• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.119-123
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• 1997

The complex [Ni(L)]I2 (1) (L:3,5,10,12-Tetramethly-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) has been prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction methods. The complex 1 crystallized in the orthorhombic system, space group Pcab with cell parameters a=13.293(1) Å, b=28.550(7) Å, c=10.804(1) Å, z=8. Least-squares refinement of 1 led to a R(Rw) factor of 0.043 (0.046) for 1851 observed reflections of Fo>3o (Fo). The crystal structure of 1 has a slightly distorted square-planar geometry and adopts the trans-III conformation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1982

Derivation of triterpenoids and then the screening for corticomimetics among them is our primary interest. $C_{11}$-oxo-triterprenoids except glycyrrhetinic acid are rarely found in the plant kingdom. Based on the facts that $C_{3}$ and $C_{11}$-Oxo-group are essential for the corticoid-like-activity through its competitive inhibition on the corticoid-5.betha.-reductase, it was attempted to produce artificial inhibitor on the enzyme by introducing $C_{11}$-oxo group to the triterpenoids of oleanene series such as oleanolic acid and hederagenin. We could obtain the $C_{11}$-oxo-oleanolic acid m.p. $264-6^{\circ}$, uv ${\lambda}max$ 249 and $C_{11}$-oxo-hederagenin amorp. uv ${\lambda}max$ 251 by acetylation, $CrO_{3}$-oxid., and deacetylation. Glycyrrhetinic acid, a natural 11-oxo-compound and the other 11-oxo-derivatives of oleanolic acid and hederagenin were compared in their inhibitory activity on the corticoid-5.betha.-reductase. The inhibitory activity of those compound were decreased in the order of $C_{11}$-oxo-oleanolic acid, $C_{11}$-oxo- hederagenin, glycyrrhetinic acid. This suggests more strong corticomimetic activity of those artificially derived $C_{11}$-oxo-oleanolic acid and $C_{11}$-oxa-hederagenin. Their Ki value were $4.6{\times}10^{-4}M$ and $5.8{\times}10^{-4}M$ respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.79 no.2
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• pp.144-161
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• 1990

Pine forest communities developed in Mt. Palgong, southeastern Korea, were studied phytosociologically, with special reference to multiple management of local forests, and were classified into two communities, Pinus densiflora - Quercus mongolica community(I : mountain forest) and P. densiflora-Climbing plants community (II : valley forest) and six subgroups accompanied by several subgroups. Judging from the coincidence method, the division of communities (vegetation units) was closely related to altitude and topography. Based on vegetation units, a vertical distribution map of pine forest communities was prepared. The species composition(%) of pine forest communities under stratification, in upper and lower tree layer, teas I higher than II, in middle and shrubs lacer II higher than I (Total : Upper 15.5%, Middle 28.4%, Lower 34.6%. Shrubs 21.5%. Sum of mean coverage%i of understory vegetation was II twice as high as I (Total. shrubs 28.4%. forbs 11.4%, Graminoids 11.8%, ferns 1.0%). Based on constance, coverage and d.b.h. class etc., an actual growth and occurrence table of tree species and understory vegetation by vegetation unity were prepared, and could assume a criterion for judging potential dominance-growth conditions.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.887-893
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• 1996

Let (R,m) be a Cohen-Macaulay local ring with an infinite residue field and let $J = (a_1, \cdots, a_l)$ be a minimal reduction of an equimultiple ideal I of R. In this paper we shall prove that the following conditions are equivalent: (1) $I^2 = JI$. (2) $gr_I(R)/mgr_I(R)$ is Cohen-Macaulay with minimal multiplicity at its maximal homogeneous ideal N. (3) $N^2 = (a'_1, \cdots, a'_l)N$, where $a'_i$ denotes the images of $a_i$ in I/mI for $i = 1, \cdots, l$.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.93-104
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• 2024

