• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2010년도 춘계학술발표논문집 2부
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• pp.579-581
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• 2010

2007년1월1일부터 12월 31일까지 퇴원환자조사에서 제외되었던, 100병상미만 의료기관을 조사대상으로 선정하였다. 퇴원환자조사를 위해 조사 기반자료인 의무기록을 토대로 손상퇴원환자의 일반적 특성, 진료비지불방법, 질병 및 수술 양상과 의료이용 실태를 파악하였다. 2007년 한 해동안 전국 100병상미만의 급성기 의료기관을 퇴원한 추정 환자수는 총 4,697,095명으로 이는 전체 인구의 9.7%에 해당 한다. 인구 10만명당 퇴원율은 9,693명이며 평균재원일수는 9.8일이었다. 퇴원후 귀가한 퇴원환자수는 전체 4,538,861명이었고 이중 남성은 1,784,041명, 여성은 2,754,821명이었다. 타병원으로 이송된 환자는 119,378명이었으며 의뢰병원으로 회송된 환자도 8,970명 이었다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.128-137
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to investigate the current status of contracted hospital food services and to find out the difference in accordance with the number of beds in hospitals. Thirty six hospitals having more than 100beds in Seoul, Inchon and Kyungkido were the subjects of this study. Data was collected through surveys. The survey was conducted during March and April in 2002. The Questionnaires were mailed to the 36 directors of dietetic departments of the hospitals and 36 managers of contracting patient food services. Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS Win(11.0) for descriptive analysis and t-test. The results of the study are summerized as follows; Ⅰ. Hospital perspective : The range covered by contract food service was 63.3% and 36.7% in hospital food services, and medical nutrition services. The patient and employee food services were in 83.3%, and patient food services were in 6.7%. The methods selecting contractors are general, limited, selected and competitive biddings, and private contracts. The responsibility for supervision of contract food services was the dietetic department (51.7%) in most cases. Hospitals having personnel responsible for contracting affairs were in 75.9% of the cases and 24.1% did not have personnel. The biggest reason for contracting was facilitation of personnel management. The most important criteria on selecting food services contractors was the professionality of the contractor. Ⅱ. Contractor's perspective : The cost per meal in the year 2001 was composed of 1,905 won for food cost, 1,081 won for labor cost, 222 won for expenses, 114 won for VAT, 14 won for rent and 146 won for miscellaneous or controllable expense, representing 109 won loss per meal. The profit-and-loss contract cost is higher than the fee-contract cost. The ratios of food cost, labor cost and expenses are higher and the ratios of miscellaneous or controllable expense, VAT, rent and profit are lower in hospitals with more than 400 beds compared with those less than 400 beds. However, no significant differences are present between these two groups of hospitals. The actual contract period was 2.2 years upon initial contract and 1.2 years upon renewal. The initial investment cost was 53 million won and the cost of renovation and repair was 8.5 million won. Significant differences were present between two groups of hospitals. The conditions of employment and number of personnel hired by contractors for contract patient food services were significantly different according to the number of beds.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.314-323
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 건강보험심사평가원에서 제공한 2009년 환자표본자료를 이용하여 병원의 환자집중도 수준과 분만환자의 평균재원일수와의 관계를 분석하는 것이다. 병원에 내원한 분만환자의 집중도는 DRGs(Diagnosis Related Groups)를 이용하여 생성된 내부허핀달지수를 이용하여 측정하였다. 통계분석에서는 병상 수, 분만환자 수, 100병상 당 의사 수, 100병상 당 간호사 수 같은 병원의 구조변수를 통제변수로 사용하였고, 분만환자의 평균재원일수는 종속변수로 사용하였다. 연구에서 분만환자의 집중화에 따른 재원일수 변이의 분석을 위해 모형 1에서는 병원의 모든 입원환자들 중 분만입원환자의 집중화정도를 분석하였고, 모형 2에서는 모든 산부인과 관련 환자들 중 분만입원환자의 집중화정도를 분석하였다. 분석결과 환자집중도는 두 모형 모두 평균재원일수와 통계적으로 유의하지 않았으며, 분만환자 수와 병상 수에서 통계적으로 유의하였다. 분만환자 수 변수는 평균재원일수와 음의 상관관계를 보였고, 병상 수는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 연구결과는 병원에 내원한 분만환자의 집중도 지수 보다는 분만환자 수가 평균재원일수에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 환자 수는 병원에서 진료의 효율성을 향상시키는데 기여한다고 볼 수 있다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.112-122
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• 1996

