• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.41-54
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• 2007

2004년 10월부터 2005년 4월 중순까지 6개월 동안 영남대학교병원 응급의료센터에서 흉통으로 내원하여 허혈성 심장질환으로 진단받은 환자 170명을 대상으로 면담 조사를 통하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 170명의 대상자중 남자가 118명, 여자가 52명이었고, 평균연령은 $63{\pm}12$세였다. 전체 대상자의 48.2%가 고혈압을 가지고 있었다. 타병원 경유여부는 2차병원 50.9%, 직접 내원 30.6%, 의원 12.4%, 본원외래 순이었으며 전원되어 온 환자가 직접 내원한 환자보다 2배 이상 많았다. 특히 거리가 25 km이상 먼 지역에서 방문한 경우는 전원군에서는 55.5%, 직접 내원군은 28.3%으로 전원군에서 먼 거리 지역의 환자가 많았다(p<0.05). 교통이용에 소요된 시간은 전원군이 $53.3{\pm}19.6$분, 직접내원군이 $33.0{\pm}25.3$분으로 전원군에서 더 많은 시간이 소요되었다(p<0.05). 이용교통수단은 119나 129가 31.8%, 자가용은 31.2%, 앰블런스 22.9%, 택시 10.0%, 대중교통 4.1% 순이었다. 흉통 발생시각으로부터 응급의료센터에 도착까지 총 소요된 시간은 최소 30분에서 최대 86,400분(30일)이며, 환자의 44.1%가 증상발현 이후 6시간 이내에 도착했으며, 24시간 이내에 도착한 경우는 67.1%였다. 특히 심근경색증 환자군중 6시간 이상 지체된 경우는 58명으로 54.8%를 차지하였다. 응급의료센터에 내원 전에 응급처치 여부에 있어서 환자 대부분이 의식이 명료하였기 때문에 심폐소생술은 거의 시행되지 않았다. 대체 의료 행위로는 아무것도 안함이 74.7%로 가장 많았고, 그 다음은 사혈, 소화제, 청심원, 부황과 뜸 순이었다. 니트로글리세린이용은 환자의 52.4%가 이용하였고, 타병원에서 혈전용해제를 쓰고 온 경우는 전체 대상자의 1.2%였다. 환자의 최초 흉통 발생 시간대는 오전 6~12시가 34.1%로 가장 많이 발생하였고, 흉통 발생 당시 상황은 휴식중(37.1%), 수면중(22.9%) 순으로 나타났다. 증상발현 장소로는 집이 79.4%로 가장 많았고, 흉통양상은 둔한 양상, 쥐어짜는 듯한 양상 순 등으로 나타났다. 흉통발생시각에서 응급의료센터 도착까지 각 지연 요소별 소요된 시간의 중앙값은 환자 지연시간은 521분, 교통이용 소요시간은 40분, 타병원에 들렀다 온 경우 타병원에서 소요된 시간은 40분으로 총소요시간의 중앙값은 600분이었다. 향후 추적결과에서 자진퇴원은 7.6%, 사망은 6.5%, 입원은 85.9%로 대부분 입원하였다. 심근경색증 환자의 경우 총 106명중 12.2%에서 혈전용해제가 투여되었고, 45.3%에서는 PTCA와 stent 삽입술이 시행되었다. 결론적으로 흉통을 호소한지 6시간 이상 지체된 체 병원에 방문한 경우가 많았고 직접 본원으로 내원한 환자보다 전원 되어 온 환자가 많으므로 의원이나 특히 병원급 이상의 의료기관에서는 적극적으로 혈전용해제 투여가 이루어질 수 있도록 의료 인력에 대해 지속적인 교육 및 시설과 장비를 갖출 수 있는 방안이 모색되어야 하고 심근경색증의 전구증상 및 증상에 관한 일반인들의 교육이 시급하며 특히 흡연자나 고혈압, 당뇨 및 협심증, 고지혈증, 뇌졸중 등 심근경색증의 위험인자와 병력을 가진 환자들에 대한 체계적이고 지속적인 교육이 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.104-119
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• 1998

