• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.5_2
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• pp.975-988
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• 2020

Change detection is the process of identifying changes by observing the multi-temporal images at different times, and it is an important technique in remote sensing using satellite images. Among the change detection methods, the unsupervised change detection technique has the advantage of extracting rapidly the change area as a binary image. However, it is difficult to understand the changing pattern of land cover in binary images. This study used grid points generated from seamless digital map to evaluate the satellite image change detection results. The land cover change results were extracted using multi-temporal KOMPSAT-3A (K3A) data taken by Gimje Free Trade Zone and change detection algorithm used Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM). Change detection results were presented as binary images using the methods Otsu, Kittler, Kapur, and Tsai among the automated threshold selection algorithms. To consider the seasonal change of vegetation in the change detection process, we used the threshold of Differenced Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (dNDVI) through the probability density function. The experimental results showed the accuracy of the Otsu and Kapur was the highest at 58.16%, and the accuracy improved to 85.47% when the seasonal effects were removed through dNDVI. The algorithm generated based on this research is considered to be an effective method for accuracy assessment and identifying changes pattern when applied to unsupervised change detection.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.15-24
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• 2022

The article clarifies the conditions for information, digital and educational accessibility for higher education seekers with disabilities in terms of distance learning caused by quarantine restrictions. It is established that such conditions are regulated by international and Ukrainian legal documents (The Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Sustainable Development Goals, Law of Ukraine "On Education", Law of Ukraine "On Higher Education", Strategy for the Development of Higher Education in Ukraine 2021-2031, Development Strategy areas of innovation for the period up to 2030, Development strategy of the sphere of innovation activity for the period up to 2030). As a part of information barrierlessness, Higher Education Institutions (HEI) should provide access to information in various formats and using technologies, in particular Braille script, large-type printing, audio description (audio descriptive commenting), sign language interpretation, subtitling, a format suitable for reading by screen access programs, formats of simple speech, easy-to-read formats, means of alternative communication. The experience of Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University is described. In particular, special attention is paid to the study of sign language: in view of this, the initiative group implemented the project "Learning to hear and overcome social isolation together" with the financial support of the British Council in Ukraine. Within the framework of digital accessibility, the official website of the Faculty of Social and Psychological Education has been adapted for the visually impaired in accordance with WCAG 2.0 World Standards. In 2021, Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University implemented the project "Cultural, Recreational and Tourist Cherkasy Region: Inclusive Social 3D Map" funded by the Ukrainian Cultural Foundation; a site with available content for online travel in the region to provide barrier-free access to the historical and cultural heritage of Cherkasy region was created. Educational accessibility is achieved by increasing the number of people with special educational needs, receiving education in inclusive groups; activities of the Center for Social and Educational Integration and Inclusive Rehabilitation Social Tourism "Bez barieriv" ("Without barriers"); implementation of a research topic for financing the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine: "Social and psychological rehabilitation of children and youth with special educational needs by means of inclusive tourism"; implementation of the project "Social inclusion of distance educational process"; development of information campaigns to popularize the ideas of accessibility, the need for its implementation, ongoing training programs and competitions, etc.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2002

As architectural forms tend to be large-scaled, high-storied and complicated, use of computer for processing design information has been generalized. However, CAD use in the process of developing architectural design has been neglected greatly in the educational field of architectural field due to the surging of recognition that it may limit the essential property of architectural design. It may be resulted from the limitation of CAD system, that is, it is because of tardy speed of application development for the related areas with the lack of simplicity and clarity of flexibility to be secured on the drawing and user interface. Recent CAD systems, however, overcome such a limitation, convert into object-based design from entity-based drawing, drafting and modeling for implementing design concept of architects and it connects with internet linked to superspeed information communication network and changes process and stream of architectural design. Therefore, this study deals with utility of object based CAD system with products of Autodesk Co. and consequently obtain the following conclusions. First, it expands architect's design areas by supporting cooperative design system based on model-based architectural design and internet. Second, it reduces consumption of personal and material resources and time in the process of drawing production for improving architectural design works. Third, it can reduce the frequent design changes by improving understanding of architectural space with visualization of immediate 3D information, escaping from traditional methods to deliver design information to building owner through 2D drawing or model and perspective drawing requiring much cost and time. Fourth, it keeps exactness without omission or duplication of design information and generate and renew information of all related drawings on a drawing. Fifth, it is possible to change difficult and boring architectural design work into a pleasure owing to immediate modeling and drawing of design idea. In addition, digital drawing generated by using object-based CAD system can playa role of establishing Urban Information System to be used for protecting from building in disaster and urban disasters in connection with GIS numerical map and be used for reference of all kinds of information required fro post-management of buildings. However, what is more important is that surplus time from introduction of object-based CAD system should be used for consideration to be recognized as a good space and building built as a product of this project for comfort to urban people.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.49
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• pp.677-696
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• 2017

