• Title/Summary/Keyword: 1st Frequency

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Effect of acupuncture applied to Naegwan (PC6) and Joksamni (ST36) on the fullness of epigastrium or epigastric pain (내관(PC6).족삼리(ST36) 자침(刺鍼)이 심하통(心下痛) 심하만(心下滿) 등 신경성질환에 미치는 영향)

  • Sohn, In-Chul
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.111-118
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    • 2006
  • Objectives : To test the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture applied to PC6 and ST36 for the relief of fullness of epigastrium or epigastric pain. Subjects and Methods : We enrolled fifty patients in a case series study The patients were mainly female (94 %) with an average age of 55 years $({\pm}15.0)$; the average age of the male patients was 51 years $({\pm}20.0)$. Twenty four percent of patients were in acute phase which epigastric pain had lasted below 1 month. Twenty eight percent of patients were in chronic phase which the pain had lasted over 6 month. The rest were in subacute phase. Acupuncture needles were inserted into PC6 and ST36 bilaterally. The acupuncture treatments were performed 2 times a week for 4 weeks. One treat session was lasted for 30 min. At each visit, overall symptomatic improvement, frequency and intensity of symptoms were checked on a 4 scaled questionnaire. Results : After acupuncture treatment, a progressive improvement of pain intensity was reported in 46 of the 50 patients, including 23 of excellent and 23 of good. The progress of symptom was more superior in subacute phase to acute or chronic phase. The symptom of 22 of 24 patients in subacute phase was improved. No patient experienced minor side-effects during acupuncture treatment. Conclusion : These preliminary data suggest the acupuncture treatment provides good pain relief for most patients presenting with epigastric pain. Randomized trials with appropriate control groups are needed to validate the effectiveness of this therapy in the treatment of epigastric pain.

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Nursing Action Analysis of Operation Room Nurse According to Their Career Ladders (수술실 간호사의 경력등급별 간호행위분석)

  • Chae, Su Jeong;Ahn, Jun Hee;Kim, Eun Hye;Kim, Hyo Jung
    • Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.86-98
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of developing a training manual for operation room nurses through an examination of nursing actions in terms of the frequency of performance, importance, and the levels of difficulty. The participants were recruited from the five university-affiliated hospitals according to one's career ladders, resulting in getting 181 OR nurses enrolled. Methods: Researchers developed a questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale which measuring OR nurses' actions, importance, and the levels of difficulty. The frequencies of performance, importance and the levels of difficulty of nursing action were compared according to their career ladders using one-way ANOVA. Results: The frequencies of performance showed significant differences in 26 items according to the participants' career ladders; the importance in 6 items; and the levels of difficulty in 19 items among the OR nurses' actions. Conclusion: Given the fact that the significant differences were shown in the frequencies of performance, importance, and the levels of difficulty in nursing action across differing work experience, continuous development and application of job training based on one's work experience seem crucial in practice.

Strength and Fatigue Analysis of Universal Joint (유니버설조인트의 강도 및 피로 해석)

  • Cho, Jae-Ung;Han, Moon-Sik
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.427-433
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    • 2011
  • Chassis part in automotive body is affected by fatigue load at driving on the ground. Universal joint on this part is influenced extremely by the fatigue load. Fatigue life, damage and natural frequency are analyzed at universal joint under nonuniform fatigue load. The york part at universal joint is shown with the maximum equivalent stress and displacement of 60.755 MPa and 0.21086 mm as strength analysis. The possible life in use in case of 'SAE bracket' is the shortest among the fatigue loading lives of 'SAE bracket', 'SAE transmission' and 'Sine Wave'. The damage at loading life of 'SAE transmission' is the least among 3 types. The frequency of damage in case of 'Sine Wave' is 0.7 with the least among 3 fatigue loading life types but this case brings the most possible damage as 80% at the average stress of 0. Natural vibration at this model is analyzed with the orders of 1'st to 5'th and maximum frequency is shown as 701.73 Hz at 5'th order. As the result of this study is applied by the universal joint on chassis part, the prevention on fatigue damage in automotive body and its durability are predicted.

Modeling of Feed Drive System Considering Combined Stiffness with Longitudinal And Twist Direction (볼스크류의 축-비틀림 복합강성을 고려한 이송계 모델링)

  • 이찬홍;박천홍;노승국;이후상
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 2002.05a
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    • pp.387-390
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    • 2002
  • In machine tools, the stiffness of feed drive system is very important for high speed and accurate operation. The ball screw driven feed system has small friction, so the longitudinal and twist stiffness are connected directly and affected by each other. As the longitudinal and twist stiffness are participated in total stiffness of feeding system by about ratio of 4:1, the combined stiffness is necessary to compute when stiffness of feed system is estimated. In this paper, calculation of this combined stiffness is derived and applied for an actual ballscrew fled drive system. The static stiffness and 1 st natural frequency of the feed system is measured, and it is proved the difference between estimation and experiment result is less than 6%.

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Fabrication of Plate-Type Linear Ultrasonic Motor (평판형 선형 초음파 모터의 시작)

  • Lee, J.S.;Jung, S.H.;Lee, K.W.;Lim, K.J.;Kim, Y.W.;Im, T.B.
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1998.07d
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    • pp.1534-1536
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    • 1998
  • We designed and fabricated plate-type linear ultrasonic motor. It used multi-vibration mode, 1st Longitudinal and 4th Bending mode. To analyze vibration mode and find maximum displacement point, we simulated using FEM(Finite Element Method). The plate-type linear ultrasonic motor was fabricated by the simulation results. Also, to confirm application to card-forwarding device, frequency and load characteristics were measured. Its resonance frequency was 49.6 kHz, and its maximum speed was about 0.6m/s when no load. Also, its maximum efficiency was 1.2 % and in that time, speed and torque was 0.3 m/s and 0.7 mNm, respectively.