This study was conducted to determine the important factors in the illness behavior of panic disorder patients. And then, find the best ways to lead the patients who have recurrent panic attacks to the adequate therapeutic situations. We studied 53 patients diagnosed as panic disorder according to DSM-IV among the outpatients who had been followed up at Bong Seng Memorial Hospital for 6 Ms, from May 1997 to October 1997. To evaluate the illness behaviors, we designed a checklist including socio-demographic data, degree of subjective distress from medical and psychiatric treatment, panic symptoms, life events, places of help-seeking, Anxiety Sensitivity Index. Using the checklist, we had semistructured interviews with the panic disorder patients to elucidate their help-seeking behaviors from first panic attack to diagnosing as panic disorder. The results were as follows ; 1) After first panic attack, the patients initially sought help at 1) Emergency room 40%, 2) Rest &/or Personal emergency care 35%, 3) Pharmacy 10%, 4) Outpatient care at hospital 10%, 5) Oriental medicine 5%. 2) Considering the panic symptoms, derealization, paresthesia and the severity of panic symptoms were the most important factors affecting the patient's help-seeking behaviors who had experienced the first panic attack. 3) Most of all the patients (80%) were apt to visit the hospitals within 15 days after experiencing about 3 panic attacks. 4) Before diagnosed as panic disorder, the patients had visited 3-5 health care centers during about 1 year. 5) Primary care physicaians(for example, emergency care physicians, family doctors and internists) had the most important roles in treating or guiding the patients to the adequate therapeutic situations. From the above results, the authors propose that non-psychiatric physicians have to know the panic disorder or attacks exactly. When patients complaint sudden onset physical symptoms e.g. palpitation, dyspnea, dizziness or the cognitive symptoms like the fear of death or insanity, physicians should consider the possibility of panic attack and encourage the patients to be evaluated for psychiatric illness.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2022

Background: Many severe nasal bone fractures present with septal fractures, causing postoperative septal deviation and negatively affecting the patients' quality of life. However, when a septal fracture is absent, it is difficult to predict whether surgical correction can help minimize nasal septal deviation postoperatively. This study determined whether performing closed reduction on even mildly displaced nasal bone fracture could deter the outcome of septal deviation. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 116 patients aged 21-72 years who presented at the outpatient clinic and emergency room with fractures of nasal bones only without any involvement of the septum from January 2014 to December 2020. Patients were classified into three fracture type groups: A (unilateral), B (bilateral), and C (comminuted with depression). The degree of septal deviation was calculated by measuring the angle between the apex of the most prominent point and the crista galli in the coronal view on computed tomography images. The difference between the angles of the initial septal deviation and that of the follow-up was calculated and expressed as delta (Δ). Results: Closed reduction tended to decrease the postoperative septal deviation in all fracture types, but the values were significantly meaningful only in type A and B fractures. In the surgical group, with type A as the baseline, type B showed a significantly larger Δ value, but type C was not significantly different, although type C showed a smaller Δ value. In the conservative group, with type A as the baseline, the other fracture types presented significantly lower Δ values. Conclusion: For all fracture types, closed reduction significantly decreased the extent to which the nasal septum likely deviated. Therefore, when a patient is reluctant to undergo closed reduction, physicians should address the possible outcomes and prognosis of untreated nasal bone fractures.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.68-80
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to analyze ER patient's Triage and other statistical data. The subjects were 12,618 patients who visited the ER during the year 1998. The study showed the following results; 1. The male vs female ratio was 1.3 : 1.0, the male were in the majority (56.6%), and the age range of 20-29 old was the majority (15.3). The patients who visited ER at 8-10 pm were the majority (11.5%). On Sunday the number of patients who visited the ER were 2,189, and the majority were 17.4%. On Saturday the number of patients was visited the ER were 1,944 patients the second majority (15.4%). Their traffic means : the general passenger cars (75.5%), 119 or hospital ambulance (11.3%). 2.The reasons of visiting ER were : diseases (59.2%), injuries (23.7%). The disease vs injury ratio was 100 : 69. 3. Triage : urgent 40.7%, non-urgent 38.2%, acute 17.8%, and critical 3.2%. 4. The time of waiting and staying in the ER by the Triaget: the average time was 572 minutes (9.53 hrs.). The majority of critical patients (20.5%), acute patients (24.7%) and urgent patients (21.2%) stayed 12-24 hrs., but the majority of non-emergent (27.8%) stayed not longer than one hour. 5. Treatments by the Triage : the 42.9% of critical patients, and 61.3% of acute patients, 57.5% of urgent patients were admitted. But 91.8% of the non-emergents were discharged and 4.7% was admitted. Mortality of total ER visiter were 1.7%. DAA portion was 0.86%. 26.6% of the critical patients were DAA. DAA vs DOA ratio was 1.3 : 1.0. 6. Visiting time, monthly and seasonal distribution by the Triage : the majority of critical patients (12.2%), visited 10-12 am. The majority of acute (12.9%) and urgent (11.7%) visited 4-6 pm, but the majority of non-emergents (15.1%) visited during 8-10 pm. Autumn visiter were the majority (27.6%). The percentage of non-emergent visited in Spring was 41.4% and Autumn was 41.3%. The percentage of urgents who visited in the Summer was 45.3% and the Winter was 40.4%. By clinical departments: the 48.0% of critical patients was NS. The 45.5% of acute and the 33.6% of urgent patients were IM. But the majority of non-emergent patients was PS (21.2%), and the second majority of non-emergent patients was oral Surgery (12.8%).