This study was designed to provide data useful for the efficiency of dietitians' nutrition care by evaluating medical staffs' perception of nutrition in a hospital. The datas were collected through a questionnaire survey conducted upon 874 medical staffs at 50 general hospitals , each one with more than 100 beds, in Seoul and Pusan. A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influential factors of medical staffs' perception about nutrition among the selected variables. As a result, most medical staffs(96.9%) had positive perceptions about the importance of nutrition as a medical therapy. However, more than half of the respondents(69.1%) said that the dietary department plays the auxilliary role of producing patients' meals according to diet prescriptions. 271% of the medical staffs perceived that the dietary department as contributor to patient's health care through involvement in medical nutrition therapy, while 4% of the medical staffs misunderstood the dietary department as part of the hospital administration. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that factors related to hospital size and dietitian manpower( Total No. of beds, No. of beds per dietitian) have more influence upon medical staffs' perception about nutrition than their personal and occupational characteristics(P (0.001). In case where medical staffs' perceptions were more positive, the efficiency of dietitians performing nutrition care was higher. Results of this study suggests optimal dietetics staffing as a way to increase the efficiency of nutrition care in a hospital.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.231-241
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• 1998

To assess biological indoor air quality in hospital, concentrations of viable airborne microbes were determined at intensive care unit(ICU), patient room (PR), outpatient waiting room(OPWR) in hospitals of large(1000 beds), middle(500 beds), small(100 beds) hospitals, respectively. Gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria, fungi were sampled using suctional sampling method by RCS sampler (Reuter centrifugal air sampler) and RCS GK-A agar plate. In gram positive bacteria groups, CNS(Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus), Micrococcus, Lactobacillus, S. aureus, Enterococcus, St. viridans identified. In gram negative bacteria groups, A. baumannii, Kl. peumoniae and E. coli were identified, and Penicillium was identified in fugi groups. Results of the study were as follows. 1. The highest concentrations of airborne microbes was $971CFU/m^3$ at 5:00 PM in small hospital patient room, and average concentrations of airborne microbes in large, middle and small hospitals were $282CFU/m^3$, $289CFU/m^3$ and $625CFU/m^3$, respectively. Average concentrations of airborne microbes in office(control) was $90CFU/m^3$. Thus, the small hospital showed the worst condition. 2. Representatives of 8 different genera were identified in 150 samples. The most frequently isolated organisms were Staphylococcus (73.0%), Micrococcus (20.7%) and Lactobacillus (4.7%), respectively. Pathogenic microbes isolated were A. baumannii, E. coli, Enterococcus, Kl. peumoniae, S. aureus, St. viridans and Penicillium as fungi. In office, no pathogenic microbes were identified. Average concentrations of airborne pathogenic microbes in large, middle and small hospital were $5CFU/m^3$ (2%), $11CFU/m^3$ (4%) and $12CFU/m^3$ (2%), respectively. Thus, condition in a large hospital was better than those in a middle and a small hospital.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.357-373
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• 1992

After medical insurance came into effect in Korea, health care system has undergone tremendous changes. Changing patterns of newly established clinics is one of them. To investigate changes and trends, a total of 10,184 clinics which were newly established from 1981 to 1990 were analysed. Data were obtained from the file of contracting medical facilities of the Federation of Medical Insurance Societies. The proportion of newly establishied clinics has increased gradually, so that they amount to 13% of the total medical facilities in Korea. Meanwhile, the number of newly established medium-size hospitals and general hospitals have decreased. The number of newly established clinics per 100,000 populations has increased in the all areas, but the rate of increase has decreased in the cities except in 6 major cities in 1990. The rate of increase in newly established clinics surpasses that of population increase. This study has identified the trend of young physicians' early driving into their solo medical practice than before. This indicates chance of the medical specialty training nowadays toughen due to the limited openings in residency programs. However, the sex ratio of physicians at newly established clinics has not changed. The decreasing tendency to open medical practice without beds and the increasing size of clinics are found in this study(The size has been measured in terms of medical manpower, of beds, and of medical equipment in this study). Two thirds of general practitioners have opened their clinics without beds, although such trend has been less in the case of specialists. All three indicators show increasing size, especially in the case of rural clinics. However, among them, the number of medical equipments has increased most significantly from 8.9 items in 1981 to 12.9 in 1990.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.52-62
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• 2018

