• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제41권10호
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• pp.1179-1182
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 sine-linear phase difference 방식과 DPCM 방식의 차동 양자화 기술을 응용하여 새로운 ROM 압축방식을 제안하고 이를 이용하여 저전력 직접 디지털 주파수 합성기를 FPGA를 사용하여 설계 및 제작한다. ROM 크기를 줄이기 위해 사인파의 1/4 주기를 $2^N$간격으로 표본화하여 양자화된 값을 양자화 ROM1에 저장하고 각 표본화 사이를 $2^K$간격으로 표본화하고 ROM1에 저장된 표본화 값의 차이를 ROM2에 저장하여 ROM의 크기를 줄이는 방식을 사용한다. 이를 사용함으로써 기존 방식 대비 약 37%의 ROM 크기만 필요하게 되여 전력 소모를 줄일 수 있다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제12권2호통권28호
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• pp.33-42
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• 1998

In the presence of incident waves with different frequencies, the second order sum and difference frequency waves due to the nonlinearity of the incident waves come into existence. Although the magnitudes of the forces produced on a Tension Leg Platform(TLP) by these nonlinear waves are small, they act on the TLP at sum and difference frequencies away from those of the incident waves. So, the second order sum and difference frequency wave loads produced close to the natural frequencies of TLPs often give greater contributions to high and low frequency resonant responses. The second order wave exciting forces and moments have been obtained by the method based on direct integration of pressure acting on the submerged surface of a TLP. The components of the second order forces which depend on first order quantities have been evaluated using the three dimensional source distribution method. The numerical results of time domain analysis for the nonlinear wave exciting forces in regular waves are compared with the numerical ones of frequency domain analysis. The results of comparison confirmed the validity of the proposed approach.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.168-176
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• 2019

배열의 설계주파수보다 높은 주파수의 표적신호가 수신되는 경우 공간 에일리어싱에 의해 빔형성에 모호성이 발생한다. 이를 극복하기 위해 Abadi가 차주파수 빔형성 기법을 제안하였다. 하지만 차주파수 빔형성 기법은 차주파수의 값에 따라 최소한의 대역폭이 필요한 제약조건이 있다. 본 논문에서는 주파수-파수 스펙트럼의 특성과 라돈변환을 이용하여 공간 에일리어싱이 발생하는 표적신호의 방위를 추정하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 대역을 가지는 신호의 주파수 대역 내에서 방위추정의 모호성은 발생하지 않고, 표적의 방위를 추정할 수 있다. 하지만 대역을 가지는 신호에만 적용이 가능한 제약조건이 있다. 광대역 신호에 대해 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 알고리즘을 구현하고, 이를 SAVEX15 (Shallow Water Acoustic Variability EXperiment 2015)의 딱총새우 소음신호를 이용하여 차주파수 빔형성 기법의 결과와 비교 검증하였다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.154-159
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• 2019

수중 이동 음원의 방사 소음을 측정하는 경우 음원과 수신기 사이의 거리 정보가 중요한 평가 요소이며, 수신기 위치, 음원의 수심 및 속도 등과 같이 측정 규격이 정해져 있다. 이동하는 수중 음원의 거리를 찾는 방법으로써 상호 상관도를 사용하는 방법이 있지만 이 방법은 송신기와 수신기 사이의 시간 동기화 과정을 필요로 한다. 본 논문에서는 이론적으로 계산된 다중 경로 신호 사이의 도달 주파수 차와 수신 신호에서 추정된 다중 경로 신호의 도달 주파수 차를 비교하여 거리를 추정하는 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 방법과는 다르게 제안한 방법은 시간 동기화 과정이 필요하지 않다. 성능 검증을 위해 모의실험을 수행하였으며, 거리 오차가 기존의 방법에 비해 약 95 % 감소하였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.305-312
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• 2018

This study was carried out to investigate euphausiid abundance in an acoustic survey from March 2010 to July 2010 to suggest reasonable usage and management of the euphausiid Euphausia pacifica in the coastal area of Guryongpo Pohang. The acoustic data were analyzed by the 2-frequency difference method and the distorted wave born approximation acoustical theoretical model, which is used for organisms of weak target strength with small scatter, such as euphausiid scatter, among other marine organisms. The distribution and monthly density of euphausiids were estimated in the survey area. The results show that the volume back scattering strength frequency difference for euphausiid was 13.91-7.6 dB, and their monthly averag density was $28.2g/m^2$.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2022

