• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.335-341
• /
• 2018

With the improvement of medical state, patients' expectations for the most advanced medical equipment are increasing. Particularly, Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) is used as one of the core image diagnosis methods in all clinical area. However, it has been reported that many of patients who go through the examination suffer from anxiety to the severe noise level during the examination. In this study, both the noise reduction evaluation of headsets with sound-blocking materials added to existing sound-absorbing materials and the existence of sound blocking materials as artifacts on the examination image are tested. An MRI test noise is recorded as a speaker by cross-ordination the sound material (sponge) and the sound material (acrylic plate, copper plate, and 3D copper plate) inside the headset made from 3D pring. A quantitative assessment of headsets showed that the average headset value was 81.8 dB. The average dB value of the most soundproof material combination(Copper, acrylic plate, sponge, sponge) headsets on headsets with added charactering material was measured at 70.4 dB, and MRI showed that the copper was diamagnetic substance and excluded. The second most soundproof headset(Sponge, acrylic plate, 3D copper plate, sponge) was measured at 70.6 dB and MRI showed no artifacts. The same simulation of the material printed with a 3D copper PLA containing approximately 40 % copper powder resulted in no artifacts, therefore, the material output as a 3D printing was better suited for use. For MRI related research, the mutual development of 3D printing is highly anticipated.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.17-28
• /
• 2012

Recent development of 3D technologies made it possible that observers perceive 3D depth from two dimensional images. Despite this kind of technological development, when observers watch 3D display they experience 3D visual fatigue that they do not usually experience in real life. It is critical to measure visual fatigue in order to overcome the problem of 3D visual fatigue. The purpose of the present study was to develop a protocol to measure 3D visual fatigue based on an EEG signal and to examine its validity. The first experiment explored the possible ERP components that reflected visual fatigue in 2D and 3D conditions. The second experiment examined whether the feature of the component found in the first experiment was affected by the amount of binocular disparity. Both in Cz and Pz channels, the peak amplitude of P3 component was much lower in 3D rather than in 2D conditions, and it decreased as the amount of binocular disparity increased. The subjective 3D visual fatigue also increased with the amount of binocular disparity. These results imply that the peak amplitude of P3 component at Cz and Pz channels can be used as an index of 3D visual fatigue.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.14 no.7
• /
• pp.975-980
• /
• 2020

Cervical neural foraminal stenosis is a very common spinal disease that affects a relatively large number of people of all ages. However, since imaging methods that quantitatively provide neural foraminal stenosis are lacking, this study attempts to present quantitative measurement results by reconstructing 3D computed tomography images. Using a 3D reconstruction software, the surrounding bones were removed, including the spinous process, transverse process, and lamina of the cervical spine so that the neural foramen were well observed. Using Image J, a region of interest including the neural foramen area of the 3D image was set, and the number of pixels of the neural foramen area was measured. The neural foramen area was calculated by multiplying the number of measured pixels by the pixel size. In order to measure the widest area of the neural foramen, it was measured between 40-50 degrees in the opposite direction and 15-20 degrees toward the head. The measured cervical neural foramen area showed consistent measurement values. The largest measured area of the right neural foramen C5-6 was 12.21 ㎟, and after 2 years, the area was measured to be 9.95 ㎟, indicating that 18% stenosis had progressed. Since 3D reconstruction using axial CT scan images, no additional radiation exposure is required, and the area of stenosis can be objectively presented. In addition, it is good to explain to patients with neural stenosis while viewing 3D images, and it is considered a good method to be used in the evaluation of the progression of stenosis and post-operative evaluation.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.79-92
• /
• 2023

Objective : This study aimed to assess the reliability of a three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis program for measuring the range of motion (ROM) of wrist and finger joints. Methods : The study recruited 50 people who had no restrictions on wrist and finger movements, understood the purpose of this study, and agreed to participate. Using a goniometer and a 3D motion analysis program, a total of 11 wrist and finger ROM were measured once each. To measure the reliability of the 3D motion analysis program, the degree of agreement and inconsistency of the measured values were compared. Results : Analysis of the degree of agreement of the measured values revealed that 38 out of 44 items showed a very high degree of agreement. Regarding analysis of inconsistency in the measured values, inconsistencies were found in three items. Conclusion : The results of this study confirmed that the ROM of the joint could be measured using the 3D motion analysis program applied in this study. In addition, it might be expected that the 3D motion analysis program would be used in various clinical fields owing to the advantages of measurement convenience and accuracy.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.19 no.8
• /
• pp.119-127
• /
• 2014

