• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 1995년도 추계 학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 1995

The flow field around a high-speed train including cross-wind effects has been simulated. This study solves 3-D unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in the inertial frame using the iterative time marching scheme. The governing equations are differenced with 1st-order accurate backward difference scheme for the time derivatives, 3th-order accurate QUICK scheme for the convective terms and 2nd-order accurate central difference scheme for the viscous terms. The Marker-and-Cell concept was applied to efficiently solve continuity equation, which is differenced with 2nd-order accurate central difference scheme. The 4th-order artificial damping is added to the continuity equation for numerical stability. A C-H type of elliptic grid system is generated around a high-speed train including ground. The Baldwin-Lomax turbulent model was implemented to simulate the turbulent flows. To validate the present procedure, the flow around a high speed train at constant yaw angle of $45^{\circ}\;and\;90^{\circ}$ has been simulated. The simulation shows 3-D vortex generation in the lee corner. The flow separation is also observed around the rear of the train. It has concluded that the results of present study properly agree with physical flow phenomena.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2008년 영문 학술대회
• /
• pp.659-665
• /
• 2008

The 1-D numerical study of the interior ballistics has been conducted. The unsteady compressible 1-D CFD code using SIMPLER algorithm and QUICK scheme has been developed. The mathematical model of the two-phase flow has been established for the behavior of the interior ballistics. The moving boundary due to the projectile motion as the physical phenomena of the interior ballistics results in the varied control volume. In order to analyze the moving boundary, the numerical codes, which apply the ghost-cell extrapolation method and the Lagrangian method respectively, have been developed. The ghost-cell extrapolation method has been used in the Eulerian coordinate system. The Lagrangian method has been used in Non-Eulerian coordinate system. These codes have been verified through the analysis of the free piston motion problem in the tube. Through this study, the basic techniques of the numerical code for the multi-dimensional two-phase flow of the interior ballistics have been obtained.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.21-42
• /
• 2019

In this paper, the Finite-Analytic Navier-Stokes (FANS) code is coupled with an in-house finite-element code to study the dynamic interaction between a floating buoy and its mooring system. Hydrodynamic loads on the buoy are predicted with the FANS module, in which Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is used as the turbulence model. The mooring lines are modeled based on a slender body theory. Their dynamic responses are simulated with a nonlinear finite element module, MOORING3D. The two modules are coupled by transferring the forces and displacements of the buoy and its mooring system at their connections through an interface module. A free-decay model test was used to calibrate the coupled method. In addition, to investigate the capability of the present coupled method, numerical simulations of two degree-of-freedom vortex-induced motion of a CALM buoy in uniform currents were performed. With the study it can be verified that accurate predictions of the motion responses and tension responses of the CALM buoy system can be made with the coupling CFD-FEM method.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제44권5호
• /
• pp.363-376
• /
• 2011

하천 홍수해석 분야에서 가장 널리 이용되고 있는 1차원 동수역학 수치모형의 입력자료는 상하류단 경계조건, 조도계수, 하도단면 등이며, 계산 시간간격 및 거리간격의 선정은 계산결과의 정확성, 안정성, 효율성 확보를 위한 핵심 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 기존 단면간격 선정기법의 이론적 배경을 검토하였고, 매 시간단계별로 도출되는 흐름특성을 반영하여 계산거리간격을 추정하는 가변 계산거리간격 추정 기법을 제안하였다. 제안된 기법을 1차원 부정류 수치모형과 연계하여 Teton 댐 붕괴 및 한강 홍수 사상에 대해 적용함으로써 기존 고정 계산거리간격 추정 기법에 의한 해석결과와 비교하였다. 더 많은 내삽단면이 사용될 경우, 수치 수렴성 실험 결과는 수치해의 정확성과 안정성이 높아짐을 나타내었고, 본 연구에서 제안된 기법은 기존 고정 계산거리간격 추정기법보다 적은 단면개수로 동일한 정도의 정확도를 나타냄으로써 계산 효율성을 크게 향상시켰다. 본 연구에서 개발된 기법의 실무적용을 통해 정확성과 안정성뿐만 아니라 높은 효율성을 갖는 하천 홍수해석이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제35권10호
• /
• pp.868-874
• /
• 2007