This study aims to analyze the factors affecting in-hospital complication and length of stay in elderly patients with total knee arthroplasty. A total of 8,224 inpatients over 65 years old were selected from the national old inpatient sample data which was produced by Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in 2016. STATA 12.0 was performed using frequency, chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA and multiple linear and logistic regression analysis. Analysis results show that ages(over 85), Charlson Comorbidity Index, district(metropolitan) for general hospitals and gender, district, beds(100-199) for hospitals are significantly influenced in-hospital complication. Statistically significant factors affecting the length of stay are gender, insurance type, depression, district, bed(300 over) for general hospitals and gender, type of insurance, Charlson Comorbidity Index, depression, district, beds(200-299) for hospitals. Based on these findings, the factors affecting in-hospital complication and length of stay were different depending on the type of medical institution. Accordingly, policymakers should analyze the differences in care behavior depending on the type of medical institution and expand policy and financial support to resolve them.

• ALGAE
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2008

Populations of Codium amplivesiculatum were found in association with rhodolith beds. We present population trends of C. amplivesiculatum from surveys conducted in the southwestern Gulf of California based on monthly sampling from June 1999 to August 2000. Surveys were conducted at 2 sites in the San Lorenzo Channel at depths of 8 - 12 m. The parameters measured were percent cover, biomass and structure in relation to size of the thalli. From each thallus the following measurements were taken: length and diameter, proportion of each thallus with reproductive structures and the degree of fragmentation (measured as number of small thalli). Mean biomass and cover varied seasonally with the maximum (1036.6 gm$^{-2}$ and 100% cover) present in June 2000 and the minimum in winter (0 gm$^{-2}$ and 0% cover). The longest fronds (3 m) occurred during July 1999 and August 2000, while the maximum diameters of 1.0 cm were present during October and November 1999. There were no significant linear relationships between length and diameter of the fronds, suggesting independent growth. Reproductive structures were common in June and July 1999 with monoic and dioic thalli present. Most fronds were monoic, and this is the first record of this feature for this species. Fragmentation occurred in September, and may be associated with stress from early gametangial reproduction and the combination of high temperatures and low nutrients. A hypothetical life cycle for the species is presented.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide hospital management diagnosis status and basic data required for the future development of hospital management diagnosis program. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey on administrative staff of manager level or over of medical institutions in B metropolitan city. Results: As a result of analyzing the relative influence of the needs by hospital management diagnosis indicator, the effect of financial analysis indicator, patient treatment record indicator and medical revenues indicator were high in the medical institutions with number of beds of 100 beds or over and general hospital level or over both on a hospital level and on an individual level. Conclusions: Since the existing laws or systems are centered on large major hospitals, the management environment is very unfavorable for small and medium hospitals as can be seen from the results of this study. Therefore, the government should improve the transparency and rationality of the hospital management environment in Korea through regulation and system reforms that can be applied to all medical institutions.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to find out the differences and relationships among balanced strategy, coordinating and learning mechanism, and perceived performance of hospitals in Korea, and provide some directions to establish effective strategic management of hospital. Measure items on balanced strategy, coordinating and learning mechanism, and perceived performance were developed from previous studies. Questionnaire was sent and received through Internet site and e-mail during May, 2008. Data were collected from key informant in each institutions, and analyzed using frequency analysis, T-test, ANOVA, correlation and regression analysis. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1. The level of strategic selection and external learning mechanism of private hospital was lower than that of medical corporation, and others corporation hospital. 2. There was little difference between hospitals in metropolitan and those in small cities. 3. Hospitals that have under 100 beds were statistically lower level in strategic selection and external learning mechanism than hospitals has over 100 beds. 4. Formal coordinating and external learning mechanism, and foundation form(medical corporation) were significantly influenced on profitability from specialized field. 5. Strategic selection and adaptation mechanism were significantly affected on total profitability. 6. Strategic selection and external learning mechanism were significantly influenced on competitive power around its local market. Hospitals that are to be competitive by specialization should have to establish mechanism for management such as balanced strategy, coordinating and learning mechanism.