• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2008년도 Asian Magnetics Conference
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• pp.14.1-14.1
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• 2008

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.59-82
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• 2016

Simplifier assumptions which are used in numerical studies of progressive collapse phenomenon in structures indicate inconsistency between the numerical and experimental full-scale results. Neglecting the effects of infill panels and two-dimensional simulation are some of these assumptions. In this study, an existing seismically code-designed steel building is analyzed with alternate path method (AP) to assess its resistance against progressive collapse. In the AP method, the critical columns be removed immediately and stability of the remaining structure is investigated. Analytical macro-model based on the equivalent strut approach is used to simulate the effective infill panels. The 3-dimentional nonlinear dynamic analysis results show that modeling the slabs and infill panels can increase catenary actions and stability of the structure to resist progressive collapse even if more than one column removed. Finally, a formula is proposed to determine potential of collapse of the structure based on the quantity and quality of the produced plastic hinges in the connections.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.650-669
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• 2017

Coordinated multiple points transmission and reception (CoMP) technology is used to mitigate the inter-cell interference, and increase cell average user normalized throughput and cell edge user normalized throughput. There are two kinds of radio resource schedule strategies in LTE-A/5G CoMP system, and they are called centralized scheduling strategy and distributed scheduling strategy. The regional centralized scheduling cannot solve interference of inter-region, and the distributed scheduling leads to worse efficiency in the utilize of resources. In this paper, a novel distributed scheduling scheme named 9-Cell alternate authorization (9-CAA) is proposed. In our scheme, time-domain resources are divided orthogonally by coloring theory for inter-region cooperation in 9-Cell scenario [6]. Then, we provide a formula based on 0-1 integer programming to get chromatic number in 9-CAA. Moreover, a feasible optimal chromatic number search algorithm named CNS-9CAA is proposed. In addition, this scheme is expanded to 3-Cell scenario, and name it 3-Cell alternate authorization (3-CAA). At last, simulation results indicate that 9/3-CAA scheme exceed All CU CoMP, 9/3C CU CoMP and DLC resource scheduling scheme in cell average user normalized throughput. Especially, compared with the non-CoMP scheme as a benchmark, the 9-CAA and 3-CAA have improved the edge user normalized throughput by 17.2% and 13.0% respectively.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.221-227
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• 1980

1979년 7월 경남 김해에서 딸기 성강 16호의 잎에 흑갈색 내지 암갈색 병반을 형성하는 병해를 발견, 그 병원균을 분리 검토한 결과 우리나라에서는 미기록병해인 Alternaria alternate (Fr.) Keissler로 동정되었으며 본병을 검은무늬병이라 명명하였다. 본균의 분생포자의 형태는 배지간에 차가 심하였으며 C.M.A.에서 평균 $20.1\times9.3{\mu}$, beak의 길이는 $4.0{\mu}$으로서 자연감염된 딸기잎상에서 형성된 것 보다 짧았다. 딸기 49품종에 접종한 결과 성강 16호와 Robinson이 고도감수성이였으며 Catskill, Cyclone, Northwest, Merton princes, Juspa, 및 대학 1호 등의 품종에도 발병을 볼 수 있었으나 31 품종은 전연 발병되지 않았다. 10종(14품종)에 접종한 결과 해바라기, 겹해바라기, 및 멕시코 해바라기에만 심하게 발병되었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.3321-3330
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• 2012