TIn this paper, Hemiplegic patients have gait characteristics different from normal persons. This paper presents a posture measuring and display system reflecting their characteristics. Patients wear 3 sensor modules on thigh, calf and foot. To enhance measuring precision of each sensor module, 3D accelerometer and 3D gyroscope are combined. Gait posture is displayed in 3D by modeling thigh, calf and foot as connected 3D objects based on data of the sensor modules. For convenience in inspecting unusual gait posture of hemiplegic patients, any view angle of the 3D display can be selected. In addition, the current gait phase of RLA(Rancho Los Amigos) gait cycle is determined and displayed in real-time by utilizing the posture information, The phase sequence and duration of each phase can be used in evaluating gait quality of patients.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.100-103
• /
• 2010

Purpose: $^{18}F$-FDG wholebody PET is to evaluate the tumor using glucose metabolism. The blood glucose level is important factor that affects on a result of examination. High glucose levels may interfere with tumor targeting due to competitive inhibition of FDG uptake by D-glucose. The blood glucose level measurement test strips used in the blood glucose measurement are classified into the capillary blood measurement test strips and general purpose measurement test strips that can measure the venous blood and capillary blood altogether depends on cases. The purpose of the study was to compare the blood glucose measurements between simultaneously obtained capillary and venous blood samples using the capillary blood measurement test strips, general purpose measurement test strips. Materials and Methods: A total of 46 subjects (32 males, 14 females) with a mean age of $57.3{\pm}12.3$ years were enrolled. The blood glucose estimation was performed with a Optium Xceed Glucometer (Abbott). Simultaneous capillary and venous blood samples were obtained from each subject. The blood glucose levels were measured using the capillary blood measurement test strips and general purpose measurement test strips. The capillary and venous measurements were compared using a pared t-test. Results: The mean capillary and venous glucose values using the general purpose measurement test strips were $95.2{\pm}12.4$ mg/dL and $104.1{\pm}14.4$ mg/dL, giving a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) between the mean values for the capillary and venous glucose samples (9.0 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval (CI) -11.2 to -6.7). The mean capillary and venous glucose values using the capillary blood measurement test strips were $91.5{\pm}13.6$ mg/dL and $108.6{\pm}16.2$ mg/dL, giving a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) between the mean values for the capillary and venous glucose samples (16.6 mg/dL; 95% CI -20.2 to -13.0). Conclusion: When measuring the blood glucose level before $^{18}F$-FDG PET examination, since the incorrect blood glucose level can be measured, it should note to measure the blood glucose level of the venous blood by the capillary blood measurement test strips. Therefore the measurement variation can be reduced to fulfill the standardized measurement procedure with the suitable measurement test strips, the preparation of the PET examination will be able to be clearly confirmed. In addition, the standardized procedure of the following measurement on the area which is same at all times the blood area in the blood glucose measurement among a capillary or a vein will be needed.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.1347-1358
• /
• 2011

This study purposed to analyze differences in body measurement between the 2D direct body measuring method and the 3D body scan measuring method and to perform the appearance evaluation and cross-sectional evaluation of the fit of pants to which body measurements obtained by each measuring method were applied. Body measuring was conducted in 10 women in their 20s-30s using 2D direct body measuring and 3D automatic measuring with Hamamatsu body scanner. Among the 10 women, 3 participated in experimental garment wearing. Experimental pants were made using their 2D direct body measurements and 3D automatic measurements, and wearing tests were performed through expert evaluation and cross-sectional evaluation. The results of the experiment were as follows. According to the results of comparative analysis on differences between 2D direct body measurements and 3D scan measurements, 3D automatic measurements were significantly larger in bust circumference, ankle circumference, armscye circumference, shoulder length, scye depth, and arm length. As circumferences measured with the 3D body scanner were somewhat larger than directly measured ones, it is suggested to adjust ease when using existing pattern making methods. We prepared experimental garments by the same pattern making method through applying body measurements obtained with the two measuring methods, and assessed the fit of the garment comparatively through expert evaluation and 3D scan cross-sectional evaluation. According to the results, 2D-pants using 2D direct body measurements was slightly tighter than 3D-pants using 3D measurements in waist circumference, hip circumference, and abdominal circumference. In the results of comparing appearance in terms of the fit of the experimental garment in each subject, significant difference was observed in most of the compared items. This result suggests that 3D automatic body measuring data may show different accuracy according to body shape and therefore it is necessary to examine difference between 2D direct body measurements and 3D automatic measurements according to body shape.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.119-124
• /
• 2017

