• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1122-1126
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• 2002

We have examined whether Soamsan 1 (SA 1) augment the inhibitory effect of oral administration of Soamsan (SA) on lung metastasis of mouse 816 melanoma cells. The inhibitory effect was slightly enhanced by increase in administration dosage of SA 1. SA 1 as well as SA inhibited effectively the lung metastasis regardless of the pretreatment with anti-mouseNK monoclonal antibody. However, in the case of 2-chloroadenosine-pretreated mice, the inhibitory effects of SA and SA 1 were decreased by 18 and 23%, respectively. In vitro stimulation of the mouse splenocytes with mitogens showed that SA or SA 1 significantly augmented the proliferation of mouse splenocytes. Especially, the activity was more prominent in the presence of a B cell mitogen. LPS than a T cell mitogen, Con A. These results suggest that oral administration of SA 1 or SA inhibited lung metastasis of B16 melanoma cells, possibly through a mechanism mediated by the activation of macrophages and B lymphocytes in the host immune system. However, SA 1 did not showed more significant augment of the activation of immune system than SA.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2000

For the taxonomic evaluaition, 15 strains of the genus Pectobacterium and Erwinia were analyzed for 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer regions (ISRs). These species contained two types of ISRs, large and small ISRs. Large ISRs were on the range of 474-569 bp size, and coding transfer $\textrm{RNA}^{11e}$($\textrm{tRNA}^{11e}$) and $\textrm{tRNA}^{Ala}$. Small ISRs were 354-459 bp in length and coding $\textrm{tRNA}^{Glu}$. The sequence variations of two ISRs among species and strains were very high as compared with 16S rRNA gene sequences. By phylogenetic trees on the basis of two ISRs, Pectobacterium ere differentiated into P. carotovorum-P. cactiaidum group and P. chrysanthemi group. However, the taxonomic position of E. cypripedii and E. rhapontici, which were not clear on taxonomic delineation between Pectobacterium and Erwinia, were not clearly resolved on the basis of ISRs.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.76-81
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• 1999

216 microorganisms which able to degrade wasted lubricant were isolated in the region of contaminated with wated lubricant such automobile repair shops, garages and gas stations in Taejon. Most activated strain among them is selected and used in this research. The microorganism in identified as Acinetobacter lwoffii 16C-1, which shows active growth and hydrocargon utilization withnormal alkane such as tetradecane, hexadecane and octadecane, and do not grow aromatic hydrocargons, cycloalkane, and branched alkane. In addition, A. lwoffii 16C-1 has resistance to heavy metals such as Ba, Li, Cr, and Mn more than 6.4mg/ml, and showed negligible tolerance against antibiotics. Effects of environmental conditions including concentration of wasted lubricnt, pH, NaCl concentration, nitrogen source and phosphate on microorganism growth and emulsification were studied. 2% of wasted lubricant, pH 7.0, 0-1% of NaCl, 0.2% of peptone, and 0.01% of K2HPO4 is turn out to be optimum condition. By the analysis of remaining oils, almost of hydrocarbons added to the media are removed by A. lwoffii 16C-1 at 30$^{\circ}C$ after 2 days of culture, which showed excellent oil degradation characteristics.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.110-114
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• 1997

When applying the nonuniform sampling to noisy speech signal, the required data rate increases to be comparable to or more than that by uniform sampling such as PCM. To solve this problem, we have proposed the waveform coding method, multiband nonuniform waveform coding(MNWC), applying the nonuniform sampling to band-separated speech signal[7]. However, the speech quality is deteriorated when it is compared to the uniform sampling method, since the high band is simply modeled as a Gaussian noise with average level. In this paper, as a good method to overcome this drawback, the high band is modeled as one of 16 codewords having different center frequencies. By doing this, with maintaining high speech quality as MOS score of average 3.16, the proposed method achieves 1.5 times higher compression ratio than that of the conventional nonuniform sampling method(CNSM).

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.92-101
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a dynamic bandwidth provisioning method based on traffic forecasting in IEEE 802.16e packet core network. The traffic is categorized as 4-different classes and the traffic amount of each class is forecasted by the Box-Jenkins method. To increase the service provider's revenue we provision the bandwidth of 4-different classes dynamically using greedy algorithm. The simulation results show that the number of packet drops is reduced and the level of QoS is improved compared with two different the methods - no priority considering and static provisioning.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 2004

In this paper, we have analyzed the error performance of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing 16 QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) Signal in a multipath fading environment modeled as frequency selective Rician fading. We have used a three-path model as frequency selective Rician fading used Rician parameter K. A BCH channel coding is used in order to improve the performance. From the result of this analysis, we have known the improvement of the error performance improvement and the error correcting capability by the BCH channel coding. From the results, the error performance, about $10^{-6},$ required in wireless multimedia communications can not be achieved by using only the BCH channel coding technique so that it should be adopted a new technique together.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.177-183
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• 2015

