• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2014

Purpose of this study was a development of a sprayer arm auto control system that could be operated according to distance from pear trees for automation of pest control. Auto control system included two parts, hardware and software. First, controller was made with an MCU and relay switches. Two types of ultra-sonic sensors were installed to measure distance from pear trees: one on/off type that detect up to 3 m, and the other continuous type providing 0~5 V output corresponding to distance of 0~3 m. Second, an auto control algorithm was developed to control. Each spraying arm was controlled according to the sensor-based distance from the pear trees. And it could dodge obstacles to protect itself. Max and min signal values were eliminated, when five sensor signals was collected, and then signals were averaged to reduce sensor's noises. According to results of field experiment, auto control test result was better than non auto control test result. Spraying rates were 69.25% (left line) and 98.09% (right line) under non auto control mode, because pear trees were not planted uniformly. But, auto control test's results were 92.66% (left line) and 94.64% (right line). Spraying rate was increased by maintaining distance from tree.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.34.1-34.1
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• 2010

Studies suggest that activities in luminous AGNs, residing mostly in early-type galaxies, are triggered by merging. However, the observational evidence for the connection between mergers and AGN activity is not clear yet because tracer of the past merging activities such as tidal tail, shell are often too faint. To see if we can reveal the merging features with a small telescope, we observed an AGN, MARK 478, at z=0.077 with long exposure time (7550 seconds) in V filter at Maidanak observatory. Our 2-D fitting analysis shows that the host galaxy of MARK 478 has the bulge to the total luminosity ratio of 0.3. And the residual image, after subtracting point spread function (PSF), bulge and disk components, shows that the host galaxy has an arm-like feature that could be a spiral arm or a feature from minor merging. We also show that the structural parameters obtained from our 2-D fitting match well with those derived from HST image. The promising result suggests that studies of low redshift AGN host galaxies are possible with data from a small telescope. In order to allow a statistical analysis, we hope to expand our sample size in future.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was performed to identify the effects of high frequency therapy on localized obesity. Methods : This trial was carried out in 12 volunteers. Volunteers were divided into 3 groups; upper arm group (n=4), thigh group (n=4) and abdomen group (n=4) according to local obesity type. Body weight and body fat were measured by Inbody 720 and CT (Computed Tomography) immediately before and following high frequency therapy. Diathermy was performed twice a week for 4 weeks for a total of 8 treatments. Results : In the upper arm group, body weight, body fat mass, fat area by CT scan and circumference were increased after treatment but not significantly (p>0.05). In the thigh group, body weight, body fat mass and circumference were decreased and fat area by CT scan was increased but both not significantly (p>0.05). In the abdomen group, significant differences were not found despite decreases in body weight, body fat mass, visceral fat and subcutaneous fat after diathermy (p>0.05). Conclusions : There was no significant effects of high frequency therapy on localized obesity.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.168-174
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• 2017

To improve and downsize the KIOM-Pulse Analysis System(KIOM-PAS), which has been traditionally used in clinical trials, a miniaturized PAS(M-PAS) with a pneumatic pump has been developed. M-PAS is composed of a measurement module and an arm-mounting module, on which an arm can be placed. The measurement module is equipped with a pressing component and sensor, which is a wearable wristband. The arm-mounting module includes a pneumatic motor, data acquisition board and valves. In addition, the measurement module is divided into a fixing module of band type for attachment to a pulsation site and a sensing module, which includes a sensor and a tube. The fixing module and sensing module are constructed independently, and the detachable fastening method improves the posture convenience of the subject during measurement. M-PAS has been reduced to 1/6 the size of KIOM-PAS, and the measurement time is shortened by 22%. Using a simulator, the difference between the waveforms measured by the two devices exhibited a high degree of similarity of within 3.65%. M-PAS represents improvements in size and convenience compared with KIOM-PAS, and it is expected to be widely used in clinics in the future because it improves the attachment method of the fixing module.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.246-252
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• 2000

