• Atmosphere
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.305-317
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• 2024

The study examines the effects of parameters that define the characteristics of raindrops on the simulated precipitation during the summer season over Korea using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Double-Moment 6-class (WDM6) cloud microphysics scheme. Prescribed parameters, defining the characteristics of hydrometeors in the WDM6 scheme such as a_R, b_R, and f_R in the fall velocity (V_R) - diameter (D_R) relationship and shape parameter (𝜇_R) in the number concentration (N_R) - D_R relationship, presents different values compared to the observed data from Two-Dimensional Video Disdrometer (2DVD) at Boseong standard meteorological observatory during 2018~2019. Three experiments were designed for the heavy rainfall event on August 8, 2022 using WRF version 4.3. These include the control (CNTL) experiment with original parameters in the WDM6 scheme; the MUR experiment, adopting the 50th percentile observation value for 𝜇_R; and the MEDI experiment, which uses the same 𝜇_R as MUR, but also includes fitted values for a_R, b_R, and f_R from the 50th percentile of the observed V_R - D_R relationship. Both sensitivity experiments show improved precipitation simulation compared to the CNTL by reducing the bias and increasing the probability of detection and equitable threat scores. In these experiments, the raindrop mixing ratio increases and its number concentration decreases in the lower atmosphere. The microphysics budget analysis shows that the increase in the rain mixing ratio is due to enhanced source processes such as graupel melting, vapor condensation, and accretion between cloud water and rain. Our study also emphasizes that applying the solely observed 𝜇_R produces more positive impact in the precipitation simulation.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.243-251
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop an educational program for the children's guardian with cochlear implants in order to provide knowledge and information about cochlear implants. Methods: The educational program was developed based on a literature review, potentially relevant website analysis, and validation by an expert group. Two out of twenty-two educational items under four domains that had item-level content validity index (CVI) greater than 0.8 by the ten experts were finally selected and used. After the children's guardian participated in this educational activity through a specially designed booklet and DVD, the effectiveness of the program was evaluated. Results: A total of 8 children's guardian participated in the program. Their knowledge levels significantly increased after participating the program (mean $15.0{\pm}3.02$ vs. $19.0{\pm}0.93$, Z= 2.371, p=.018). Satisfaction levels with the program was high, $4.1{\pm}0.87$ out of 5. Conclusion: This newly developed educational program for the children's guardian with cochlear implants is proved to be effective and can be used in nursing practice. In addition, the participants seemed to be satisfied with the program. Furthermore, this program may also improve the effects of adult with cochlear implants.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.837-841
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• 2007

최근 영상을 중심으로 여러 형태의 정보를 결합하여 저장하거나 전송하는 멀티미디어가 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 현재 카메라와 관련된 동영상 캡처기술은 Motion JPEG이 주류를 이루고 있으며, 텔레비전, DMB 등의 방송 분야 및 DVD, VCR 분야에서는 MPEG-2, MPEG-4, H.264 및 WMV9 등의 압축 코덱이 채용되고 사용되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 다양한 영상 표준방식은 디코딩시 호환성 문제가 발생하게 되고 이에 따라 통합 코덱 연구가 필요하다. 이에 본 논문은 일반적 스텝 양자화외에 데드존 양자화를 사용하고 "$4{\times}4$", "$4{\times}8$", "$8{\times}4$", "$8{\times}8$"의 다양한 블록크기의 변환을 지원하는 VC-1을 기반으로 한 ITIQ C언어를 통해 시뮬레이션하고 최적화된 결과를 VHDL로 구현하여 향후 통합코덱 연구에 응용 가능하도록 연구 및 분석평가 하였다. 설계결과 4:2:0의 YCbCr포맷의 최초 $16{\times}16$블록을 복원하는데 483~510클록이 소요되었고 Xilinx XCVPC100 FF1696-6 환경에서 93,128개의 게이트 수와 71.469MHz의 동작속도를 나타내었다. 이는 640*480 크기의 컬러영상을 디코딩 하는데 프레임 당 최대 0.0074초가 소요됨을 의미하며 초당 30프레임의 영상에서도 0.222초면 디코딩이 가능한 결과이다.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.78-96
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• 2016

This study investigated the colors of the costumes and backgrounds of characters in the fantasy film, Alice in Wonderland(2010) by Tim Burton. The methods used were literature studies including related books, articles and internet materials, and positive research with DVD color analysis. Twenty-one scenes were selected by the researcher. Five scenes were selected from novel and film components representing, exposition, complication, crisis, climax, and denouement. After controlled pixel by photoshop program and the represented colors, hues and tones were analyzed. The results were as follows; First, in four characters, Alice's dress colors changed depend on the situation and the passage offered from blue to red, metal light, and blue green. The Mad Hatter's colors were orange with green which signified madness and passion. The Red Queen's red dress and blue make up represented countrified and evil. The White Queen's all white dress and hair, black eyes and vivid red meant purity and nobility. Similar characters' colors were limited. Second, the background colors, especially tones were an important component of the fantasy image. These were different for each type of scene in the film such as exposition, complication, crisis, climax, and denouement.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.301-311
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• 2010

Purpose: The study was done to identify variations in Nurses' CPR knowledge, attitude and performance before and after BLS Education. Method: This study was designed to evaluate the differences in Nurses' CPR knowledge, attitude and performance. For the study we selected 167 nurses working in Daegu K University hospital. The study group was given a test before (pre test) and after (post test) BLS education. The BLS education was given by two BLS instructors certified by the American Heart Association, using a DVD and manikin. Result: The results showed a statistically significant difference the nurse's knowledge, belief, emotion and performance but there was no significant difference in their behavior after BLS education. CPR knowledge and performance was higher among emergency room nurses compared to surgical ward nurses. Conclusion: CPR education has shown to have a positive effect on nurses' attitudes towards CPR. It also improved their related knowledge and performance. Therefore, cardiopulmonary education should be given continuously, and different steps of CPR education programs need to be developed in order to fill the knowledge deficiency gap.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.11A no.2
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• pp.175-180
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• 2004