In September and October 2020, combined acoustic and trawl surveys were conducted in the northwestern sea of Jeju Island. In the survey area, a region, so called Jeju region, was designated to esimate the biomass of chub mackerel and jack mackerel using a trawl survey method and frequency difference method. In the September survey, the weight ratios of jack mackerel and chub mackerel to the total catch were 24.6% and 2.8%, respectively, and in the October survey, those ratios were 24.9% and 20.7%, which were used to calculate their biomass (trawl survey). Using the frequency difference range (-8 to -3dB) corresponding to two species in 120 and 200 kHz, their biomass was estimated (frequency difference method). As a result, the biomass of two species from the trawl method was 3252.3 tons in September and 5777.0 tons in October. The estimated biomass by the frequency difference method was 4926.6 tons in September and 7521.5 tons in October. It was the first trial to estimate the biomass of two species using the trawl and frequency differencing methods in South Korea although there were some differences between two methods. In addition, horizontal distributions of acoustic backscattering strength over the entire survey area were mapped.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권10호
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• pp.2514-2526
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• 2013

This paper presents a detection method for least significant bit matching revisited (LSBMR) steganography. Previous research shows that the adjacent pixels of natural images are highly correlated and the value 0 appears most frequently in pixel difference. Considering that the message embedding process of LSBMR steganography has a weighted-smoothing effect on the distribution of pixel difference, the frequency of the occurrence of value 0 in pixel difference changes most significantly whereas other values approximately remain unchanged during message embedding. By analyzing the effect of LSBMR steganography on pixel difference distribution, an equation is deduced to estimate the frequency of difference value 0 using the frequencies of difference values 1 and 2. The sum of the ratio of the estimated value to the actual value as well as the ratio of the frequency of difference value 1 to difference value 0 is used as the steganalytic detector. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively detect LSBMR steganography and can outperform previous proposed methods.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.788-798
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• 2017

Antarctic krill Euphausia superba are important components of the Antarctic marine ecosystem both economically and ecologically; to manage this species effectively, their distribution and abundance must be understood. Using the Kwang Ja-Ho (3,012 tonnage), a commercial fishing vessel, we conducted acoustic surveys during April 13-24, 2016, to estimate the distribution and population size of krill around the South Shetland Islands of the Antarctic Continent, We used acoustic techniques based on the dB-difference, a method used mainly to classify of marine species. We found that Antarctic krill were present in numbers over 99% at six survey stations, with the exception of Station 3, where we only found Electrona carlsbergi. There was no difference in cell size due to frequency differences, but echo signals differed between species: 4.7-12.0 dB for Antarctic krill, and -4.1~0 dB for Electrona carlsbergi.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.260-263
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• 2003

Lasers are used as the source of the interferometers in the industrial field. These lasers need 2 requirements. The first is the narrow linewidth of laser for the long coherence length. The second is the stabilized frequency of laser for the precision measurement. Now HeNe lasers are mostly used and the frequency stability is about 10$^{-9}$ . In this paper, we construct the HeNe laser systems of frequency stabilization using typical 2 method, the beat frequency stabilization method and the intensity difference method. So, we get the frequency stabilities of 2.01$\times$10$^{-9}$ (0.1s), 3.4$\times$10$^{-9}$ (0.1s).

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.269-294
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• 2013

This paper is concerned with the determination of exact buckling loads and vibration frequencies of variable thickness isotropic plates using well known finite difference technique. The plates are subjected to uni, biaxial compression and shear loadings and various combinations of boundary conditions are considered. The buckling load is found out as the in plane load that makes the determinant of the stiffness matrix equal to zero and the natural frequencies are found out by carrying out eigenvalue analysis of stiffness and mass matrices. New and exact results are given for many cases and the results are in close agreement with the published results. In this paper, like finite element method, finite difference method is applied in a very simple manner and the application of boundary conditions is also automatic.