• Fibers and Polymers
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.116-121
• /
• 2000

It has been considered that malic acid, $\alpha$-hydroky succinic acid, could not form crosslinks in the cellulosic materials unless activated by other polycarboxylic acids such as butanetetracarboxylic acid or citric acid because there are only two carboxylic acids per molecule available fur the formation of one anhydride intermediate. However we found that the dicarboxylic malic acid with sodium hypophosphite catalyst without the addition of other crosslinkers was able to improve wrinkle resistance of cotton up to $294^{\circ}$(dry WRA) and $285^{\circ}$ (wet WRA), which is a measure of crosslinking level in cotton. $^1$H FT-NMR, FT-IR and GPC analysis indicated the in-situ formation of an trimeric $\alpha$, $\beta$-rnalic acid with a composition of 1:3 through the esterification between hydroxyl group and one of carboxylic groups in malic acid during curing. The crosslinking of cotton was attributed to the trimeric $\alpha$, $\beta$-malic acid, a tetracarboxylic acid, which can form two anhydride rings during curing. The influence of crosslinking conditions such as concentrations of malic acid and catalyst, pH of the formulation bath, and curing temperature were investigated in terms of imparted wrinkle resistance and whiteness. The addition of reactive polyurethane resin in the formulation slightly increased the mechanical strength retention of crosslinked fabric coupled with additional increase in wrinkle resistance.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.367-375
• /
• 2011

숙신산 에스테르 유도체는 방청성능 및 윤활성능이 우수하여 금속가공유 및 유압작동유 등의 첨가제로 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 광유계 윤활기유의 방청제로 사용하기 위하여 알킬 무수 숙신산과 여러 가지 지방 알콜과의 개환반응을 행하여 카르복실 그룹과 에스테르 그룹을 동시에 함유하는 숙신산 알킬 하프-에스테르 유도체를 97% 이상의 수율로 합성하였으며 1 중량% 농도범위에서 광유계 오일에 잘 용해되었다. 합성 유도체는 $^1H-NMR$ 및 FT-IR 스펙트럼으로 구조를 확인하였으며, GC 분석을 통하여 화합물의 순도를 확인하였다. 또한, 합성 유도체의 해수에 대한 방청성능을 ASTM D665 표준방법과 무게 중량법으로 평가하여 카르복실산 그룹을 함유하지 않는 숙신산 알킬 에스테르 유도체와 비교하였다. 방청성능 평가 결과, 합성 유도체의 농도가 증가하고 분자 내에 포함된 알킬기의 사슬이 짧을수록 상대적으로 방청성능이 우수하였으며 비교물질인 숙신산 알킬 에스테르 유도체는 방청성능을 전혀 나타내지 않았다. 무게 중량법으로 평가한 80 중량ppm 농도를 첨가한 오일의 방청효율 % (IE%)는 알킬기의 사슬이 짧을수록 높은 값을 나타내어 최고 95% 이상이었다. 또한, 발청속도(Corrosion rate, CR)는 알킬기의 사슬이 짧을수록 낮은 값을 나타내어 80 중량ppm에서 최고 0.3 mm/year 이하를 나타내었다. 즉, 숙신산 알킬 하프-에스테르 유도체의 해수에 대한 방청성능은 분자 내에 함유되어 있는 카르복실산 그룹으로 인하여 나타나는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.257-260
• /
• 1972

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국응용약물학회 1993년도 제2회 신약개발 연구발표회 초록집
• /
• pp.127-127
• /
• 1993

작약의 메타놀에기스를 작용성분을 추적하면서 분리하였으며 EtOAc 분획으로부터 gallic acid methylester(GA-1) 및 paeonoldmf 혈소판 응집억제 작용 물질로서 분리하였으며 Paeonol은 혈소판 응집억제 작용이 이비 보고된바 있다. GA-1은 오가피로부터 혈소판 응집억제 작용물질로서 분리된 DBA-1과 구조적으로 매우 유사하며 혈소판 응집억제 작용물질로서 알려진 aspirin의 구조와 유사하다. Platelet aggregometer을 이용하여 DBA 및 GA analogs 13종(DBA-1-10 및 GA-1-3)들이 ADP 또는 collagen에 의하여 유도된 혈소판 응집에 대하여 억제작용을 보이는가를 검색하였다. 이들중 aspirin과 유사하게 억제작용을 보인 DBA-1-3-7-9-10, GA-3 및 paeonol에 대하여 mouse를 이용한 in vivotlfgja을 시행하였다. 즉 endotoxin 또는 collagen 과 epinephrine을 정맥주사하여 intravascular thrombosis를 일으켜 혈소판수를 감소시키며 이때 이들 물질들의 혈소판 감소 억제효과를 관찰하였다. 대조약물로서 사용한 aspirin은 collagen과 epinephrine에 의한 혈소판 감소를 현저히 억제한 반면 endotoxin에 의한 혈소판 감소에는 효과가 없었다. DBA-9, -10, GA-3 및 paeonol은 endotoxin에 의한 혈소판감소에 대하여 약한 억제효과를 보였으며, 검색시료 전부가 collagen과 epinephrine에 의한 혈소판 감소에는 aspirin보다 작용이 적었으나, DBA-10, GA-3 및 paeonol은 현저하게 억제효과 있었다. 또한 collagen과 epinephrine 동시 투여에 의한 치사 실험에서는 DBAD-7, GA-3 및 paeonol이 aspirin과 같거나 강한 사망 억제 효과가 있었다.cyclopropyl-7-(2-furanyl) -6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 4), 1-cyclopropyl-7-(2-thiophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 6) ,1-cyclopropyl-7-(3-pyridinyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 8), 1-cyclopropyl-7-(2-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 10)를 합성하였다.10^{－7}$ M)에 의한 단백인산화에 대하여는 더 미약한 억제-효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과는 PDE-1과 항우울약들의 항혈소판작용은 PKC-기질인 41-43 kD와 20 kD의 인산화를 억제함에 기인되는 것으로 사료된다.다. 것으로 사료된다.다.바와 같이 MCl에서 작은 Dv 값을 갖는데, 이것은 CdCl$_{4}$$^{2-}$ 착이온을 형성하거나 ZnCl$_{4}$$^{2-}$ , ZnCl$_{3}$$^{-}$같은 이온과 MgCl$^{+}$, MgCl$_{2}$같은 이온종을 형성하기 때문인것 같다. 한편 어떠한 용리액에서던지 NH$_{4}$$^{+}$의 경우 Dv값이 제일 작았다. 바. 본 연구의 목적중의 하나인 인체유해 중금속이온인 Hg(II), Cd(II)등이 NaCl같은 염화물이 함유된 시료용액에 공해이온으로 존재할 경우 흡착에 의한 제거가