The complexation characteristics of mixed [2 + 2'] calix[4]aryl derivatives (3 and 4) with alkali metal cations were investigated by the mPW1PW91 (hybrid HF-DF) calculation method. The total electronic and Gibbs free energies of the various complexes (cone, partial-cone, 1,2-alternate, and 1,3-alternate) of sodium and potassium cations with 3 and 4 were analyzed and compared. The structures of the endo- or exo-complexes of the alkali metal cation with the host 3 were optimized using the mPW1PW91/6-31G(d) method, followed by mPW1PW91/6-311+G(d) calculations. The structures of the endo- or exo-complexes of the alkali metal cation with the host 4 were optimized using the mPW1PW91/6-31G(d,p) method. The mPW1PW91 calculated relative energies of the various conformations of the free hosts (3 and 4) suggest that the cone conformers of 3 and 4 are the most stable. The mPW1PW91calculations also suggest that the complexation efficiencies of the sodium ion with hosts 3 and 4 are about 24 and 27 kcal/mol better than those of the potassium ion, respectively. These trends are in good agreement with the experimental results. The exo-complexation efficiencies of the sodium ion toward the conformers of hosts 3 and 4 are roughly 14 and 17 kcal/mol better than those for the endo-$Na^+$-complexes of 3 and 4, respectively. The exo-complexation of the cone isomer of 3 with cation could be confirmed by the differences of the diagnostic C=O bands in the free host and its complex's IR spectra.

• 대한조선학회 특별논문집
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• 대한조선학회 2015년도 특별논문집
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• pp.79-84
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• 2015

A BC-B type bulk carrier is rarely built, so the structural characteristics is not reported and familiar so far. The biggest difference between BC-B and BC-A type vessel is applying alternate cargo loading, which density is over $1.0ton/m^3$. In this paper, 150K DWT class BC-B type bulk carrier is calculated and compared with BC-A type vessel, which has same condition such as main dimension and deadweight, about prescriptive rule and FEA based on CSR. And aspect ratio of target vessel is smaller than typical capsize bulk carrier, so 150K and 180K bulk carrier, which applied BC-A type, are also compared to find feature of wide beam vessel.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 1996

Tetra-tert-butyl-dipropionyloxy-dihydroxycalis[4]arene (C50H64O6)의 구조를 X-선 회절법으로 연구하였다. 결정의 공간군은 C2/c이다. 단위세포 상수는 a=16.067(2), b=26.391(17), c=10.335(1)Å, β=94.26(1)°, Z=4, V=4370.2(29)Å3, Dc=1.16, Dm=1.2 gcm-3이다. 회절반점들의 세기는 Enraf-Nonius CAD-4 Diffractometer로 얻었으며, Cu-Kα radiation (λ=1.5418Å)을 사용하였다. 분자구조는 직접법으로 풀었으며 최소 자승법으로 정밀화하였다. 최종 신뢰도 R값은 2354개의 회절반점에 대하여 0.07이였다. 이 Calix[4]arene은 1, 3-alternate conformation을 가진 분자로 2개의 propionyloxy groups이 위쪽에 있고, 마주보는 두 개의 hydroxy groups이 아래로 향해 있으며, 분자 한 가운데에 결정학적 symmetry axis와 일치하는 2-fold symmetry axis가 있는 분자이다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.3129-3132
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• 2012

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.3445-3447
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• 2010

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제13권3_4호
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• pp.158-164
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• 2002

Tetrahomodioxa p-phenylcalix(4)arene dihexylether (C/sub 66/H/sub 68/O/sub 6/)를 합성하여 분자 및 결정 구조를 X-선 회절법으로 연구하였다. p-Phenylphenol의 탈수, 고리화 반응으로 만든 tetrahomodioxa p-phenylcalix(4)arene을 DMF에서 NaH와 hexyl iodide를 환류시켜 합성하였다. 결정은 사방정계이고 공간군은 P2₁2₁2₁, a =9.764(2), b = 16.167(2), c = 32.994(3) Å, V=5208(1) ų, Z= 4, Dc=1.221 gcm/sup -3/이다. 직접법으로 구조를 해석하였으며, 최소자승법으로 정밀화하여 최종 신뢰도 R 값은 2009개의 회절 반점에 대해 0.070 이었다. 이 분자는 마주 보고 있는 phenyl group 두 쌍이 거의 평행을 이루며, C-1,2-alternate conformation이고, lower rim의 1,3 위치에 hexyl 기가 치환된 비대칭 homooxacalixarene이다.