• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.900-911
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• 2015

In this paper, 3D face recognition model is designed by using Polynomial based RBFNN(Radial Basis Function Neural Network) and PNN(Polynomial Neural Network). Also recognition rate is performed by this model. In existing 2D face recognition model, the degradation of recognition rate may occur in external environments such as face features using a brightness of the video. So 3D face recognition is performed by using 3D scanner for improving disadvantage of 2D face recognition. In the preprocessing part, obtained 3D face images for the variation of each pose are changed as front image by using pose compensation. The depth data of face image shape is extracted by using Multiple point signature. And whole area of face depth information is obtained by using the tip of a nose as a reference point. Parameter optimization is carried out with the aid of both ABC(Artificial Bee Colony) and PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization) for effective training and recognition. Experimental data for face recognition is built up by the face images of students and researchers in IC&CI Lab of Suwon University. By using the images of 3D face extracted in IC&CI Lab. the performance of 3D face recognition is evaluated and compared according to two types of models as well as point signature method based on two kinds of depth data information.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2016

본 연구는 3차원 프린터를 이용한 보청기 이어 쉘 제작기법에서 보청기 이어 쉘 제작에 필요한 모델링 구조를 DICOM(Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) 영상에 의한 새로운 방법으로 제시하고자 하였다. 실험방법은 DICOM 볼륨 영상에서 임계치 값을 이용한 3차원 외이도를 추출하여 3차원 프린터가 인식할 수 있는 표준 형식의 STL(STereoLithography) 파일로 모델링 표면구조를 비교하였다. 이러한 3차원 모델링은 기존의 귓본 제작 후 3차원 스캐너에 의한 인접한 등치선 사이를 3차원 표면조각들로 채워 모델링 구조를 표현한 방법들로서 본 연구에서도 DICOM 영상에 의한 삼각형 표면구조를 동일하게 만들 수 있었다. 이는 DICOM 영상에 의한 모델링 표면구조가 기존 3차원 프린터가 인식할 수 있는 동일한 환경을 제공해 최종적으로 보청기 이어 쉘 형상을 출력 할 수 있음을 나타냈다.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2002년도 Proceedings
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• pp.506-508
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• 2002

As an advancement of medical imaging modalities and analyzing software with multi-function, active researches to acquire high contrast and high resolution image being done. In recently, development of medical imaging modalities like as Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is aiming to display anatomical structure more accuracy and faster. Thus, one of the important areas in CT today is the use of CT scanner for the quantitative evaluation of 3-D reconstruction images from 2-D tomographic images. In CT system, the effective slice thickness and the quality of 3-D reconstructed image will be influenced by imaging acquisition parameters (e.g. pitch and scan mode). In diagnosis and surgical planning, the accurate distance measurements of 3-D anatomical structures play an important role and the accuracy of distance measurements will depend on the acquisition parameters such as slice thickness, pitch, and scan mode. The skull phantom was scanned with SDCT for various acquisition parameters and acquisition slice thicknesses were 3 and 5 mm, and reconstruction intervals were 1, 2, and 3 mm to each pitch. 3-D visualizations and distance measurements were performed with PC based 3-D rendering and analyzing software. Results showed that the image quality and the measurement accuracy of 3-D SDCT images are independent to the reconstruction intervals and pitches.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2012

A novel joining technology was developed to compensate the camber in polymers. The preheating laser beam circulates on the joining location and the accumulated heat serves to increase the flexibility of neighboring polymers. The temperature rises up to the glass transient temperature of the polymers and continually loading spring force closes the gap of camber. The irradiated laser was 808nm central wavelength and the power varied between 2Watt and 5Watt. The laps were adjusted between 3 and 10 and the optimum process parameters were 3Watt and 5 laps for the specific application. An FEM analysis was introduced to understand the mechanism of joining by the transient temperature distribution on the polymers. Thermocouples experiments were also tried to correlate the numerical analysis results and it showed the trend of heat accumulation in experiments.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