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.376-379
• /
• 1990

To find out a correlation between antibacterial activity and physical properties of 7-substituted 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, dipole moments, charge distributions, and hydrophobicities were calculated. The atomic charges and the dipole moments to not give any correlations with inhibition of DNA gyrase, but the calculated hydration free energies show some correlations.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.538-542
• /
• 1990

New aminothiazolyl cephalosporins with alkoxyiminomethyl(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)acetyl substituents at 7-position of cephems were synthesized starting from (2-aminothiazol-4-yl)acetate via one carbon homologation followed by acylation with 7-aminoceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid derivatives. These new aminothiazolyl cephalosporins exhibit promising in vitro activities against various strains including Gram positive bacteria.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.264-269
• /
• 1987

Various carbocation-mediated cyclizations to tricyclene structure (basically, tricyclo $[2,2,1,0^{2,6}]$ heptane skeleton) were carried out, starting from protonated species of either 3-methyl-2,5-norbornadiene-2-carboxylic acid (10) or 3-methylene-5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acids (18 and 19). The resulting products were individually converted to ${\pi}$-iodotricyclene (35), a pivotal intermediate in almost all syntheses of tricyclene terpenes.

• Genes and Genomics
• /
• 제40권11호
• /
• pp.1237-1248
• /
• 2018

Introduction Cellulose microfibril is a major cell wall polymer that plays an important role in the growth and development of plants. The gene cellulose synthase A (CesA), encoding cellulose synthases, is involved in the synthesis of cellulose microfibrils. However, the regulatory mechanism of CesA gene expression is not well understood, especially during the early developmental stages. Objective To identify factor(s) that regulate the expression of CesA genes and ultimately control seedling growth and development. Methods The presence of cis-elements in the promoter region of the eight CesA genes identified in flax (Linum usitatissimum L. 'Nike') seedlings was verified, and three kinds of ethylene-responsive cis-elements were identified in the promoters. Therefore, the effect of ethylene on the expression of four selected CesA genes classified into Clades 1 and 6 after treatment with $10^{-4}$ and $10^{-3}M$ 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) was examined in the hypocotyl of 4-6-day-old flax seedlings. Results ACC-induced ethylene either up- or down-regulated the expression of the CesA genes depending on the clade to which these genes belonged, age of seedlings, part of the hypocotyl, and concentration of ACC. Conclusion Ethylene might be one of the factors regulating the expression of CesA genes in flax seedlings.

• 한국분말재료학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.256-260
• /
• 2007

The surface of magnetite ($Fe_{3}O_{4}$) nanoparticles prepared by coprecipitation method was modified by carboxylic acid group of poly(3-thiophenacetic acid (3TA)) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). Then the lysozyme protein was immobilized on the carboxylic acid group of the modification of the magnetite nanoparticles. The magnetite nanoparticles are spherical and the particle size is approximately 10 nm. We measured quantitative dispersion state by dispersion stability analyzer for each $Fe_{3}O_{4}$ nanoparticles with and without surface modification. The concentration of lysozyme on the modified magnetite nanoparticles was also investigated by a UV-Vis spectrometer and compared to that of magnetite nanoparticles without surface modification. The functionalized magnetite particles had higher enzymatic capacity and dispersion stability than non-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제13권2_3호
• /
• pp.67-70
• /
• 1969

Gall duct cannulated rats were given daphnetin, umbelliferone, 4-hydroxy-coumarin, dicoumarol, 4,7-dihydroxycoumarin, 4,7-dimethyl-5-hydroxy-coumarin, coumarin-3-carboxylic acid, cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid by duodenal catheter at room temperature and output of bile flow was detected. All of the subjected compounds in this experiment indicated a significant effect on the biliary elimination except cinnamic acid alone. It is suggested that a relationship exists between chemical pattern and biological activity for coumarin derivatives and their precursors, and that the choleretic activity of these compounds requires hydroxylated cinnamic acid structure as the most fundamental chemical pattern.