• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.123-142
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• 1990

The aim of this study is to apply lesson design of high school home economics to model which consists of six steps of instructional procedure among various models for instructional design, Through thesis, central content of each step was written as follows; 1) At the step of establishment of terminal instructional objectives, educational objectives, terminal instructional objectives was analyzed and specific instructional objectives was extracted. 3) At the step of diagnosis of entering behavior, ability of prior learning and ability of preliminary learning were evaluated, which was used as establishing instructional strategy and doing individual guidance. 4)At the step of determining instructional strategy, instructional strategy should be extracted by considering instructional event which is adequate to content of instruction. Instructional strategy consists of five main factor, factors, those are, activity of introduction of instruction, presentation of content of instruction and information, participation of learner and learning activity, identification of learning result, and subsequent treatment after evaluation. 5)Specific activity at the step of selection and development of instructional media consists of reidentification of instructional objectives determination of learning type, drawing up instructional media analysis sheet, synthesis of selected media, and explanatory note of selected media. In order to increase efficiency of instruction at the step of determining instructional strategy, this step should be considered simultaneously. 6)The step of try-out and evaluation of instructional design should be efficient when designed instruction was inputted at class after evaluation of each step of instructional design.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2011

This study surveyed on the synthesis of one-step type hydrophilic non-porous PU resin and the physical property of the coated fabric for the garment. Three kinds of chain extender such as MEG, 1,4-BD and NPG were used for the preparation of one-step type hydrophilic non-porous PU resin in order to examine the effect of chain extender on the physical properties of PU-coated fabric. And the effects of isocyanate on the physical properties of PU coated fabric were surveyed by mixing with various TDI and MDI ratios. In addition, the physical properties of the coated fabric treated with one-step type hydrophilic non-porous PU resin were examined according to the pre-treatment conditions such as cire finishing. Finally, the washing durability of the coated fabrics was assessed. The coated fabrics treated with PU resin synthesized with PEG1000, MEG and TDI/MDI (6/4) showed the best physical properties. Considering the pre-treatment conditions, best performance of hydraulic pressure, water vapor permeability, and water repellency were obtained with top roller rotation ratio of 150% under 50 ton pressure at $170^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.117-127
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• 2014

Purpose: In order to provide a systematic and standardized treatment course for MVD patients, a critical pathway (CP) program was developed and the results of its long term application were analyzed. Methods: This was a methodological study. The CP was established and applied to 75 (step I) and 1,216 (step II). Another group of 56 with similar features was used as a control group. Results: The application of CP turned out to be useful in many regards: the rate of hearing loss was reduced from 1.8% to 0% (step I) and 0.5% (step II), and low cranial nerve palsy was reduced from 1.8% to 1.3% and 0.7%, respectively. The length of hospitalization decreased by 2.56 days (25.2%) for step I and 3.05 days (30.0%) for step II. Days of ICU stay were reduced by 7.9% and 1.8%. The total cost per patient was reduced by 14.8% (step I). The cost per day was increased by 13.7% and 52.4%. An increase in the patient satisfaction index was noted, as shown in the ICU information guide (p=.002). Conclusion: The development and application of CP was found to improve the quality of medical treatment and the efficacy of hospital management in MVD patients. Well organized and efficient system and multidisciplinary teamwork are the key component of the successful application of CP.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.36-45
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• 2021

To remove the Cu secondary phase remaining on the surface of a CIGSSe absorber layer manufactured by the two-step process, KCN etching was applied before depositing the CdS buffer layer. In addition, it was possible to increase the conversion efficiency by air annealing after forming the CdS buffer layer. In this study, various pre-treatment/post-treatment conditions wereapplied to the S-containing CIGSSe absorber layerbefore and after formation of the CdS buffer layer to experimentally confirm whether similareffects as those of Se-terminated CIGSe were exhibited. Contrary to expectations, it was noted that CdS air annealing had negative effects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.612-617
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• 2009

