• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.150-158
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Inflammation is known to be a risk factor for metabolic diseases. This study aimed to develop a Food-based Index of Dietary Inflammatory Potential (FBDI) and examine its association with metabolic biomarkers. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study analyzed the raw data from the 2012-2014 Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study data of 17,771 people. To analyze the relationship between foods consumed by Koreans and inflammation, we conducted a correlation analysis between 51 food groups and hs-CRP levels. The FBDI was developed from 17 food groups selected by multiple regression method. We examined whether FBDI was associated with metabolic markers (waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglyceride, and HDL-cholesterol) in the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We used binary logistic regression analysis to examine the association. RESULTS: The FBDI model included seven of the anti-inflammatory food groups and three of the pro-inflammatory food groups. The FBDI formula was calculated by multiplying the intake of food group by ${\beta}$-coefficients derived from the multiple regression model based on the correlation analysis. The FBDI was significantly associated with waist circumference (P < 0.001), blood pressure (P < 0.001), triglyceride level (P < 0.001), and HDL-cholesterol (P < 0.001) level among adults aged 20-64 years in the KNHANES. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 2.618 times higher in the group with the highest FBDI than in the group with the lowest one (95% confidence interval: 1.778-3.856, P for trend < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study established an FBDI reflecting food intake patterns of Koreans, which showed a significant relationship with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.268-276
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• 2014

우리 국민의 총 당류 섭취량 평가를 위해, 2008~2011년 국민건강영양조사 영양조사부문에서 24시간 회상법을 활용한 식품섭취량 조사에 응답한 33,745명 (1세 이상)의 식품섭취량 자료를 통합하여 분석자료로 활용하였으며, 미국 USDA의 SR 25와 식품의약품안전처의 1,136종 식품의 당류 함량 분석자료, 그리고 가공식품의 영양성분표시 내용 등을 활용하여 총 3,006종의 식품에 대한 총 당류 함량 DB를 구축하였다. 상기한 섭취량 데이터와 연계하여 우리 국민의 당류섭취량, 총 당류 에너지섭취비율과 주요 당류 급원식품을 분석한 결과, 우리 국민의 총 당류 섭취량은 1인 1일 평균 61.4 g이었으며, 전체 섭취 에너지의 12.8%를 차지하였다. 이 중 가공식품으로부터 섭취된 당류는 35.0 g으로 총 에너지의 7.1%에 해당되었다. 연령층에 따라서는 청소년층 (12~18세, 69.6 g)과 청년층 (19~29세, 68.4 g)의 총 당류 섭취량이 다른 연령층에 비해 높았으며, 가공식품을 통한 총 당류 섭취비율도 이들 연령층에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 가공식품을 통한 총 당류 섭취량의 주요 급원식품은 설탕, 탄산음료, 커피, 빵류, 과일 채소 음료류 등 이었으며, 가공식품을 통한 총 당류 섭취량에 대한 음료류의 기여율은 평균 18.1%이었으나 19~29세에서는 24.9%에 달할 만큼 음료류가 부각되었다. 비록 우리국민의 현재 총 당류 섭취량이 한국영양학회의 권고 수준인 총 에너지 섭취량의 10~20%를 벗어나지는 않았으나, 상대적으로 높은 총 당류 섭취수준을 보인 청소년과 청년층의 식생활에 대한 관리, 특히 음료류 섭취에 대한 관리가 필요하다는 것이 드러났으며, 우리 국민의 보다 정확한 당류섭취량 파악이 가능하도록 당의 종류별 함량 데이터베이스 구축과 함께 생애주기에 따라 차별화 된 적절한 당류 저감화 정책이 마련되고 시행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of suicidal ideation and to investigate related factors contributing to suicidal ideation in elderly people with focus on comparison of gender differences. Methods: From the database of the Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES-IV), the researchers selected 3,164 old adults aged over 65. The original study was a population-based epidemiological survey of health and nutrition in a stratified multistage clustered probability design. Data were analyzed by using ${\chi}^2$-test and t-test and multiple logistic regression with the SPSS/WIN18.0 program. Results: Suicidal ideation in women (37.5%) occurred more frequently than men (17.5%). Depression, stress, restriction on activities and quality of life were significant variables of suicidal ideation in both the men and women aged 65 over. Low educational levels and economic states were significantly associated with suicidal ideation in men but not in women. Conclusion: The development of a suicide prevention program for elders requires different approaches to the genders respectively. It is also recommended that programs be developed that can help control the variables identified in this study along with a follow-up study for verifying the model.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2014

