• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.413-419
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• 2004

This study tried to figure out the future network of Korean railways in the 21st century. We suggest some pictures about the future network of Korean railways in terms of passenger railway and freight railway and hope that our pictures contribute to establish 21st century rail network in Korea.

• 전자공학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.424-424
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• 1997

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.315-328
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze on the aesthetic collaboration appeared on the modernism arts and Haute Couture designers in the 20th century as the necessity of analyzing on the pure meaning of collaboration which is a talking point associated with culture of the 21st century. The study was performed by means of documentary method. The results are as follows; First, it was analyzed that the collaboration in the pure meaning of the first half of the 20th century had partial common points which was stated as Art Inspiration in the arts collaboration out of the 21st century collaboration. Secondly, the Haute Couture designers(Paul Poiret, Gabriell Chanel, Madeleine Vionnet and Elsa Schiaparelli) have common point that they involved into the artworking through active exchange with many artists from diversified fields in the 20th century. Especially, the characteristics of the collaboration in the forms, materials and color of their works were appeared visually. When the collaboration in the first half of 20th century was regarded entirely as mental matter of manifestation of pure aesthetics, in can be said that the big difference was mostly the maximization of mutual interest between collaborator and collaboratee in the 21st century collaboration.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.114-128
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• 1999

In a turn a century, the skepticism, mysticism and eroticism used to prevail, the people becoming anxious, expectative and doubtful about an oncoming age. The costumes tend to become more exciting and erotic in the fashion. This thesis is on understanding “What would 21 century's clothes be\ulcorner” after analyzing the specific points in an end of the century. The characteristics found from 16th century to 20th century are going to the extremes in the shapes, consistent appearance of bustle style costumes and excessive ornaments which are closely interrelated with one another. I expect the fashion in 21st century would be changed in two ways. Firstly, going to the extremes and stressing on the buttock would be going down in the end of 1999. Secondly, the comfortable clothes highest in function and technology, and also friendly to the environment, might be the main stream, rather then outwardly good looking clothes, because spirit and environment is much more emphasized than the mode by the social impact or pressure in the next era. (Korean J Human Ecology 2(1) : 114~128, 1999)

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.399-411
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• 2007

Korean organic farming has been well developed over the last two decades. It demonstrates that the number of certificated farm for organic agriculture and products have been drastically increased in recent year. However, the organic farmers have thought that organic farming rely only on organic fertilizer and they don't keep organic farming principle in which organic farmer should enhance biological activity and crop rotation. This study was to compare nutrient input, recommendation, cropping system and organic product circulation between the early $20^{th}$ century and beginning of the $21^{st}$ century. The population of Korea has increased 7.3 times more than that of a century ago but cultivated land has been decreased during 100 years. The rice production in 2002 was 4.2 times higher than that of production in 1912. The input of N, P and K in 1907 on the basis of King's suggestion was 95.6kg/ha, 15.9kg/ha and 3.0kg/ha, respectively. Nitrogen came from excreta (40%), green manure (55%) and compost (5%) in the early 20th century. On the other hand, organic farmer input organic resources such as wood chip (30.1%), compost (27.8%), rice straw (14%) and others (25%) these days. In terms of nutrient balance calculated nutrient and absorption by plants, organic rice farmer apply excessive nitrogen and phosphorus to the soil. They was used to put $7{\sim}10$ times more nitrogen than that of a century ago. Nutrient recommendation was similar in N and P between early 20th century and early $21^{st}$ century. Farmers in both century did not rotate crops in the field. Today, organic farmers engaged in more continuous cultivation than in early 20th century. Farmers in the early $20^{th}$ century produced locally, consumed locally the agricultural products, but organic farmers in the $21^{st}$ century produce the organic product in the local farmland and consumed in the large city and also a lot of foreign organic products have been imported in recent year.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.7-18
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• 2020

Communication is a process involving a group of interrelated elements working together for the purpose of information transfer. This paper discusses information retrieval as a communication process in the 21st century library. The difficulties associated with access to recorded knowledge through bibliographic control devices have been exacerbated by the interposition of additional encoding processes in the library and further decoding by the users. In addition, the innovation of internet/web has revolutionized the means and mode of communication process in the library by flooding information seekers with information and creating an illusion of self-sufficiency in many users. With these changes in information seeking behaviour and pattern, a cybernetic approach to information retrieval has emerged emphasizing adaptive control mechanisms and feedback processes. This paper argues that libraries should strive to continuously remain relevant by keeping abreast with changes in the behavior of information users. To this end, this paper proposes apomediatic-cybernetic model of communication, which illustrates information retrieval processes for the 21st-century library.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2013