Cartoons and consequently animation are an effective way of visualizing futuristic scenarios. Here we look at how animation is becoming ubiquitous and an integral part of this future today: the cybernetic and mediated society that we are being transformed into. Animation therefore becomes a form of speech between humans and this networked reality, either as an interface or as representation that gives temporal form to objects. Animation or specifically animated films usually are associated with character based short and feature films, fiction or nonfiction. However animation is not constricted to traditional cinematic formats and language, the same way that design and communication have become treated as separate fields, however according to $Vil{\acute{e}}m$ Flusser they aren't. The same premise can be applied to animation in a networked culture: Animation has become an intrinsic to design processes and products - as in motion graphics, interface design and three-dimensional visualization. Video-games, virtual reality, map based apps and social networks constitute layers of an expanded universe that embodies our network based culture. They are products of design and media disciplines that are increasingly relying on animation as a universal language suited to multi-cultural interactions carried in digital ambients. In this sense animation becomes a discourse, the same way as Roland Barthes describes myth as a type of speech. With the objective of exploring the role of animation as a design tool, the proposed research intends to develop transmedia creative visual strategies using animation both as narrative and as an user interface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2010.06b
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• pp.289-293
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• 2010

21C 현대 문명사회에서는 도시의 고밀도 및 팽창으로 인하여 도시 내 생태계가 파괴되면서 생물서식처의 환경 악화 및 엄청난 감소가 초래되었으며, 그 결과로 인하여 인간과 생물이 접촉할 수 있는 공간이 현저하게 줄어들고 있다. 또한 도시 영역의 확장을 위하여 산림 및 녹지의 감소, 녹지의 분절 및 단절화, 해안 매립 등이 계획 없이 무분별하게 진행됨으로써, 각종 동식물의 개체 수 감소 및 토양의 건조화 등이 발생하고 있으며, 그 영향으로 생물종의 다양성이 떨어지고, 도시 생태계의 교란이 심해지고 있다. 이러한 도시 생태계의 교란은 도시에 거주하고 있는 시민들의 생활의 질이 떨어지게 하고 많은 환경 문제들의 주원인이 되고 있다. 지속적이면서도 자연친화적인 도시발전을 위해서는 도시 내 자연생태계를 회복하고 생물서식공간을 종합적으로 보전하면서 복원해야 한다는 요구가 높아지고 있지만, 이를 체계적으로 이루기 위한 방법론의 부재에 시달리고 있었다. 이러한 가운데 유럽을 중심으로 생겨난 비오톱(Biotope)과 비오톱 지도화 방법이 생태계를 보전하며, 시민들에게 다양한 자연체험과 휴양 기회를 제공하고 친환경적인 도시계획을 위한 핵심적인 역할을 하는 것으로 인식되고 있다. 하지만, 기존의 비오톱 지도는 이미지 기반의 2차원 지도로 제공되고 있어, 거리 및 공간 분석에 취약하고 정보전달력이 부족하여, 익숙한 전문가가 아닌 경우 비오톱을 이해하는데 상당한 정도의 시간이 필요하였다. 이에 본 논문에서는 공간정보가 결여된 2차원 형태의 GIS 데이터를 기반으로 3차원 공간 데이터를 자동으로 생성하고, 위성영상과 DEM(Digital Elevation Model)을 이용하여 3차원 지형을 만들어 각 주제도별로 입체적인 분석이 가능하도록 하였다. 또한 동영상 녹화 기능과 3차원 객체 추가 기능을 이용하여, 자연생태계를 고려한 도시의 설계를 진행하는 경우 3차원적인 모델링을 제공함으로써 효과적이면서도 사용자의 이해도를 향상 시킬 수 있는 정보 전달력을 가질 수 있도록 설계 및 구현하였다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.231-243
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• 2016