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.301-313
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• 2001

This study was to explore the relationship between nurses' personality type and their job satisfaction level. The subjects of the study were the 364 nurses who were serving at the general surgical department, psychiatric department, pediatric department and emergency room. The hospitals for which they were working were four university hospitals in Daegu and Busan, and six other university hospitals in Seoul were selected as sample hospitals. For data collection, questionnaires were self-reported to the subjects, under their agreement, from May to June, 2000. The following two instruments were used in the study: One was MBTI Test whose Korean version designed and verified to reliability and validity by Kim Jung Taek and Shim Hae Sook(1990): the other was the Nursing Job Satisfaction Instrument, 'The Index of Work Satisfaction' developed by Slavitt, et al.., (1978). The data were analyzed by frequency, t-test, one-way variance analysis, scheffe's post hoc contrast, and Pearson correlation coefficient with SPSS Win 10.0 program. The results this study were as follows ; 1. As a result of testing nurse's personality type by function at each career, it's found that the most personality type was expressed by the ST-type$(37.3\%)$ at 1-5 years, the SF-type$(29.4\%)$ at 6-10 years, the ST-type$(43.3\%)$ at more than 11 years. 2. As a result of testing the disparity in job satisfaction according to career, it appeared that the 6-10 years group showed higher job satisfaction, followed by the 6-10 years$(119.6\%),\;1-5 years(118.6\%)\;and\;more\;than\; 11 years(117.7\%)$ groups. 3. As a result of testing job satisfaction level according to nurse's personality type by function at each career, it's found that the most job satisfaction was expressed by the SF-type(F=8.50, p=0.00l) at 1-5 years. the ST-type(F=30.61, p=0.001) at 6-10 years. the SF-type(F=4.98, p=0.003) at more than 11 years groups. 4. As a result of testing a significant correlation between nurse's personality type by function and job satisfaction level. the SF(r=0.279, p=0.001) and ST(r=0.222, p=0.001) types showed significant positive correlation. and the NF(r=-0.201, p=0.001) and NT(r=-0.402, p=0.001) types revealed significant negative correlation. The nursing management is likely to be done more effectively, if managers in charge of nursing administration carefully reflect nurses' personal opinions in posting and personnel management, keeping in mind that there is a specific personality type that serves to raise job satisfaction at a specific career.