• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.9
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• pp.3383-3387
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• 2023

A new dyed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film dosimeter based on 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MMT) tetrazolium dye is proposed in this study for measuring high gamma radiation dose. Gamma cell irradiator that contains Co-60 gamma-ray source was used to expose the novel MMT-PVA films to different doses up to 25 kGy. The changed in optical property of irradiated and unirradiated films were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results show that the dose sensitive and the linear range of irradiated films were increased considerably with increase of MMT concentration from 1 to 5 mM. The dose response of dyed PVA film changed substantially with changing relative humidity (12-74%) as well as irradiation temperature (10-40 ℃). The absorbance of the unirradiated films does not change up to 10 days in dark while a significant increase in their absorbance was reported for similar films under fluorescent light. The irradiated dosimeters that kept in dark showed a perfect stability for 54 days. It was found that no obvious impact of dose rate on the irradiated MMT-PVA film dosimeters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.287-290
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• 2004

This study was desinged to investigate the cytotoxic effect of ethanonl extract of radish, Raphanuse sativus on human lung cancer cell lines (A-549) using MTT(3-〔4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl〕-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Radish trunk and radish root were extracted by a mixed solvent of water and ethanol (5 : 5, v/v) after drying, The extracts were used for anticancer activity assay. $IC_{50}$/ (50% inhibitory concentration) of radish trunk and radish root were 0.015% and 0.03%, respectively. Radish trunk extract showed higher anticancer activity than radish root extract at the same concentration of 0.01％.

• BMB Reports
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.366-369
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• 2005

NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) transfers electrons from NADPH to cytochrome P450 and also catalyzes the one-electron reduction of many drugs and foreign compounds. Various spectrophotometric assays have been performed to examine electron-accepting properties of CPR and its ability to reduce cytochrome $b_5$, cytochrome c, and ferricyanide. In this report, reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) by CPR has been assessed as a method for monitoring CPR activity. The principle advantage of this substance is that the reduction of MTT can be assayed directly in the reaction medium by a continuous spectrophotometric method. The electrons released from NADPH by CPR were transferred to MTT. MTT reduction activity was then assessed spectrophotometrically by measuring the increase of $A_{610}$. MTT reduction followed classical Michaelis-Menten kinetics ($K_m\;=\;20\;{\mu}M$, $k_{cat}\;=\;1,910\;min^{-1}$). This method offers the advantages of a commercially available substrate and short analysis time by a simple measurement of enzymatic activity of CPR.

• Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society
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• v.59 no.11
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• pp.1056-1061
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• 2018

Purpose: To investigate the effects of valproic acid on the survival of cultured human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts (HTFBs). Methods: Primary cultured HTFBs were exposed to 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mM valproic acid with or without 0, 1.0, $2.5{\mu}g/mL$ mitomycin C, and incubated for 5 days. Cell survival was assessed using an MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and the degree of apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry using annexin-V/propidium iodide double staining. Results: Valproic acid decreased the survival of HTFBs in a dose-dependent manner, and survival was further decreased by adding mitomycin C to valproic acid. Both valproic acid and mitomycin C induced apoptosis of HTFBs. Valproic acid induced less apoptosis than mitomycin C. Conclusions: Valproic acid decreased the cellular survival of HTFBs and induced apoptosis. The antiproliferative effects of valproic acid were further enhanced by the addition of mitomycin C.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.210.1-210.1
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• 2003

In this study, we investigated the effect of inhibition of proliferation and antioxidant effect on B16F10 murine melanoma cell. Also, we examined by MTT(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and intracellular reactive oxygen intermediate levels and the levels of catalase(CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase(GPX) an adaptive response of oxidative stress on B16F10 murine melanoma cell of pretreated with hydrogen peroxide. (omitted)

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.252-258
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• 2008

The cytotoxic effect of benzoic acid and related compounds on the growth of normal cell lines and human oral epithelioid cell line was evaluated by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 2,3-bis-[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-caboxanilide (XTT) methods. 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid decreased the cell viability of human oral epithelioid cells and the cell adhesion activity of human oral epithelioid cells. Under the light microscopy, 100 ${\mu}M$ 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid showed the highest cytotoxic activity. From these results, we can propose that 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid has a potential anticancer activity.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.78-78
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• 2019

The aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant activities of the plants with origin of Vietnam. The Embelia scandens (Lour.) Mez which is a species of plant in the family Myrsinaceae and Cornus hongkongensis Hemsl., which is a species of plant in the family Cornaceae were tested for antioxidant activities. Samples were prepared using 95% ethanol using DPPH assay for assessing the antioxidant activity. Ascorbic acid was used for positive control for DPPH assay. DPPH assay experiment showed that extracts of the Embelia scandens (Lour.) Mez and Cornus hongkongensis Hemsl. might have anti-oxidant activity 4.77 times and 5.65 times higher, respectively, compared to control. To determine the cell toxicity, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used. MTT assay experiment showed that Embelia scandens (Lour.) Mez might have 13.1% more toxicity whereas Cornus hongkongensis Hemsl. might have 47.3% less toxicity compared to control. Taken together, these experiments showed that Cornus hongkongensis Hemsl. extracts might have significantly higher antioxidant activities and relatively lower toxicity, compared to control.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 2007

The needles of L. kaempferi was extracted with 95% ethanol and successively partitioned with n-hexane, $CH_2Cl_2$ and EtOAc. Repeated column chromatography on the EtOAc and $H_2O$ soluble fractions gave three flavan-3-ols, one flavone glycoside, six flavonol glycosides and one lignan derivative. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidences. The antioxidant activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method. Flavan compounds indicated good antioxidative potentials compared with BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol as controls. In the anti-inflammatory test on most of the isolated compounds, NO (nitric oxide) assay against the RAW 264.7 (Mouse Macrophage) showed similar inhibitory potentials to NO production of the control. The cytotoxicity was determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and most of the isolated compounds indicated no toxicity in various concentration.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.119-122
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• 2002

Oryza sativa cv. Mihyangbyo is one of several recently developed varieties of rice; characterized by high levels of aromatic components, which may increase its sensory and nutritional properties. In conjunction with our continuing investigation of bioactive components of improved grain varieties, a quinolone alkaloid was isolated from the n-butanol soluble fraction of the aleurone layer of Oryza sativa cv. Mihyangbyo (Gramineae) through activity-guided fractionation and isolation. The compound exhibited moderate antineoplastic activity in a human leukemia cell line (U937) with an $IC_{50}$/ value of 118.1 ug/mL, based on the MTT(3-[4, 5]dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cell proliferation assay. The chemical structure of the functional compound was determined, based on physical and spectroscopic characteristics.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.112-121
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• 2010

The cytotoxic activity of 33,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid methylester and related compounds on the growth of normal cell lines, human skin melanoma cells and human oral epithelioid cell line were evaluated by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 2,3-bis-[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfo-phenyl]-2-H-tetrazolium-5-caboxanilide (XTT) methods. 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid methylester decreased the cell viability of human skin melanoma cells and human oral epithelioid cells shown by the MTT method and the cell adhesion activity of human skin melanoma cells and human oral epithelioid cells shown by the XTT method. In light microscopy, 100 ${\mu}M$ 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid methylester showed the highest cytotoxic activity. These results suggest that 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid methylester has a potential anticancer activity.