• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.213-218
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• 1998

A bacterium with potent activity of pigment production and protease was isolated and identified as being Bacillus sp. CS-17. Cell growth, protease activity and pigment production of the strain reached to its maximum point after 24 hrs, 48 hrs, 72 hrs, respectively. The best pigment producing ability of Bacillus sp. CS-17 was shown on basal medium for pigment production added 1.0% soybean. The high effcient conditions for pigment production was obtained at culture of pH 8.5, $37^{\circ}C$ and 72 hours. Among the tested 5 gram positive strains and 6 gram negative strains, weak antibacterial activity of pigment concentrated extracts was appeared against growth of B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, S. typhimurium, E. aerogenes, B. cereus, A. hydrophila.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.97-110
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• 2011

In this study, the characteristics of body type of Chinese-korean Women between 15 and 17 Years Old Living in China were reviewed by analysing factors and groups in order to provide basic data required to research body types. The following are study results. 1. The study examined average, standard deviation, the minimum value and the maximum value of the 72 items gained from measuring Chinese-korean women between 15~17 years old living in China, and found that 21 items showed more than 4.0 standard deviation among the entire measurements. 2. The current study conducted a factor analysis for the 72 items in order to extract and compare components of body types among Chinese-korean women between 15~17 years old living in China. As a result, 9 factors were extracted, and characteristic values were ranged from 1.15 to 24.71 while the accumulated contributory rate was 75.98%. 3. Chinese-korean women between 15 and 17 years old living in China were classified into three types. Among the 72 items, it was observed that there were differences among groups in 64 items including 15 height items, 10 width items, 16 circumference items, 5 thickness items, 17 length items and weight, excluding neck width, head thickness, shoulder angle, head height, face length, waist back length, scye depth and waist to kip length. 4. As a result of proportion comparison using body indexes of Korean women between 15 and 17 years old living in China and Korea, it was found that, in height item, when regarding the height as 100, Korean women between 15 and 17 years old living in China tended to have longer lower half of the body in relation to the height compared to the Korean.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.311-316
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• 2009

A 10-week feeding trial with four dietary protein levels (22%, 32%, 42% and 52%) and two dietary lipid levels (8% and 17%) was conducted to investigate the optimum dietary protein and lipid levels for growth of long-nosed barbel fingerlings. Survival rate of fish was not affected by either the dietary protein or the dietary lipid level. Weight gain and feed efficiency were affected by the dietary protein level (P<0.01), but not by the lipid level, and increased with the dietary protein level at the both lipid levels. Weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed the 52% protein diets with 8-17% dietary lipids were not significantly different from those of fish fed the 42% protein diets with 8-17% dietary lipids and 32% protein diet with 17% dietary lipid. Daily feed intake of fish was not affected by either dietary protein or dietary lipid level. Protein efficiency ratio and protein retention rate of fish fed the 32% protein diet with 17% dietary lipid were significantly higher than those of fish fed the 52% protein diets with 8-17% dietary lipids. Moisture content of fish fed the diets containing 8% lipid were higher than those of fish fed the diets containing 17% dietary lipid at each protein level. Crude lipid content of fish fed the diets containing 17% dietary lipid were higher than that of fish the fed the diet containing 8% dietary lipid at each protein level. The results of this study indicated that 32% protein and 17% lipid could be the optimum dietary level for growth of juvenile long-nosed barbel.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 1988