This study presents the applicability of two-dimensional (2D) flood inundation model by applying to real irrigation reservoir failure with limited available data. The study area is Sandae Reservoir placed in Gyeongju and downstream area of it and the reservoir was failured by piping in 2013. The breach hydrograph was estimated from one-dimensional (1D) hydrodynamic model and the discharge was employed for upstream boundary of 2D flood inundation model. Topography of study area was generated by integrating digital contour map and satellite data, and Cartesian grids with 3m resolution to consider geometry of building, road and public stadium were used for 2D flood inundation analysis. The model validation was carried out by comparing predictions with field survey data including reservoir breach outflow, flood extent, flood height and arrival time, and identifying rational ranges with allowed error. In addition, the applicability of 2D model is examined using different simulation conditions involving grid size, building and roughness coefficient. This study is expected to contributed to analysis of irrigation reservoirs were at risk of a failure and setting up Emergency Action Plan (EAP) against irrigation reservoir failure.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.761-768
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• 2010

This paper presents an effective method to achieve the wideband waveform for high resolution SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar) using the frequency multiplication technique. And also this paper analyzes the root causes for the spectral regrowth due to 3rd-order intermodulation in chirp bandwidth expansion scheme using quadrature modulator and frequency multipliers. The amplitude and phase imbalance requirement are defined based on the simulation results in terms of quadrature channel imbalance. This minimizes the degradation of range resolution, peak sidelobe ratio and integrated sidelobe ratio. The wideband chirp generator using the frequency multiplier and memory map scheme was manufactured and the compensation technique was presented to reduce the spectral regrowth of SAR waveform by minimizing the amplitude and phase imbalance. After I and Q channel imbalance adjustment, the carrier level reduces －28.7 dBm to －53.4 dBm. Chirp signal with 150 MHz bandwidth at S-band expands to 600 MHz bandwidth at X-band. The sidelobe levels are reduced by about 8 to 9 dB by compensating the amplitude balance between I and Q channels.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.55-70
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• 2021

In this study, in the field of remote sensing, where the scope of application is rapidly expanding to fields such as land monitoring, disaster prediction, facility safety inspection, and maintenance of cultural properties, monitoring of rural space and surrounding environment using UAV is utilized. It was carried out to verify the possibility, and the following main results were derived. First, the aerial image taken with an unmanned aerial vehicle had a much higher image size and spatial resolution than the aerial image provided by the National Geographic Information Service. It was suitable for analysis due to its high accuracy. Second, the more the number of photographed photos and the more complex the terrain features, the more the point cloud included in the aerial image taken with the UAV was extracted. As the amount of point cloud increases, accurate 3D mapping is possible, For accurate 3D mapping, it is judged that a point cloud acquisition method for difficult-to-photograph parts in the air is required. Third, 3D mapping technology using point cloud is effective for monitoring rural space and rural resources because it enables observation and comparison of parts that cannot be read from general aerial images. Fourth, the digital elevation model(DEM) produced with aerial image taken with an UAV can visually express the altitude and shape of the topography of the study site, so it can be used as data to predict the effects of topographical changes due to changes in rural space. Therefore, it is possible to utilize various results using the data included in the aerial image taken by the UAV. In this study, the superiority of images acquired by UAV was verified by comparison with existing images, and the effect of 3D mapping on rural space monitoring was visually analyzed. If various types of spatial data such as GIS analysis and topographic map production are collected and utilized using data that can be acquired by unmanned aerial vehicles, it is expected to be used as basic data for rural planning to maintain and preserve the rural environment.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.217-240
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the semantic network analysis to understand image contents and to examine the degree to which words, word clusters contributed to the formation of semantic map within image contents. For this research, from 1993 until 2016 the field of the image contents were collected for a total of 2,624 cases papers. The word appeared in Title analyzed the social network by using the R program of Big Data. The results were as follows: First, The field of image contents is based on researches related to 'image', 'media' and 'contents'. Second, there is a three-step flow ('education' -> 'media' -> 'contents') of research in the field of image contents. Third, researches related to 'broadcasting', 'digital', 'technology', and 'production' were continuously carried out. Finally, There were new research subjects for each regime.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.551-560
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• 2014

Compare to other industrial sites, the civil construction work not only takes longer time but also has made of complicated processes, such as the integrated management, process control, and quality control until the completion. However, it is hard to take control the construction sites, since numerous issues are always emerged. The study purposes on providing the dataset to synthetically manage and monitor the civil construction site, main design, drawings, process, construction cost, and others at real-time by using the low altitude close-range aerial images, based on UAV, and the GPS surveying method for treating the three-dimensional spatial information quickly and accurately. As a result, we could provide the latest information for the quick decision-making following from planning to completion of the construction, and objective site evaluation by the high-resolution three-dimensional spatial information and drawings. Also, the present map, longitudinal map, and cross sectional view are developed to provide various datasets rapidly, such as earthwork volume table, specifications, and transition of ground level.