The waviness of Large Discontinuity rock is the one of important elements that judges the stability of rock slope. When the waviness of large discontinuity is measured in the field, there are many limitations Therefore this research was carried out to measure waviness of large rock discontinuities using 3D laser scanner to supplement this problem. This research established one 3D model that actual X, Y and Z coordinates through the integrated data gained from one that calculates waviness of base lock using CAD program was compared and analyzed to that of disc-clinometer. As its results, the high reliability of results could be recognized as it belongs to mechanical tolerance $1{\sim}2^{\circ}$ and the results belong to the measured values of Mean DIP and Mean are all within $1^{\circ}$. So, the investigation method of waviness of large discontinuity rock face using 3D laser scanner was verified as more prompt, effective and reliable method than conventional direct site measuring method.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.11 no.10
• /
• pp.731-736
• /
• 2013

Recently attention deficit of children has caused various social problems. Those children who has symptoms like ADHD (Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) has to be provided with methods which can enhance their attention level in a child-friendly way such as 3D games. This paper shows a research on how to measure the level of attention for attention deficit children using their favorite 3D games. Firstly, we speculated on the methods about attention measurement used in the medical area. And then we searched measurement variables which can effectively evaluate the level of attention during a game play time. Secondly, we have conducted experiment whether there exists difference about the value of the measurement variables between the two groups, normal children group and attention deficit children group. Those variables are omission error, commission error, average response time, and standard deviation of response time. Though our experiment has only been limited to visual attention level, four measurement variables revealed mutual differences.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2021.06a
• /
• pp.213-213
• /
• 2021

한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원은 하천 및 해안분야의 다양한 수리모형실험을 수행할 수 있는 대형 수리모형실험 시설을 2018년에 구축완료하였다. 국내 최대 규모의 실험장뿐만 아니라 첨단 광학용 계측장비(PIV 및 LDV 시스템)를 연계한 전용실험수로, 대형유사실험수로 등 7종의 기능별 실험수로를 갖추고 있어 다양한 수리현상 분석을 수행할 수 있다. 최근에는 산사태의 주요 원인중 하나인 토석류 실험, 방조제 주변의 침·퇴적 실험 등을 수행하였으며, 본 연구에서는 3D 지형스캐너를 활용한 방조제 주변의 지형변동 수리모형실험에 대하여 소개를 하고자 한다. 방조제는 조수가 육지쪽으로 밀려들어와 내부개발지역이나 농지 등을 해수로부터 보호하기 위해 설치되는 외곽시설이다. 이러한 방조제 전면의 빠른 유속에 의한 침식은 배후지의 안전에 상당히 큰 문제를 야기시킨다. 방조제의 침식을 방지하기 위하여 방조제 전면에 수제공을 설치하여 수제공과 수제공 사이의 느려진 유속에 의해 방조제 전면에 토사를 퇴적시키는 방법이 있다. 본 연구에서는 방조제 전면에 수제공의 길이를 달리 설치하여 수제공 주변의 침·퇴적현상을 이동상 실험을 수행하여 분석하였다. 일반적으로 토사의 침·퇴적고를 계측하는 방법으로 일정한 격자망을 구성하여 각 지점별로 실험 전·후의 토사의 표고차를 수작업으로 계측한다. 이 경우는 실험자가 직접 측정하는 계측오차가 발생하게 되고 측정할 수 있는 지점의 수가 한계가 있어 전체적인 토사의 변화양상을 분석하기엔 어려움이 있다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 농어촌연구원이 보유하고 있는 3D 지형스캐너를 활용하여 토사의 표고차를 측정하였다. 실험에 사용한 3D 지형스캐너의 최대 측정거리는 스캐너가 설치된 중심점으로부터 반경 80m에 해당하며, 해상도는 1.6mm~50mm의 범위로 수작업으로 격자망을 구성하여 측정하는 것보다 상당히 높은 수준의 결과를 취득할 수 있으며 계측시간을 단축할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 하지만, 펄스레이저에 의한 지형스캔 방식은 수면과 같이 레이저가 투과할 수 없는 경우에는 계측이 불가능하며, 어두운 계열의 색을 스캔하는 경우 결과 분석에 주의할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 이동상 재료로 안트라사이트(검은색)를 포설하였고, 검은색 계열의 실험사에도 3D 지형스캐너가 우수한 결과를 제공하는 것을 확인하였다.