These studies were undertaken to examine the interaction of tamoxifen with sex steroid hormones in rat uterine activity. The uterine wet weights of the immature Tat uterus were examined after the administration of estradiol-l7$\beta$(1$\mu$g), tamoxifen(50$\mu$g), progesterone(lmg). The uterotropic activity in immature ovariectomized rats was observed under various treatment conditions following pretreatment with above drugs. The results obtained were as follows:1) Tamoxifen produced significant increase (p <0.01) in uterine wet weight compared with control group, although the increase was not as great as that seen with estradiol-17$\beta$. Administration of estradiol-17$\beta$ together with tamoxifen inhibited significantly the increase of uterine wet weight by estradiol-17$\beta$ (p < 0.01). Coadministration of progresterone with tamoxifen partly blocked the increase of tamoxifen-induced uterine wet weights by progesterone. 2) Estradiol-17$\beta$after the estradiol-17$\beta$ pretreatment discontinued the declining uterine wet weights due to the absence of estrogen support, but uteri continued to increase in weight if daily estradiol-17 $\beta$ was maintained. Administration of tamoxifen on the fourth day of estradiol-17$\beta$ treatment reduced uterine wet weights within 24 hours, and the weights continued to decline with additional tamoxifen. 3) The modest growth of the uterus induced by three daily injections of 5Opg tamoxifen remained stable for five days, with or without additional tamoxifen treatment. Coadministration of tamoxifen with estradiol17$\beta$ increased slightly the increase of uterine wet weight by tamoxifen. Coadministration of tamoxifen with progesterone inhibited the increase of uterine wet weight by tamoxifen. 4) The modest growth of the uterus induced by three daily injections of lmg progesterone reduced uterine wet weight to the control level for five days. Commencement of tamoxifen or estadiol-17 $\beta$ injections on the fourth day of progesterone treatment rapidly elevated uterine wet weight.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.374-379
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• 2007

Two experiments were designed to examine short-term effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and long-term effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa), $17{\alpha}-hydroxyprogesterone$ (17P), and $17{\alpha},20{\beta}-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one\;(17,20{\beta}P)$, alone or in combination, on milt production of the starry flounder Platichthys stellatus. In the first experiment, fish were injected with either 200 IU hCG/kg body weight or the same volume of marine fish Ringer's solution (MFRS). In the second experiment, each fish was implanted with a blank cholesterol pellet (control), $200\;{\mu}g$ GnRHa, $500\;{\mu}g$ 17P, or $100\;{\mu}g\;17,20{\beta}P/kg$ body weight alone or in combination. In the first experiment, hCG injection resulted in an increase in the expressible milt volume and a decrease in the spermatocrit (Sct). After pellet implantation in the second experiment, the milt volume was increased in males treated with GnRHa, GnRHa+17P, or $GnRHa+17,20{\beta}P$. On day 7 after hormone pellet implantation, the milt volume began to increase, and on day 14, the milt volume in the $GnRHa+500\;{\mu}g$ 17P group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Compared with the control group, the hormone pellet-treated groups had a significant reduction in the mean Sct and sperm concentration (Sc) at day 7 after pellet implantation, while there were no differences in total sperm number. The results suggest that increases in milt volume are generally associated with decreases in Sct and SC, suggesting that the main mechanism for the increase in milt volume was milt hydration.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2013

We identified four new bovine tri-nucleotide microsatellite loci and analyzed their sequence structures and genetic parameters in 105 randomly selected Korean cattle (Hanwoo). Allele numbers of the loci B17S0808, B15S6253, B8S7996, and B17S4998 were 10, 11, 12, and 29, respectively. These alleles contained a simple or compound repeat sequences with some variations. Allele distributions of all these loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). Observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.54 (B15S6253) to 0.92 (B17S4998) and from 0.599 (B15S6253) to 0.968 (B17S4998), respectively, and two measures of heterozygosity at each locus were highly correlated. Polymorphism information content (PIC) for these 4 loci ranged from 0.551 (B15S6253) to 0.932 (B17S4998), which means that all these loci are highly informative (PIC > 0.5). Other genetic parameters, power of discrimination (PD) and probability of exclusion (PE) ranged from 0.783 (B15S6253) to 0.984 (B17S4998) and from 0.210 (B15S6253) to 0.782 (B17S4998), respectively. Their combined PD and PE values were 0.9999968 and 0.98005176, respectively. Capillary electrophoresis revealed that average peak height ratio for a stutter was 13.89% at B17S0808, 26.67% at B15S6253, 9.09% at B8S7996, and 43.75% at B17S4998. Although the degree of genetic variability of the locus B15S6253 was relatively low among these four microsatellite markers, their favorable parameters and low peak height ratios for stutters indicate that these four new tri-nucleotide microsatellite loci could be useful multiplex PCR markers for the forensic and population genetic studies in cattle including Korean native breed.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.213-218
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• 1989