CT 촬영 장치를 기반으로 한 MAGAT (Methacrylic Acid, Gelatin gel And THPC) 정상 산소 중합체 겔 선량계의 화합물 조성비와 CT 영상 스캔 인자의 변화에 따른 선량 반응성을 평가하였다. 다양한 농도의 메타크릴산(MAA, MethAcrylic Acid)과 젤라틴을 조성하여 MAGAT 선량계를 제작하고 20 Gy까지의 방사선을 조사하였다. 조사된 겔 선량계는 CT 촬영 장치(Brilliance Big bore scanner, Phillps, Netherlands)를 이용하여 다양한 스캔 인자(관전압, 관전류, 단면두께)로 같은 위치에서 20회까지의 CT 영상을 획득하였다. 획득된 영상으로 $N_{CT}$-선량 반응곡선($N_{CT}$-dose response), 선량 감도(dose sensitivity), 선량 분해능(dose resolution)을 측정, 평가하였다. 각 조성비 별 MAGAT 선량계의 $N_{CT}$-선량 반응곡선에서 메타크릴산과 젤라틴의 양이 증가함에 따라 기울기와 절편이 증가하였다. 선량 감도는 $0.338{\pm}0.08$에서 $0.859{\pm}0.1$까지 나타났고 메타크릴산이 증가, 젤라틴이 감소할수록 증가하였으나 그 변화는 메타크릴산 농도의 증가에 따라 감도가 증가되는 것에 비해 아주 작은 변화를 보였다. 선량 분해능은 약 2.6에서 6 Gy까지 다양하게 나타났으며 감도와 영상 내의 노이즈에 의해 큰 변화를 보였다. 영상 스캔 인자의 변화에 대한 반응곡선은 관전압, 관전류, 단면두께의 변화에 따른 곡선의 기울기와 감도는 큰 변화를 보이지 않았으나 영상 내의 노이즈(평균 CT number의 표준편차)는 위의 3개의 인자가 증가할수록 감소함을 보였다. 본 연구는 CT 촬영장치를 이용한 MAGAT 중합체 겔의 선량 반응성을 평가하여 적정한 조성비와 스캔 인자를 얻을 수 있었으며 CT를 기반으로 한 3차원 선량계를 간단하고 효율적으로 임상에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.335-342
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• 2012

건축, 토목, 의료, 컴퓨터 그래픽스 분야 등 다양한 분야에서 이용되는 3D point cloud는 최근 레이저 스캐너의 발달로 인해 그 용량이 점점 커지게 되었다. 컴퓨터 메모리의 용량을 넘어서서 모든 데이터를 한 번에 처리할 수 없는 대용량 3D point cloud를 가시화하고 편집하기 위해 여러 전처리 및 가시화 방법들이 소개되었고 본 논문에서 비교한 QSplat의 경우 3D 모델의 형상 확인과 용량 감소를 목적으로 원본 좌표를 손실 압축하여 저장하였다. 본 논문에서 제시하는 방법은 3D point cloud를 정육면체 격자로 분할하고 center sampling을 통해 가상점 집합을 생성하며 가시화 과정에서 격자에 저장된 point 집합 취득을 통한 빠른 렌더링이 가능하다. 홍익대학교 인근 지역을 측정한 약 1억 2천만 개 point의 대용량 3D point cloud를 QSplat과 다단계 정육면체 격자 기반 방법으로 비교한 결과 전처리 과정에서는 QSplat이, 가시화 과정에서는 다단계 정육면체 격자 기반 방법이 빠른 속도를 보여주었다. 또한 다단계 정육면체 격자 기반 방법은 point의 원본 좌표를 저장하기에 추후 가시화 외에 편집, segmentation 등의 작업을 고려하여 고안되었다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2015

This study investigated the accuracy of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) in terms of reflecting the actual vascular length. Three-dimensional time of flight (3D TOF) MRA, 3D contrast-enhanced (CE) MRA, volume-rendering after CTA and maximum intensity projection were investigated using a flow model phantom with a diameter of 2.11 mm and area of $0.26cm^2$. 1.5 and 3.0 Tesla devices were used for 3D TOF MRA and 3D CE MRA. CTA was investigated using 16 and 64 channel CT scanners, and the images were transmitted and reconstructed by volume-rendering and maximum intensity projection, followed by conduit length measurement as described above. The smallest 3D TOF MRA measure was $2.51{\pm}0.12mm$ with a flow velocity of 40 cm/s using the 3.0 Tesla apparatus, and $2.57{\pm}0.07mm$ with a velocity of 71.5 cm/s using the 1.5 Tesla apparatus; both images were magnified from the actual measurement of 2.11 mm. The measurement with the 16 channel CT scanner was smaller ($3.83{\pm}0.37mm$) than the reconstructed image on maximum intensity projection. The images from CTA from examination apparatus and reconstruction technique were all larger than the actual measurement.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.150-159
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• 2012