The mechanism of melanogenesis induced by cyclosporin A (CsA) was investigated in B16 melanoma cells. CsA stimulated the production of melanin in a dose-dependent manner in the cells. In addition, CsA increased intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration in a dose-related fashion. Treatment with BAPTA/AM, an intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ chelator significantly inhibited the CsA-induced intracellular melanin synthesis. CsA profoundly induced $Cl^-$ efflux, which was significantly blocked by niflumic acid (NFA) and flufenamic acid (FFA), specific and nonspecific inhibitors of $Ca^{2+}$-activated $Cl^-$ channels (CaCCs), respectively. Furthermore, these inhibitors of CaCCs significantly inhibited the CsA-induced stimulation of melanin synthesis. Taken together, these results suggest that the activation of CaCCs may play an important role in the CsA-induced stimulation of melanin synthesis in B16 cells. These results further suggest that CaCCs may be a good target for the management of hyperpigmentation of the skin reported in the patients treated with CsA.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 1998

The use of bioluminescence as a sensitive marker for the detection of Pseudomnas sp. in the rhizosphere was investigated. Transposon Tn4431 which contains a promoterless luciferase operon and tetracycline resistant gene was used. This transposon, present on a suicide vector (pUCD623) in E. coli HB101, was mated with spontaneous rifampicin mutant of Pseudomonas fluorescens B16, a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), and then rifampicin and tetracycline resistant survivors were isolated. Twenty tow mutants wer isolated from the conjugants between E. coli HB101 and P. fluorescens B16. One of these, B16::Tn4431 (L22) recombinant which glowed brightly in the dark was selected for analysis. The cucumber seeds inoculated with L22 were grown in moisten two layers of filter paper and nonsterile soil contained in half cut PVC pipe. The roots were removed from the filter paper and PVC pipe, then placed on the 1/2 LB media plates. The plates were incubated at room temperature for 16 hr. L22 could successfully be detected in the rhizoplane by using the ordinary negative camera film (ASA100-400) with 30 minutes exposure under dark condition. The root colonizing ability and the plant growth promoting effect of L22 were not reduced compared to the untreated bacteria and wild type. L22 was superior to will type.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.279-282
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• 2008

This study describes a phytoplasmal disease occurring in Petunia leaves grown in the glasshouse of the National Horticultural Research Institute, Suwon, Korea. Abnormal growth like flattened stem with flower malformation or phyllody was observed from the plant. The DNA extracted from the diseased leaves was amplified using a universal primer pair of P1/P6 derived from the conserved 16S rRNA gene of Mollicutes giving the expected polymerase chain reaction(PCR) product of 1.5 kb. In the nested PCR assays, the expected DNA fragment of 1.1 kb was amplified with the specific primer pair R16F1/R16R1 that was designed on the basis of aster yellows(AY) phytoplasma 16S rDNA sequences. The 1.1 kb PCR products were cloned and nucleotide sequences were determined, and the sequences of the cloned 168 rRNA gene were deposited in the GenBank database under the accession no. of EU267779. Analysis of the homology percent of the 168 rDNA of PFS-K showed the closest relationship with Hydrangea phyllody phytoplasma(AY265215), Brassica napus phytoplasma(EU123466) and AY phytoplasma CHRY(AY180956). Phytoplasma isolated from the diseased Petunia was designated as Petunia flat stem phytoplasma Korean isolate(PFS-K) in this study. Flattened stem occurring in Petunia was confirmed as infection of AY group of phytoplasma by determination of 16S rRNA gene sequences of phytoplasma and microscopic observation of phytoplasma bodies. This is the first report on the phytoplasmal disease in Petunia in Korea.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.6-13
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• 1970

Ten days and monthly mean temperatures were analysed daily data observed during July, 1916 to March, 1970 statistically. Periodic characters were calculated by Δn, new method of approximate solution of Schuster Method. According to ten days mean temperatures, annual variation function is F($\theta_d$)=16.29-5.27 cos $\theta_d$+0.75 cos2 $\theta_d$-3.14 sin $\theta_d$+1.16 sin2 $\theta_d$-0.63 sin $\3{theta}_d$, where $\theta_d$=$-\frac{\pi}{18}$(d-3), d is the order of ten days period, 1 to 36. Annual mean water temperature is 16.3$^{\circ}C$, minimum in the last ten days of February 10.9$^{\circ}C$, maximum in the last ten days of August 24.5$^{\circ}C$. Periodic character of secular variation shows 11 year and its curve is F($\theta_y$)=16.29+0.53 cos $\theta_y$ -0.16cos $2{\theta}_y$+0.10 cos$3{\theta}_y$-0.10 sin $\theta_y$, where $\theta_y$=2$-\frac{2\pi}{11}$(y-1920), y is calendar year. And the relation between air temperature x and water temprature y is following. y=9.67 1.035$\^x$