Fresh vegetable juice is a non-heat treated product and the only step to reduce microbial growth is washing. Therefore, the materials for fresh vegetable juice including Angelica keiskei, Brassica loeracea var. acephala, and Daucus carota L. were treated by ozone after the first washing process and investigated for microbial and chemical changes. The number of the total aerobic bacteria in materials after selection step were $8.2{\times}10^5{\sim}5.0{\times}10^6\;CFU/g$, which was a higher contamination level than the limit of Korea food code ($10^5\;CFU/g$). However, after the 1st washing process and ozone treatment, the total aerobic bacterial number was reduced to $4.7{\times}10^4{\sim}6.7{\times}10^4\;CFU/g$, which showed 2 log microbial reduction. After the 2nd washing step followed by ozone treatment, there was no difference in microbial number. The number of colifroms in the materials of fresh vegetable juice were $8.0{\times}10^3{\sim}3.5{\times}10^3\;CFU/g$ initially but showed $1.5{\times}10^2{\sim}3.0{\times}10^2\;CFU/g$ after the ozone treatment (1 log reduction). On the other hand, there was no changes in the contents of ascorbic acid, flavonoids, polyphenols, minerals (cadmium and lead) during all processes. In addition, no color changes were observed during washing process. Therefore, ozone treatment in the materials of fresh vegetable juice decreased the microbial numbers. Also, chemical characteristics of ozone treated sample were not different when compared with control.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.165-168
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• 2008

The hybrid ($CSR2{\times}CSR4$) eggs treated with acid were taken up for the study with an objective to develop long-term preservation schedule. The hybrid eggs obtained with two mating duration (3 h and 6 h) and oviposition period (6 h and 24 h) with two age groups of eggs (24 h and 36 h) were treated with Hydrochloric acid. These eggs were subjected to preservation at $5^{\circ}C$ in single step refrigeration and at $5^{\circ}C$ and $2.5^{\circ}C$ under double step refrigeration from $10{\sim}120$ days. These eggs were released from the cold storage as per the specified durations and incubated at standard conditions and allowed 2 h for hatching at 450 lux light. Hatchability was found to be significantly higher or on par with the control in three treatments (T1, T2 and T4) where the eggs are preserved continuously at $5^{\circ}C$ up to 30 days. However under double step refrigeration, hatching was not significantly affected in 20+60 day's combination of T1 treatment up to 80 days. Bioassay studies of the promising treatment i.e.. T1 with (20+60) days indicated that early stage loss and cocoon yield was found to be on par with the control. Hence this treatment was recommended for preservation of acid treated new bivoltine hybrid layings. Details of the hatchability and rearing performance of long term preservation of acid treated eggs are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.337-345
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• 2015

Two step rapid filter system as a pre-treatment for the injected water into aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) in Korea was developed to reduce physical blockage and secure the volume of the injected water. First, single rapid sand filters with three different media sizes (0.4~0.7, 0.7~1.0 and 1.0~1.4 mm) were tested. Only two sizes (0.4~0.7 and 0.7~1.0 mm) satisfied target turbidity, below 1.0 NTU. However, they showed the fast head loss. To prevent the fast head loss and secure the volume of the injected water, a rapid anthracite filter with roughing media size (2.0~3.4 mm) were installed before a single rapid sand filter. As results, both the target turbidity and reduction of head loss were achieved. It was determined that the media size for a rapid sand filter in two step rapid filter system (i.e. a rapid anthracite filter before a rapid sand filter) was 0.7~1.0 mm. In addition, the effects of coagulant doses on the removal of natural organic matter (NOM), which might cause a biological clogging, were preliminarily evaluated, and the values of $UV_{254}$, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and SUVA were interpreted.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.3-5
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• 2001

ZnO thin films are deposited on $SiO_2$/Si (111) substrate by RF magnetron sputtering. The two-step deposition method is proposed to enhance both the c-axis orientation and the resistivity of ZnO films. This method consists of the following two procedures: the 1 st-deposition for 30 min without oxygen at l00W and the 2nd-deposition with oxygen added in the range of $O_2/(Ar+O_2)=10{\sim}50%$. Effects of thermal treatment on the properties of ZnO films are systematically investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.3-3
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• 1995

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.105-107
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• 2023