Stellite 12 alloy-powder was overlaid on 410 stainless steel valve seat using plasma transferred arc(PTA) process. Variation of characteristic of microstructure and hardness of deposit with current(90~150 A) and preheat temperature(R.T.~$400^{\circ}C$) was investigated. Important conclusion obtained are as follows; All welding conditions used produced a sound deposit layer with no defect in single pass welding. The maximum deposit had 4.0~4.8 mm in thickness and its bead width was increased with increase of current and preheat temperature. The deposit showed hypoeutectic microstruture, which was consisting of primary cobalt dendrite and networked $M_7C_3$ type eutectic carbides. The amount of eutectic carbides was decreased and its dendritic secondary arm spacing was increased with increase of current. Hardness of the deposit was decreased with increase of current. Preheat temperature up to $400^{\circ}C$, however, showed little influence on the hardness and microstructure. The hardness was also influenced by diluted Fe content near the interface in addition to microstructure and dendritic secondary arm spacing. Hot hardness at $500^{\circ}C$ showed higher than 300 HV.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.222-230
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• 2008

This paper introduces a method of estimating the knee joint moment developed during MVC. By combining the Hill-type muscle model and analytic results on moment arm and musculotendon length change as a function of hip and knee joint angle, the knee joint moment at a specific knee joint angle during MVC is determined. Many differences between the estimated results and the experimental data are noted. It is believed that these differences originate from inaccurate information on the muscle-tendon parameters. The establishment of exact values for the subject's muscle parameters is almost impossible task. However, sensitivity analysis shows that the tendon slack length is the most critical parameter when applying the Hill-type muscle model. The effect of a change of this parameter on the muscle length force relationship is analyzed in detail.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.19-25
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• 2010

We developed a RFID terminal to voice guide the blind who have difficulties in reaching out to the pharmaceutical information. In this work, we used RFID technology to instruct the pharmaceutical information to the blind. The voice guidance reader was made to read the RFID tag attached to the drugs and announced the pharmaceutical information matching to the tag specific ID. We had the reader to obtain the pharmaceutical information from the ezDrug site operated by Korea Food & Drug Association. The voice guidance reader was fabricated as necklace type for the easy carry, and we added mp3 player as dual uses. ARM series Cortex M3 chip was used for the reader's core chip and low power MFRC523 chipset of NXP was used to construct RFID circuit. MFRC523 chip uses low power to meet the mobile application. We used VS1003B MP3 Decoder IC to make the voice generation circuit and CC2500 chipset for the wireless communication to the pharmaceutical information server. We also developed the system that can support ISO 14443A type and ISO 14443B type so that the system can be used to extend to various RFID protocols. Utilization of this system can conveniently convey the pharmaceutical information to the blind and reduce the drug abuse.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.12
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• pp.1022-1025
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• 2010

Thanatophoric dysplasia (TD) is a short-limb neonatal dwarfism syndrome that is usually lethal in the perinatal period. It is characterized by shortening of the limbs, severely small thorax, large head with a prominent forehead, macrocephaly, curved femur, and flattened vertebral bodies. These malformations result from the mutation in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR-3) gene which is located on the short arm of chromosome 4. A definite diagnosis should be established by molecular genetic analysis to find out the abnormal mutations in the $FGFR3$ gene. We confirmed by detection of a R248C mutation in the $FGFR3$ gene in DNA analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.245-256
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• 2017

In this study, we describe a new approach to real-time implementation of working path control for the forging and casting manufacturing process by vertical type articulated robot system. The proposed control scheme is simple in structure, fast in computation, and useful for real-time control of factory automation based on robot system. Moreover, this scheme does not require any accurate parameter information, nor values of the uncertain parameters and payload variations. Reliability of the proposed controller is proved by simulation and experimental results for robot manipulator consisting of arm with six degrees of freedom under the variation of payloads and tracking trajectories in Cartesian space and joint space. The vertical type articulated robot manipulator with six axes made in SMEC Co., Ltd. has been used for real-time implementation test to illustrate the enhanced working path control performance for unmanned automation of the forging and casting manufacturing process.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.58-62
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• 2006

Gaucher disease is an inherited disorder due to a deficiency in the activity of glucocerebrosidase (EC. 3.2.1.45) by genetic mutation which resulted from missense, nonsense, frameshift, deletion in long arm 21 of chromosome 1 (1q21). Gaucher disease is classified into the main three types as type 1 (nonneuronopathic), type 2 (acute neuronopathic) and type 3 (subacute neuronopathic) according to the progressive phase of manifestations and nervous system involvement. Gaucher disease patients had been treated by using the method as splenectomy and bone marrow transplantation. But enzyme replacement therapy as a more effective treatment has been available since the early 1990's. In order to treat Gaucher disease efficiently by using ERT, it is necessary to chase the progress of the therapy. In this study, therefore, we tried to chase the progress of the ERT by using the measurement of chitotriosidase activity in Gaucher disease patients.