본 연구는 21세기에 필요한 핵심적인 학습 능력을 연구하고 미래 사회 국가 발전에 필요한 핵심 인력을 양성하는데 있다. '21세기 학습 능력 프로젝트'는 학습자의 학습 능력과 개인 회적으로 가치 있는 주제를 중심으로 기존 지식과 학문을 다학문적, 통합적으로 접근 하는 것이다. 국내에서도 학습 능력 배양을 위한 다양한 교과 간 통합 교육과정의 시도가 있었으나 각 교과의 내용과 특성의 차이를 충분히 이해하여 효과적으로 교수할 수 있는 교사가 부족하고 현장에서 쉽게 적용하는데 어려움이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 21세기에 필요한 학습 능력 신장을 위해 학문의 지식을 통합하는 다학문적 맞춤형 교육과정을 개발하고 이를 효율적으로 지원하기위해 교육과정 실태를 분석 연구하고 그 결과로 초 중등학교에 적용할 수 있는 다학문 맞춤형 학문 통합 모형을 제안한다.

• 대한가정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한가정학회 1997년도 Program & Abstracts * The 7th Korea-Japan Home Economics Joint Syposium
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• pp.36-42
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• 1997

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2008

Chemical engineering (ChE) was conceived at the close of the 19th century as a new discipline which was designed to support then the newly-emerging industries, oil and petrochemical, by supplying the competent engineers equipped with the pertinent engineering fundamentals and skills. It helped the said industries meet the various demands and ramifications of the new pattern of the human civilization spurred by the advent of automobile transportation at the turn of the 20th century. Now ChE once again is ready to fulfill its societal responsibility as probably the most important discipline and profession in sustaining the $21^{st}$ century human civilization providing the needed engineers (ChErs) and technologies. In this study, it is attempted to analyze the role of ChE and ChErs in this context, focusing on the macroeconomic connections embedded in the discipline that allow us to envision the big pictures of the 21st century civilization where the wellbeing of the mankind invariably hinges on five essential industries, i.e., medical, pharmaceutical, energy, environment and materials. It can be argued that ChE is the only discipline that can encompass simultaneously all those five industries indispensable to sustain the 21 st century human civilization that can be termed the era of "enjoy-healthy-living-longer". It is also believed that the historical mission ChE and ChErs are supposed to fulfill now is even bigger than that they took on a hundred years ago and subsequently accomplished with remarkable success in food, clothing, shelter and entertainment industries introducing various technological innovations. The macroeconomic viewpoints are called upon in this study as were in the 2006 article (Hyun, 2006) but focusing on ChE and ChErs this time to view the connections embedded in ChE as the essential components in understanding the historical nature of the role and responsibility of ChE and ChErs. The new paradigm for ChE is also pondered over together with the frequently-cited technology concepts such as IT, BT, NT, ET and ST which are regarded intimately germane to the characteristics and perspectives of the $21^{st}$ century civilization.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.1619-1628
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to compare and contrast the changes in wedding coordination between the end of 20th and the beginning 21st centuries. one wedding magazine was selected and used to supply data. four hundred and thirty one wedding photos were examined from a popular wedding magazine called "My Wedding", issued between 1993 and 2007. the results are described below. First, changes in make-up and hair style: from the end of 20th to the beginning of 21 st centuries, the style of make-up changed from being exaggerated with strong colors which made the typical brides make-up to utilizing the minimal color selection which made natural-looking. the hair style has also changed from up style to natural hair style. Second, changes in wedding gowns: the style of wedding gowns changed from the shapes of X line which was to cover the body figure of bride to simple shapes such as an strapless and fish-tail style of gowns. Third, changes in wedding jewelry and accessories: hair pieces consisted of large flower crowns and hair bands with flowers in the end of 20th century. the various sizes and colors of tiaras and crowns were popular in the beginning of 21 st century. for wedding accessories, large shapes of earrings and necklaces were popular at the end of 20th century, whereas various size and styles were more fashionable later on. in conclusion, brides in the beginning of 21 st century prefer to wear sexy or alluring dresses with natural hair styles and make-up, in contrast to the classic or traditional wedding outfits that were more popular at the end of 20th century.