Family type is not only an important sociodemographic variable for health studies but also influences the health behavior and health condition of individuals. This study assessed a representative sample to see whether family type is associated with health behavior in Korean adults age 65 and older. This is a cross-sectional study of 9,535 Korean elderly who participated in the 2010-2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects were classified as couple cohabitation, couple-offspring cohabitation, alone, or alone-offspring cohabitation. We assessed the relationship between family type and six health behaviors (smoking, high risk drinking, walking, oral examinations, health screenings, and influenza vaccinations) after controlling covariates. The "alone" classification had a significantly higher risk of no health screening, but was more likely to have an influenza vaccination than couples. Significant interactions between family type and healthy behavior were observed with oral health screening, influenza vaccination, and smoking {Odds ratio (95% confidence interval), 1.452 (1.066-1.980), 1.375 (1.083-1.747), 2.246 (1.604-3.146)}. There is a significant association between family type and healthy behaviors.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components and to examine the related factors in urban and rural community, South Korea. Methods: The data from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES-V) conducted in 2010 were utilized in this study. The subjects were 5,760 adults 20 years or over. The data were consisted with health survey questionnaire and health examination. $x^2$-test and logistic regression was used for the analysis SAS 9.3 applying sampling weights. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome based on the latest definition proposed the joint scientific meeting was 23.4% and 29.0% respectively in urban and rural community. Rural community showed higher prevalence of abdominal obesity (29.9% vs 38.5%), elevated blood pressure (31.3% vs 38.5%), elevated blood glucose (24.3% vs 28.4%) than urban community. The related factors were age, marital status, high risk drinking, obesity in urban community and age, marital status high risk drinking, severe physical activity, obesity in rural community. Conclusion: This study showed there was difference in prevalence and the related factors of metabolic syndrome and these findings have important implications to prevent and manage metabolic syndrome in public health field.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.45-58
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analysis the determinants and trend of suicidal ideation the elderly in Korea. Methods: This study participants were selected the elderly over the age of 55 from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2001(n=1,122), 2005(n=2,098), and 2010(n=2,402). Statistical analysis methods used in this study were $x^2$-test, logistic regression analysis and other basic statistics such frequency, percentage using SPSS version 21.0. Results: In 2001, the influencing factors of suicidal ideation was spouses, subjective health status and stress recognition. In 2005, the influencing factors of suicidal ideation were spouses, subjective health status, chronic disease amount, activity limitation, depression experience and stress recognition. In 2010, the influencing factors of suicidal ideation were elderly, education level, subjective health status, activity limitation, depression experience and stress recognition. Conclusions: The health education considering the characteristics of each elderly group should be developed and applied to prevent adults' suicidal ideation because the factors influencing suicidal ideation were revealed differently between the elderly group.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.194-204