Generally, as for the multimedia high quality contents, an illegality facsimile is possible without a damage of a quality. Also a distribution of contents duplicated illegality in an Internet is giving a great economic loss to digital contents provider. Therefore, a study for security and efficient distribution of digital contents is required. The most important issues in a design of digital contents distribution system are a user convenience, an execution speed and a security. In this study, we designed digital contents distribution system that used a web caching technology and an encryption/decryption technique on hierarchical structure. The proposed system was the digital contents distribution system that improved a security and execution speed, a convenience of a user. Also it verified performance superiority of a proposed system by an examination.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.171-174
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 IP-TV 보금을 위해서 고성능 저가의 IP-TV(Internet Protocol TV) 셋탑박스의 필요성을 감안하여 TV를 통한 인터넷 컨텐츠 이용에 최적화된 IP-TV 셋탑박스를 제조업체(Ninelanes)와 공동으로 개발하였다. 개발된 셋탑박스는 브로드밴드를 이용한 VOD서비스, 1Mbps급의 DVD급 화질을 지원하고 스트리밍 비디오와 저장된 콘텐츠를 직접 재생할 수 있다. 개발된 셋탑박스는 VHS(450kbps), DVD급(750kbps), DVD(1.2Mbps), MP3, AC3, MPEG-2/4, VP4/5/6, WMV9, DVIX 등의 다양한 디지털 미디어 재생 포맷을 지원 할 수 있도록 개발되어 가격경쟁력 향상 및 멀티미디어 지원환경 구축, 인코더방식의 코덱 전환이 가능하다. 또한 고집적, 저전력, 고성능, 저가형 개발 개념으로 개발된 이 셋탑박스는 각종 IP-TV기능을 펌웨어나 소프트웨어 수정으로 시스템 변경이 가능하여 IP-TV 셋탑박스 보급에 크게 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

Purpose: This study is a non-equivalent control group pre-post design, which attempted to observe the effects of Basic Life Support Education on undergraduate students' CPR Knowledge and Attitude. Methods: The subjects were 96 undergraduates in Jeonbuk. They were divided into two groups: an experimental group of 46 students and a control group of 50 students. The BLS education was given by three BLS instructors certified by the American Heart Association using a DVD. Data were collected from October 20 to November 15, 2010 and analyzed, using the ${\chi}^2$ test, t-test, and ANCOVA. Results: There were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the levels of CPR Knowledge and Attitude. The 1st hypothesis, that the CPR knowledge scores for the experimental group would be higher than those of the control group, was supported (F=157.58, p=.000). The 2nd hypothesis, that the CPR attitude scores for the experimental group would be higher than those of the control group, was supported (F=23.78, p=.000). Conclusion: This study showed that BLS education had a positive influence on undergraduate students' knowledge and attitudes toward CPR. We expect that BLS education will contribute to spreading knowledge of CPR and reducing mortality among heart attack victims, and we can see from this study how CPR training in combination with theory and clinical practice develops knowledge and practical ability.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.451-462
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• 2004

The range of graphic design has expanded very widely as the digital era emerged, and many new areas of film design, including film, DVD, interactive TV, mobile and DMB, began to require the work of designers. This could be considered as an application as well as a case of digital film design as it has more developed new media environment as basis. The change in the expression techniques of film language is inevitable since major consumers of new media are the younger generation. The method of creating and distributing visual communication work is not standing still anymore. It has been diversified through dynamic movements and changes resulting from interaction. The major objective of this study is to find out and suggest the directions that film and digital media graduate school education of future by researching and analyzing how the nature of design, as an academic subject that keeps on changing and developing, is evolving in the new media environment. For this purpose, the methods of appropriate education system in higher design education, which are derived from case studies and previous studies on education system, are evaluated by examining the consumers. This study aims at finding the most effective training method in film and digital media design, and by integrating current design education with digital film design education establish a better fit education system that complies with the demands of today's society. It will suggest how an educational institute should see ahead of the time and provide what the society will demand in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1206-1209
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• 2005

In recent, injection molding process for features in sub-micron scale is under active development as patterning nano-scale features, which can provide the master or stamp for molding, and becomes available around the world. Injection molding has been one of the most efficient processes for mass production of the plastic product, and this process is already applied to nano-technology products successfully such as optical storage media like DVD or BD which is a large area plastic thin substrate with nano-scale features on its surface. Bio chip for like DNA sequencing may be another application of this plastic substrate. The DNA can be sequenced using order of 100 nm pore structure when making the DNA flow through the pore structure. Agarose gel and silicon based chip have been used to sequence the DNA, but injection molded plastic chip may have benefit in terms of cost. This plastic DNA sequencing chip has plenty of pillars in order of 100 nm in diameter on the substrate. When the usual features in case of DVD or BD have very low aspect ratio, even less than 0.5, but the DNA chip will have relatively high aspect ratio of about 2. It is not easy to injection mold the large area thin substrate with sub-micron features on its surface due to the characteristics of the molding process and it becomes much more difficult when the aspect ratio of the features becomes high. We investigated the effect of the molding parameters for injection molding with high aspect ratio nano-scale features and injection molded some plastic DNA sequencing chips. We also fabricated PR masters and Ni stamps of the DNA chip to be used for molding