples of the uses of such laws in the 3D animation character designs and the situation in which such laws are applied to the things in the actual lives are analyzed. If it is intended to improve the formativeness of the 3D model forms, the rules of the simplicity, the safety, and the symmetry must be pursued according to the visual recognitions of the human beings. Because the actual objects are seen and touched, other than the visual pursuits by the human beings, the functionalities and the practicalities of the objects must be considered.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.224-230
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• 2016

The use of new words, numerous spoken languages, and abbreviations on the Internet is extensive. As such, automatically acquiring words for the purpose of analyzing Internet content is very difficult. In a previous study, we proposed a method for Japanese word segmentation using character N-grams. The previously proposed method is based on a simple state-transition model that is established under the assumption that the input document is described based on four states (denoted as A, B, C, and D) specified beforehand: state A represents words (nouns, verbs, etc.); state B represents statement separators (punctuation marks, conjunctions, etc.); state C represents postpositions (namely, words that follow nouns); and state D represents prepositions (namely, words that precede nouns). According to this state-transition model, based on the states applied to each pseudo-word, we search the document from beginning to end for an accessible pattern. In other words, the process of this transition detects some words during the search. In the present paper, we perform experiments based on the proposed word acquisition algorithm using Japanese and Chinese newspaper articles. These articles were obtained from Japan's Kyoto University and the Chinese People's Daily. The proposed method does not depend on the language structure. If text documents are expressed in Unicode the proposed method can, using the same algorithm, obtain words in Japanese and Chinese, which do not contain spaces between words. Hence, we demonstrate that the proposed method is language independent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.790-792
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 3차원 온라인 필기의 효과적인 인식 방법을 제안한다. 3차원 필기 시 pen-up/pen-down 정보의 구분이 없이 입력하도록 하여 사용자가 편리하게 필기하도록 하고 구분의 부정확함으로 인해 발생하는 오류를 줄인다. 또한, 기존의 2차원 필기 인식 모델을 개선하여 3차원 필기 데이터의 특성을 반영하게 함으로써 경제적이며 안정적인 인식이 가능하다. 실험 결과 제안된 인식 방법을 통해 pen-up/pen-down 정보의 구분이 없는 3차원 필기 숫자에 대해 $91.6\%$의 인식 성능을 얻었으며, 특히 인식 모델의 개선을 통해 여러획으로 이루어진 글자의 경우 높은 인식 성능의 향상을 보임을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1015-1016
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• 2008

In this paper, the method which searchs a character of face and transforms it by FACS(Facial Action Coding System) for face modeling is suggested. FACS has a function to build an expression of face to AUs(Action Units) and make various face expressions. The system performs to find accurate Action Units of sample face and use setted AUs. Consequently it carries out the coefficient for transforming face model by 2D AUs matching.