• 한국조경학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.36-51
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• 2005

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse modem urbanization process and the morphological transformation of the urban tissues in Kunsan between the you 1899 and 2001, The method of this study is to investigate the transformation process of morphological elements such as plot structure, building layout, building facades, land use, exterior space structure and their use, with actual field surveys, the analysis of land registration maps in 1912, and various topological map. Morphological analysis on modern Kunsan is progressed by three steps-typo-morphological analysis of urban tissue in old-town area, interpretation of morphological process, and transformation process, of morphological structure in Japanese concession in view of plots system. As a result, it is found that there is cyclical relationship among the morphological transformation processes of morphological elements, plots, buildings, land-uses, and access space to buildings. From the view of town plan change, the period of restoration of war damage in 1950s and compressive growing period in 1960s have important meaning in the morphological process of old-town area. Particularly the first building plan and layout type together with plot form and structure is acted as the main factor to decide the subsequent plot transformation system, exterior space system and the particular streetscape in Kunsan.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2019

This study explores the emergence of a modern form of Cheongju-eup townscape in the late 1930s by re-examining the 1960s restoration model of Seongan-dong and Jungang-dong in Cheongju, one of the historic cities in South Korea. According to the acquired data from the restoration model, it is found that the construction of a new urban area during the late 1930 was resulted from the following events: the development of a railroad station located outside of the north gate of Cheongju-eup since 1921, the completion of Musimcheon embankment outside the south gate in 1932, and the construction of Chungcheongbuk provincial office outside the eastern gate in 1937. In this period of development, which the author named 'Cheongju-eup period', the streets in the old castle, consisting only of two-story financial buildings, had been expanded from the existing area at the Seongan-gil intersection to the outside the east gate of Cheongju-eup. In addition, public government buildings, which were mainly located in both Seongan-gil and Yulgok-ro in the east-west direction, were newly constructed during the late 1930s in Seokgyo-dong, a new area in which a large number of commercial buildings including department stores, clothing stores, shoes shops, and watch stores were also built along the streets. Moreover, the modern form of Cheongju-eup was to be formed by several construction projects in the area of Jungang-ro in the late 1930s. Until the 1920s, the townscape outside the northern gate of Cheongju-eup, were composed of primary, agricultural, and female schools built on a largest site of Gyoseo-ro and Daeseong-ro as well as a transportation warehouse and a railway office near the Cheongju station. Then, entering the 1930s, new school buildings and domestic industrial shops and factories were built around the area of Jungang-ro ranging from the railway outside the northern gate to Bangadari. As a result, the expansion of townscape with newly constructed buildings in the late 1930s marked the emergence of a modern form of Cheongju-eup.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.89-105
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• 2004

This paper investigates morphological theory as an intellectual framework for research and design. The first part of the paper will review morphological studies in the fields of urban geography, urban planning and architecture, particularly in England from the 1940s to the 1980s. While urban geographers and planners were concerned primarily with town plans, building forms and land use, architectural theoreticians were more interested in the topological relationship between urban and architectural space. The underlying premises and principles of these two approaches will be reviewed. The second part of the paper will focus on typology in Europe and North America. The reinterpretation of typology by Italian architects helped to bridge the gap between individual elements of architecture and the overall form of the city. However, typological theory became less accessible in post-war England and the United States. After 1980, the debate on typology became muted by the onset of vague notions such as functionalism, bio-technical determinism, and contextualism. This paper will propose a redefinition of morphology as a heuristic device, in contrast with the dichotomic view of urban morphology and architectural typology. Morphology will be shown to combine the geometrical and topological; the intentional and accidental; the real and abstract; and a priori and a posteriori. The last part of the paper discusses the lack of comparative theories and methods surrounding the physical form of architecture and the city by Korea commentators. Empirically rooted facility planning, non-comparative historical studies, and iconographic criticism emerged as a central preoccupation of architectural culture between the 1960s and 1980s, a time when international debate on architecture and urbanism was most intense. This paper will give consideration to the built environment as a dynamic physical entity and space as an epiphenomenon of daily urban life, such that collaboration between urban designers, architects, and landscape architects is seen as both beneficial and necessary.

• 복식
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2008

The tendency of exuberant multi-everything, enormous volumes and decoration has been showed in fashion since the 21st century. This tendency is very interesting in contrast to the tendency of restraint, simplicity and removing decoration which has been showed in the modern fashion throughout the 20th Century and especially minimalism fashion in the 1960s and the 1990s with the expectation of New Millenium. Maximalism is this kind of exuberant expression emerged since 2000. However, studies about maximalism in fashion have not been performed enough. Thus this study tried to analyze the aesthetic characteristics of maximalism in the modern fashion according to the previous studies of maximalism in design and architecture with social cultural background. The scope of this study was from 2000 to 2006, and this study was performed through literature survey with demonstrative analyzation of fashion collection photographs. The results are as follows; Maximalism has the meaning of 'maximum oriented-ism' and has aesthetic view of 'more/bigger is more beautiful.' The formativeness of maximalism in modern fashion was analyzed as fusion, enlargement, decoration, and fantasy. The internal meaning was analyzed as recovery of human being through pursuing of sensibility, fun and newness.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2020