To investigate the possibility of using alkalophilic Bacillus sp. K-11 as a host for molecular cloning, plasmid pUB110 and pBD64 were introduced into alkalophilic Bacillus sp. K-17 by protoplast transformation system. Protoplasts of Bacillus sp. K-11 were prepared by treatment with 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ Iysozyme in SMM buffer containing 0.4M sucrose. Optimal temperature, pH and culture time for protoplast formation were 4$0^{\circ}C$, 7.0 and 4hrs, respectively. Cell wall was regenerated efficiently on DM3 medium containing 0.8% agar and 0.5M sodium succinate. Under these conditions for protoplast formation and regeneration, the highest transformation efficiency was obtained with cells incubated for 4hrs, and using 30%(V/V) of 40%(W/V) PEG6,000, In characteristics of transfer-mants, plasmid pUB110 was more stable than plasmid pBD64 in Bacillus sp. K-17. Maximum xylanase production of both transformants carrying pUB110 and pBD64, respectively was similar, but under the same conditions, enzyme secretion by transformant carrying pUB110 was earlier than that of transformant carrying pBD64.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.150-155
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• 2014

The measurement of $17{\alpha}$-hydroxyprogesterone ($17{\alpha}$-OHP) in a dried blood spot on filter paper is an important for screening of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Since high levels of $17{\alpha}$-OHP are frequently observed in premature infants without congenital adrenal hyperplasia, we evaluated cuts-off based on birth weight and performed validation. Birth weight and $17{\alpha}$-OHP concentration data of 292,204 newborn screening subjects in Greencross labopratories were analyzed. The cut-off values based on birth weight were newly evaluated and validated with the original data. The mean $17{\alpha}$-OHP concentration were 7.25 ng/mL in very low birth weight (VLBW) group, 4.02 ng/mL in low birth weight (LBW) group, 2.53 g/mL in normal birth weight (NBW) group, and 2.24 ng/mL in heavy birth weight (HBW) group. The cut-offs for CAH were decided as follows: 21.12 ng/mL for VLBW and LBW groups and 11.14 ng/mL for NBW and HBW groups. When applied new cut-offs for original data, positive rates in VLBW and LBW groups were decreased and positive rates in NBW and HBW groups were increased. The cut-offs based on birth weight should be used in the screening for CAH. We believe that our new cut-off reduce the false positive rate and false negative rate and our experience for cut-off set up and validation will be helpful for other laboratories doing newborn screening test.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.247-253
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• 2017

Accurate flood frequency and magnitude estimation has a critical role in flood risk management and damage reduction. In United States, Log Pearson Type-III (LP-III) distribution with method of moments for parameter estimation has been uniformly and consistently employed in estimating design floods. After the first version of flood frequency guidelines (Bulletin 15) was published in 1967, the revised version Bulletin 17B has been employed since 1982 up to now. A new version of flood frequency guidelines, Bulletin 17C, is prepared and about to come out soon. In the current study, we analyzed the new features of the upcoming Bulletin 17C and presented case studies applying its new features. From the presented results, we see what critical components in the new design flood frequency guideline we could learn.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.536-542
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• 2016

Interleukin-17A is a member of the IL-17 family, and is known as CTLA8 in the mouse. It is produced by T lymphocytes and NK cells and has proinflammatory roles, inducing cytokine and chemokine production. However, its role in tumor biology remains controversial. We investigated the effects of locally produced IL-17A by transferring the gene encoding it into CT26 colon cancer cells, either in a secretory or a membrane-bound form. Expression of the membrane-bound form on CT26 cells dramatically enhanced their proliferation in vitro. The enhanced growth was shown to be due to an increased rate of cell cycle progression: after synchronizing cells by adding and withdrawing colcemid, the rate of cell cycle progression in the cells expressing the membrane-bound form of IL-17A was much faster than that of the control cells. Both secretory and membrane-bound IL-17A induced the expression of Sca-1 in the cancer cells. When tumor clones were grafted into syngeneic BALB/c mice, the tumor clones expressing the membrane-bound form IL-17A grew rapidly; those expressing the secretory form also grew faster than the wild type CT26 cells, but slower than the clones expressing the membrane-bound form. These results indicate that IL-17A promotes tumorigenicity by enhancing cell cycle progression. This finding should be considered in treating tumors and immune-related diseases.