Backgrounds and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the applicability and precision of a ring-type cuffless blood pressure (BP) measurement device, CART-I Plus, compared to conventional 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). Methods: Forty patients were recruited, and 33 participants were included in the final analysis. Each participant wore both CART-I Plus and ABPM devices on the same arm for approximately 24 hours. BP estimation from CART-I Plus, derived from photoplethysmography (PPG) signals, were compared with the corresponding ABPM measurements. Results: The CART-I Plus recorded systolic blood pressure (SBP)/diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values of 131.4±14.1/81.1±12.0, 132.7±13.9/81.9±11.9, and 128.7±14.6/79.3±12.2 mmHg for 24-hour, daytime, and nighttime periods respectively, compared to ABPM values of 129.7±11.7/84.4±11.2, 131.9±11.6/86.3±11.1, and 124.5±13.6/80.0±12.2 mmHg. Mean differences in SBP/DBP between the two devices were 1.74±6.69/-3.24±6.51 mmHg, 0.75±7.44/-4.41±7.42 mmHg, and 4.15±6.15/-0.67±5.23 mmHg for 24-hour, daytime, and nighttime periods respectively. Strong correlations were also observed between the devices, with r=0.725 and r=0.750 for transitions in SBP and DBP from daytime to nighttime, respectively (both p<0.001). Conclusions: The CART-I Plus device, with its unique ring-type design, shows promising accuracy in BP estimation and offers a potential avenue for continuous BP monitoring in clinical practice.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.279-287
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• 1993

In the zinc-lead (-silver) ores from the Yeonhwa 1 mine, stannite is widespread, though minor in amount It may be divided largely into two species on the basis of its chronological order during mineralization; i.e., stannite I formed in Stage I, and stannite II formed in Stage II. Also, the mineral may be classified into two types according to the difference of its associates; i.e., stannite 1 closely associated with sphalerite, and stannite 2 with galena. In general, the stannite 1 tends to predominate in the stannite I and the stannite 2 in the stannite II. The formation temperature and sulphur fugacity of stannite 1 deduced from stannite-sphalerite geothermometry are from 280 to $350^{\circ}C$ and from $10^{-11}$ to $10^{-8}$ atm.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.991-996
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• 2010

In this paper, we designed a parallel I/O control system using IEEE 1284 operating modes and implemented remote control communication under the internet environment. The IEEE 1284 standard defines an interface compatible with several distinct operation modes and brings higher performance to the PC parallel port. Therefore, parallel port devices become easier to configure and simplify interface because new operating systems bring PnP function to the parallel port with the Device/ID identification sequence. With these enhancements, the parallel port become an even better low-cost, readily available I/O port on the PC.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.189-196
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• 2012

This paper proposes Swap algorithm for solving Dynamic Economic Dispatch (DED) problem. The proposed algorithm initially balances total load demand $P_d$ with total generation ${\Sigma}P_i$ by deactivating a generator with the highest unit generation cost $C_i^{max}/P_i^{max}$. It then swaps generation level $P_i=P_i{\pm}{\Delta}$, (${\Delta}$=1.0, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001) for $P_i=P_i-{\Delta}$, $P_j=P_j+{\Delta}$ provided that $_{max}[F(P_i)-F(P_i-{\Delta})]$ > $_{min}[F(P_j+{\Delta})-F(P_j)]$, $i{\neq}j$. This new algorithm is applied and tested to the experimental data of Dynamic Economic Dispatch problem, demonstrating a considerable reduction in the prevalent heuristic algorithm's optimal generation cost and in the maximization of economic profit.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.4016-4020
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• 2011

A number of mimetic peptides of apolipoprotein A-I, a major component for high density lipoproteins (HDL), were screened from the phase-displayed random peptide library by utilizing monoclonal antibodies (A12). A mimetic peptide for A12 epitope against apolipoprotein A-I was selected as FVLVRDTFPSSVCCP(pA2) exhibiting 45% homology with Apo A-I in the BLAST search. Solution structure determination of this mimotope was made by using 2D-NMR data and NMR-based distance geometry (DG)/molecular dynamic calculations. The resulting DG structures had low penalty value of 0.4-0.6 ${\AA}^2$ and the total RMSD of 0.7-1.7 ${\AA}$. The mimotope pA2 exhibited a characteristic ${\beta}$-turn conformation from Val[2] to Phe[8] near Pro[9] residue.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.32A no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 1995

Lateral p-i-n photodiodes have been fabricated, electrically tested, and incorporated into microwave control circuits such as an optically excited microwave atttenuator and reflection type phase shifter. Circuit design procedures for the loaded-line phase shifter with the optically controlled p-i-n photodiode are presented. The equal loss loading mode presented for the first time for the phase shifter circuits with lossy load allows an equal insertion loss of the phase shifter in both of its phase states. It is found that the insertion loss of the equal loss loading mode phase shifter constructed with the fabricated p-i-n photodiode load are about 3dB for 11.25$^{\circ}$ bit and 1dB for 5.625$^{\circ}$ bit for the frequency range of 2GHz to 11GHz.