The study of the modern age period folk house is still insufficient in the Korean folk house study. The study subject had a tendency towards mainly on the plan in the field of the traditional folk house which had been studied relatively lively. We were going to grasp the formation and the actual situation of the folk house in this paper targeting at Yeosu city where the folk houses were left relatively a lot. Specifically, we examined it how the composition and dimensions of timber framework changed according to period. The division of period from before 1910 to the 1960s classified it at 4 periods on the basis of the sociocultural change. However, as a result of investigation analysis, the change of the composition and dimensions of timber framework was classified at 3 periods not 4 periods. The division of 3 periods is "traditional era", "modern age 1", and "modern age 2" not "traditional era", "modern age", and "contemporary age". The folk house group came as a common name for folk house without doing the division of period until now. There is a meaning in that this paper subdivided the period of the folk house group by the change of the timber framework technology. The timber framework is the effective index to investigate the actual condition because the change is difficult after building. Therefore, we examined it including the dimensions as well as the composition of timber framework in this paper comprehensively and systematically.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.88-93
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• 1999

In modern period, the history of highway landscaping can be divided into three stages. The first stage from the late 1960s to the early 1970s : during this period revegetation operation started and landscape architecture was introduced. The second stage from the late 1970s to the early 1980s : during this period the definition of functional planting which had played the most important role in highway landscaping was established. Also, highway landscaping was influenced by Japan, and the revegetation of highway slopes were applied with Seedspray, Block-sodding methods, and so on. The third stage from late 1980s to the present : during this period eco-landscaping was introduced and began to mix with ecosystem techniques. The revegetation works of cutting-rock slopes have widely been developed. Many people think that landscaping is necessary for us, and that revegetation method is effective to conserve slope environment. Based on accumulated data we have to improve the function of landscaping and revegetation method, and also have to establish the method of landscaping harmonized with our own landscape.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is on the application of the facade design of k-national university in deagu. The subjects of the study examined 75 buildings from the 117 university buildings in main campus. The analysis items is analyzed by several elements; flat and sloping roof, main entrance, design principle, style of architecture, finishing materials, and characteristics of design surveyed by analysis items. The results are as follows: In the 1950s, 2 subjects have shown conflicting characteristics except brick finishing materials. In he 1960s, flat make up 75% of a whole, centrality in main entrances occur, but have an asymmetrical, during this period vertical motif have been underlined by repetition of column, stone has application to main adminstration building. The buildings in the 1970s were so characteristics of modern architecture by painting and flat except main entrance at the center of facade. In the 1980s, position of main entrance have a corner of a wall, finishing materials of a wall were beginning to use stone, glass and metal. The buildings in the 1990s and 2000s are looking a three-dimensional composition by rhythm of superimposition and segmentation and all finishing materials of analysis items are in use.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.160-165
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• 2003

Art of today is expressed in various images incorporated in industrial development and visible in industrial parks, modern cities. Avant garde art and modernism brought abstract and conceptual art into conflict in the early 20th century and they absorbed elements of each other and grew into post modernism, which emerged in the 1960s and is still current. The avant garde challenged what was lofty and sometimes opposed modernism and sometimes fed it in cycles until post modernism was established. 'Trans avant garde', which, unlike modernism asserted individual expression, also appeared in the 1970s. Trans avant garde is spiritual art in which the artist's conversation with his soul returns. This study examines the readjustments the trans avant garde is making in its relationship with the dominant ethos of different values and offers the world art with important spiritual beauty. Trans avant garde art takes many forms, from thing to huge, which are manifested every where in architecture, interior design and everyday life.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2008년 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.425-430
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• 2008

Residential architecture was a lot more changed due to adopting modern residential type since 1960s. But people in farm houses are still living in a space of their past life causing a discrepancy. For this reason, the paper will identify the changed use for farm houses focusing on their plane views, and reason for the changed use as well. The result of this paper is expected to play a role for practical data to reasonably change and re-model farm houses located in back of cities such as Hyunpoong area. Targeted area for this paper, in order to survey change in residential environment due to industrialization and modernization, has narrowed down to 42 farm houses which are located Yuga-Myun, Hyunpoong-Gun, Dalsung-Gun where tradition and modern characteristics are harmonized being built before 1960s Researching relied on both documentary records and survey on the site, and survey on documentary records was performed in a way that preceding research for changed use of residential area was to be compared with people's farm houses in Kyeongsang-Do area, and survey on the site was carried out by photographing and land surveying and interview and analysis for them, and finally we acquired the result by analyzing use of interior for houses and plane view and relations between culture and social environment. From the result of this paper, there was a trend that farm houses had been improved function of a specific space by enlarging space and enlarged construction for inner rooms. And among spaces, kitchen and bath room was mostly enlarged its left side, and inner room had mostly enlarged its rear side, and kitchen was frequently enlarged in its side space. These kinds of variation in space is believed to be result of change of life style and house facilities

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2005

Light is the essential and symbolical entity In architecture. But the meaning of light has been changed as time has passed, and today it has plural meaning and more sophisticated role. Since 1960's 'Light and Space Art' has accomplished many successful experiments through light and space as artistic media, and they have changed the understanding of light from the electrical source to the phenomenological energy and sensual medium. And also the role of space in their works takes the more human-oriented field constituted from the coherent relationship of internal parts including human being. Light could be 'an object' and 'material' under 'Light and Space Art' artists' persistent efforts. They revealed another realm of spatial experiences such as extension-the metaphysical space, heterogeneous relationship-the complex space, and dematerialization-the illusionary space. The secondary and inclusive effects by 'Light and Space Art' can be found In the phenomenological architecture, the post-modern architecture, and the immaterial tendency of contemporary architecture. However, the more close connections between 'Light and Space Art' and the specific architectures are still left as a portion aside for the further research.