정지비행시의 헬리콥터 로터 모형의 블레이드의 피치각 변화가 소음방사에 미치는 영향을 수치해석을 통해 파악하였다. 공력 자료는 비정상 패널법과 경험후류 방법을 이용하여 구하였으며, $0^{\circ}$에서 $9^{\circ}$까지 등간격으로 $1.5^{\circ}$ 씩 피치각을 증가시키면서 블레이드 표면상의 공력 하중 분포를 얻어내었다. 수치해석을 통해 얻어낸 두께 소음은 피치각에 무관한 결과를 보였으나, 하중소음은 피치각이 $1.5^{\circ}$ 씩 증가할 때 마다 대략 3~4dBA정도로 소음의 세기가 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 이정도의 증가분은 소음이 더 커졌음을 감지할 수 있는 충분한 크기라 할 수 있다. 또한 하중소음의 방향성 결과로부터 블레이드의 윗면 보다는 아랫면에서의 소음의 세기가 더 크게 나옴을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.46-53
• /
• 1997

The flow field around a three dimensional minivan-like body has been simulated. This study solves 3-D unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on a non-orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system using second-order accurate schemes for the time derivatives, and third/second-order scheme for the spatial derivatives. The Marker-and-Cell concept is applied to efficiently solve continuity equation. A H-H type of multi-block grid system is generated around a three dimensional minivan-like body. Turbulent flows have been modeled by the Baldwin-Lomax turbulent model. To validate present procedure, the flows around the Ahmed body with 12.5° of slant angle are simulated. A good agreement with other numerical results is achived. After code validation, the flows around a mimivan-like body are simulated. The simulation shows three dimensional vortex-pair just behind body. The flow separation is also observed on the rear of the body. It has concluded that the results of present study properly agreed with physical flow phenomena.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2015

Centrifugal pumps consume considerable amount of energy in various industrial applications. Therefore, improvement of the efficiency of these machines has become a major challenge. Cavitation is a phenomenon which decreases the pump efficiency and even causes structural demage. Hence, the goal of this paper is to investigate the cavitation problem in the single-stage and double-stage centrifugal pumps. The Volume of Fraction (VOF) method has been used for the numerical simulations together with Rayliegh-Plesset model for the gas-liquid two-phase flow inside the pump. In order to capture the turbulent phenomena, the standard k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model has been adopted, and the simulations have been done as unsteady cases. In addition, the motion of the rotating parts has been simulated using Multi Reference Frame(MRF) method. The results are presented and compared in terms of hydraulic head and NPSH for both the single-stage and double-stage pumps. The H-Q curves show the effects of cavitation on decreasing the pumps performances.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.152-160
• /
• 2012

Model tests and CFD were carried out to find out the cause of cavitation surge in hydraulic power plants. In experiments the cavitation surge was observed at flow rate, both with and without a surge tank placed just upstream of the inlet volute. The surge frequency at smaller flow rate was much smaller than the swirl mode frequency caused by the whirl of vortex rope. An unsteady CFD was carried out with two boundary conditions: (1) the flow rate is fixed to be constant at the volute inlet, (2) the total pressure is kept constant at the volute inlet, corresponding to the experiments without/with the surge tank. The surge was observed with both boundary conditions at both higher and lower flow rates. Discussions as to the cause of the surge are made based on additional tests with an orifice at the diffuser exit, and with the diffuser replaced with a straight pipe.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제28권7호
• /
• pp.763-770
• /
• 2004

The problem of edge overcoating developed near the edge of the steel strip is studied quantitatively in the gas wiping process of continuous hot-dip galvanizing. It has been assumed that the edge overcoating occurs due to the reduced impact pressure of wiping gas on the strip edge and it is one of detrimental problems to the quality of coating products. In order to analyse the edge overcoating problem numerically, three-dimensional unsteady flows due to the gas wiping are calculated by using a commercial code, STAR-CD. Standard $\kappa$-$\varepsilon$ model is used as a turbulence model. The 1D code for calculation of coating thickness is constructed by using continuity and Navier-Stokes equations. The calculation results have shown good agreement with measurements of edge overcoating thickness, taken from galvanizing line trials. Therefore it is conformed that the major cause of edge overcoating is the reduced impact pressure of wiping gas on the strip surface.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 2017

Supercavitation is one of the most attractive technologies to achieve high speed for underwater vehicles. However, the multiphase flow with high-speed around the supercavitating vehicle (SCV) is difficult to simulate accurately. In this paper, we use modified the turbulent viscosity formula in the Standard K-Epsilon (SKE) turbulent model to simulate the supercavitating flow. The numerical results of flow over several typical cavitators are in agreement with the experimental data and theoretical prediction. In the last part, a flying SCV was studied by unsteady numerical simulation. The selected computation setup corresponds to an outdoor supercavitating experiment. Only very limited experimental data was recorded due to the difficulties under the circumstance of high-speed underwater condition. However, the numerical simulation recovers the whole scenario, the results are qualitatively reasonable by comparing to the experimental observations. The drag reduction capacity of supercavitation is evaluated by comparing with a moving vehicle launching at the same speed but without supercavitation. The results show that the supercavitation reduces the drag of the vehicle dramatically.