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are regarded as modifiable risk factors for mental health in several populations. Although the consumption of SSBs is steadily increasing in Korea, there is scant evidence regarding the impact of SSB consumption on depression and suicidal ideation. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of SSB consumption with depression and suicidal ideation among adults in Korea. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We used the data for 5,465 participants (2,170 men and 3,295 women) aged ≥ 20 years from the 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects were divided into four groups according to SSB consumption using a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association of SSB consumption with depression and suicidal ideation, adjusting for sociodemographic, health behavior, and dietary variables. RESULTS: Participants consuming ≥ 1 SSB/day had a significantly higher risk of depression (odds ratio [OR], 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-2.18; P < 0.001) and suicidal ideation (OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.13-4.28; P < 0.001) compared with those in the non-SSB group after adjusting for potential confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that SSB consumption is positively associated with depression and suicidal ideation in Korean adults.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.504-518
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• 2017

본 연구는 가공식품의 섭취량이 증가하는 현실에서 국민건강영양조사 자료를 통한 정확한 영양소 섭취량 산출을 위해 국민건강영양조사의 원자료 중 최근 5년간 (2010~2014) 등장한 가공식품 4,858건에 대한 영양성분 DB를 구축하고, 이를 제6기 1차 년도 국민건강영양조사 (2013년) 자료에 적용하여 영양소 14종의 섭취량을 산출하여 구축한 DB에 대한 유용성을 검토하였다. 가공식품의 영양성분 DB 구축을 위해 국내 국가기관에 신고된 가공식품 목록 8,785건, 반조리 식품 자료배합비, 국내 국립기관에서 발간된 식품성분표 1종, 제조사 및 인터넷 등을 통해 수집된 자료를 모아 가공식품에 대한 수준별 DB를 구축하였다. 매칭 식품과 유사 식품 DB를 모두 적용 후 가공식품 섭취량은 505.8 g (30.8%)로 추정되었으며 총섭취량에 대한 기여율은 각각 에너지 29.5%, 탄수화물 27.0%, 단백질 36.7%, 지방 26.5%, 식이섬유 16.1%로 나타났다. 또한 DB 적용 후 대부분의 영양소 섭취량이 유의한 차이를 보여 구축된 DB의 유용성을 보여준다고 사료된다. 나트륨의 경우 가공식품으로 부터의 섭취량이 DB 적용 전 후 2,527.6 mg에서 3,006.2 mg으로 증가하였다. 국민건강영양조사자료의 영양소 섭취량 추정에 필요한 에너지 및 영양소 14종에 대한 국내 분석값 자료가 거의 없는 현실에서 본 연구는 DB 구축을 위한 계산값이나 대체값의 원칙을 세우고 문서화하여 가공식품 DB 구축을 위한 틀을 만들어 향후 DB 구축, 유지, 확대 등 식품영양 DB의 체계적 관리의 기초를 제공하였으며 국민건강영양조사자료를 이용하여 가공식품을 통한 영양소 섭취량 추정을 했다는 측면에서 의미가 있다고 사료된다. 향후 지속적이고 체계적인 가공식품 DB 구축과 관리가 필요하다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze factors associated with depression among wage earners by subjective health and stress perception. Methods: The study subjects include 1,787 wage earners(aged 19 and older) who are currently working, using data from the 2014 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Data were analyzed using frequency test, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression. Results: Multiple regression analysis showed that perceived stress level, subjective health status, age, monthly household income, sex, marital status, average daily sleeping time, and whether type of employment was regular or non-regular were significantly related to depression. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop an appropriate mental health promotion program and to manage prevention of depression at the national level.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.361-375
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• 2017

2010년, 2014년 3~5세의 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 유치원 및 보육시설을 이용하는 원아 509명을 대상으로 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 2014년 원아들의 조사 전날 결식률은 16.2%로, 2010년 원아의 결식률에 비해 5.5%p 증가하였다. 원아들의 연도별 영양상태를 살펴본 결과, 2014년도 원아들의 칼슘 섭취량은 권장량 대비 가장 적게 섭취한 영양소로, 2010년도 원아들에 비해 1일 39.78 mg (3세), 54.78 mg (4세) 35.78 mg (5세) 적게 섭취하였다. 영양소 적정섭취비의 경우, 2014년 4세와 5세 원아는 2010년 4, 5세에 비해 철과 티아민의 NAR이 유의하게 높았다. 영양 밀도지수에서 2014년 5세 원아의 칼슘과 인 INQ는 2010년 5세에 비해 유의하게 낮은 반면, 티아민의 INQ는 2010년 5세에 비해 높았다. 과잉섭취 대상자 비율에서는 2014년 3~5세 원아들은 2010년 원아들에 비해 철과 티아민 과잉섭취 대상자 비율이 높았다. 또한 원아들의 연령별 영양상태를 살펴본 결과에서는, 평균 영양소 적정섭취비에서 3세의 MAR은 4세와 5세에 비해 유의하게 낮았고, 평균필요량 미만으로 섭취한 영양소의 개수는 4세 (2.14개)와 5세 (1.92개)에 비해 3세에서 2.72개로 유의하게 많았다.