This study intend to analyze differences between 3D body scanning sizes and direct measurement sizes of same subjects. The subjects of study are female students of university in China. 3D data analyze as a 3D Body Measurement Soft System. The conclusion found is as below: In case of circumferences, error between direct-measurement size and 3D body scanning size is from 4.9mm to 62.2mm. The neck circumference size of directmeasurement is bigger than 3D body scanning size. The height error range is from 0.6mm to 51mm. Height of underbust, waist and hip are that direct-measurement sizes are higher than 3D body scanning sizes. Gap of width is from 3.8mm to 21.9mm. The gap range is too narrow relatively to others. Only direct-measurement size of neck width is wider than 3D body scanning size. Error range of length is from 0.3mm to 41.8mm. 3D body scanning sizes of lateral neck to waistline, upperarm length, arm length, neck shoulder point to breast point, shoulder center point to breast point, lateral shoulder to breast point are longer than direct-measurement sizes. They have a negative margin of error. I intend to set up same measurement point between direct-measurement and 3D body scanning but they have some errors because direct-measurement point is applied by a person. 3D body scanning measurement point is settled by automatic system. A measurement point of direct-measurement and 3D body scanning isn't unite. So we need to make a standard of setting up measurement points.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.846-858
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• 2008

This study was designed to propose a method to draft bodice block pattern from 3D body scan data. Subjects were ten elderly women in their 60's, who wear basic size(B: 94cm, W: 82cm) garment. Scanning was done using 3D whole body scanner(WB4, Cyberware). Measurements for 3D data and cross section were attained using Auto CAD, by which a upper bodice pattern for elderly women was drawn on the basis of short measured method. The results are as following: As for most items, no significant differences were shown between measurements from Martin's anthropometry and those from 3D scan data, suggesting measurement from 3D scan data could be used to draft a pattern. The drafting equations acquired were as follows; width of pattern=B/2+5.5, width of waist=W/2+3.5cm, dart amount=8cm. Dart distributions were 23%(B.P.) : 20%(front armpit) : 17%(side seam) : 18%(back armpit) : 15%(back protruded point) : 7% (center back line). Through wearing test using 5-point Likert scale, resultant pattern was evaluated as appropriate for elderly women's pattern to get over 4 point. As a result, it might be said that 3D scanning application is effective for elderly women in that it doesn't take time so much as Martin's anthropometry and that their body shape vary compared with those of young women.

• 대한방사성의약품학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2017

To assess the effects of filter and reconstruction of Cu-64 PET data on Siemens scanner, the various reconstruction algorithm with various filters were assessed in terms of spatial resolution, non-uniformity (NU), recovery coefficient (RC), and spillover ratio (SOR). Image reconstruction was performed using filtered backprojection (FBP), 2D ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM), 3D reprojection algorithm (3DRP), and maximum a posteriori algorithms (MAP). For the FBP reconstruction, ramp, butterworth, hamming, hanning, or parzen filters were used. Attenuation or scatter correction were performed to assess the effect of attenuation and scatter correction. Regarding spatial resolution, highest achievable volumetric resolution was $3.08mm^3$ at the center of FOV when MAP (${\beta}=0.1$) reconstruction method was used. SOR was below 4% for FBP when ramp, Hamming, Hanning, or Shepp-logan filter were used. The lowest NU (highest uniform) after attenuation & scatter correction was 5.39% when FBP (parzen filter) was used. Regarding RC, 0.9 < RC < 1.1 was obtained when OSEM (iteration: 10) was used when attenuation and scatter correction were applied. In this study, image quality of Cu-64 on Siemens Inveon PET was investigated. This data will helpful for the quantification of Cu-64 PET data.