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Experimental Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of a Missile Structure Depending on Fastening Method (체결 방식에 따른 유도탄의 동적 특성에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Jeon, Ho-Chan;Song, Ohseop
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.452-459
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    • 2019
  • In order to design and manufacture structures such as a guided missile, assembly process with fastener is an essential method of fabrication. In this study, the dynamic characteristics of a cylindrical structure with bolted joints were studied using experimental methods. The change of the natural frequency of the structure with the change of the fastening method and the tightening torque were measured by the test and the finite element analysis was performed using the stiffness model of the fastening part according to the fastening method and compared with the test results.

Optimum Parameter Determination of PLL Used in Timing Clock Recovery Circuit (타이밍 클릭 복원 회로에 사용된 PLL의 최적 파라미터 결정)

  • Ryu, Heunggyoon;ANN, Souguil
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.376-380
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    • 1987
  • The closed-loop transfer function of 2-nd order PLL (phase-looked loop)of which loop filter has active-lag 1-st order is found. Considering the three criteria of system performance: the transient response time of the circuit, noise bandwidth by the linear analysis and stability which uses root-locus method, the optimum value of damping factor is 1.0 and the natural frequency which depends upon the signal frequency can be determined after consideration of the trade-off relationship between the transient response time and the noise bandwidth.

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Clinicopathologic Profile of Breast Cancer Patients in Pakistan: Ten Years Data of a Local Cancer Hospital

  • Khokher, Samina;Qureshi, Muhammad Usman;Riaz, Masooma;Akhtar, Naseem;Saleem, Afaf
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.693-698
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    • 2012
  • Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer of women worldwide, with considerable geographic and racial/ethnic variation. Data are generally derived from population based cancer registries in the developed countries but hospital data are the most reliable source in the developing countries. Ten years data from 1st Jan 2000 to 31st Dec 2009 of a cancer hospital in Pakistan were here analyzed by descriptive statistics to evaluate the clinicopathologic profile of local breast cancer patients. Among 28,740 cancer patients, 6,718 were registered as breast cancer. The female to male ratio was 100:2. Breast cancer accounted for 23% of all and 41% of female cancers. Some 46% were residents of Lahore, with a mean age of $47{\pm}12$ years. Less than 1% were at Stage 0 and 10%, 32%, 35% and 23% were at Stage I, II, III and IV respectively. Histopathology was unknown in 4% while 91%, 2% and 1% had invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and mucinous carcinoma respectively. Rare carcinomas accounted for the rest. Tumor grade 1, 2 and 3 was 11%, 55% and 34% among the known. Profile of breast cancer patients in Pakistan follows a pattern similar to that of other developing countries with earlier peak age and advanced disease stage at presentation. The male breast cancer accounts for higher proportion in the local population. Local women have higher frequency of IDC and lower frequency of ILC and DCIS, owing probably to a different risk profile. Use of hospital information systems and establishment of population based cancer registry is required to have accurate and detailed local data. Promotion of breast health awareness and better health care system is required to decrease the burden of advanced disease.

A Polynomial-Time Algorithm for Linear Cutting Stock Problem (선형 재료절단 문제의 다항시간 알고리즘)

  • Lee, Sang-Un
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.18 no.7
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    • pp.149-155
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    • 2013
  • Commonly, one seeks a particular pattern suitable for stock cutting and the number of such patterns through linear programming. However, since the number of the patterns increases exponentially, it is nearly impossible to predetermine all the existing patterns beforehand. This paper thus proposes an algorithm whereby one could accurately predetermine the number of existing patterns by applying Suliman's feasible pattern method. Additionally, this paper suggests a methodology by which one may obtain exact polynomial-time solutions for feasible patterns without applying linear programming or approximate algorithm. The suggested methodology categorizes the feasible patterns by whether the frequency of first occurrence of all the demands is distributed in 0 loss or in various losses. When applied to 2 data sets, the proposes algorithm is found to be successful in obtaining the optimal solutions.

Kinematic Analysis of Hurdle Clearance Technique for 110-m Men's Hurdlers at IAAF World Championships, Daegue 2011 (2011 대구세계육상선수권대회 110m 허들 선수의 허들링 기술 동작의 운동학적 분석)

  • Park, Young-Jin;Ryu, Jae-Kyun;Ryu, Ji-Seon;Kim, Tae-Sam;Hwang, Won-Seob;Park, Sang-Kyoon;Yoon, Suk-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.529-540
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the kinematic characteristics of $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ hurdle clearances during the final of the 110-m hurdles at the IAAF World Championships, Daegu 2011. To this end, the hurdling motions of the top 4 ranked male hurdlers in the competition were analyzed. A total of 12 cameras were used to record their motions, with a sampling frequency of 120 Hz. The cameras were calibrated using $11{\times}2{\times}1\;m$ control objects that covered all of the lanes (1st~8th lanes). After analyzing all the data, we arrived at the following results. In the take-off phase, all athletes revealed similar take-off times (CT), and similar distances from the take-off to hurdleto (L1) and hurdle to landing (L2). In particular, Turner, ranked $3^{rd}$, had an inconsistent L2 and may need further training to correct it. In the flight phase, Richardson, ranked $1^{st}$, showed the longest flight distance, whereas Xiang, who was ranked $2^{nd}$, showed the highest CG height from the hurdle. For the step patterns, to increase the pitch frequency, Richardson and Xiang used shorter 3-step lengths than Turner and Oliver.