• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.173-182
• /
• 2024

This study was designed to compare the effects on antioxidant, whitening, and anti-wrinkle improvement of 60% ethanol extracts from Trigonotis radicans var. sericea (TR) and Lactobacillus brevis-fermented T. radicans var. sericea (FTR). The total phenolics contents of TR was 18.6 mg/g, and FTR was 18.2 mg/g. The HPLC analysis confirmed more phenolic compounds were produced in FTR by bioconversion than in TR. The FTR showed higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity than TR. The results of the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation decolorization assay, FTR and TR showed higher activity than BHT (positive control). The FTR (1.21-1.29 PF) showed higher antioxidant protection factor (PF) activity than the TR (1.15-1.22 PF) and showed higher tyrosinase, collagenase and elastase inhibitory activities. This results showed L. brevis -fermentation of Trigonotis radicans var. sericea changed the composition profile and has effects on antioxidant, whitening and anti-wrinkle improvement.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.244-253
• /
• 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the biological activity of extracts obtained from the mycelium, sclerotium, and fruiting body of Wolfiporia cocos using different extraction solvents (hot water, 70% ethanol, and 70% methanol). Among the three developmental stages, the mycelium extracts showed the highest DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitrite scavenging activity, and total polyphenolic content. Among the extraction solvents in the context of the W. cocos mycelium, the DPPH radical scavenging activity, FRAP, and total polyphenol content in the hot-water extracts were significantly higher than those in the other extracts. In the case of the sclerotium, the reducing power, nitrite scavenging activity, and total polyphenol content were significantly higher in 70% ethanolic extracts. The fruiting body showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, nitrite scavenging activity, and total polyphenol content in the context of hot-water extraction. Moreover, the β-glucan content was significantly higher in the sclerotium versus the mycelium or fruiting body. The total amino acid and total essential amino acid contents were remarkably higher in the mycelium and fruiting body than in the sclerotium; of note, and arginine (Arg) and phenylalanine (Phe) were highly detected among the amino acid components.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.677-685
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Molecular press dehydration is one of the dehydration methods. The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of tarts made with dehydrated purple sweet potatoes during the storage period. Methods: Quality characteristics of purple sweet potato tarts were evaluated by analyzing moisture content, water activity, total phenolics, anthocyanins, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, color, and sensory evaluation for 45 days of storage. Results: Moisture content of tart crust made with molecular press dehydration treated purple sweet potatoes with concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% maltodextrin as a dehydrating agent for 45 days was 8.47%, 7.95%, 6.96%, and 6.24% respectively; however, the moisture content of non-treated tart crust was 11.99% (p<0.05). Total phenolics, anthocyanins, and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of dehydrated purple sweet potato tarts were lowered than those of non-treated tart (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results indicated that tarts made with molecular press dehydrated purple sweet potatoes had effectively controlled moisture content and water activity during storage although total phenolics, anthocyanins, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, color, and sensory evaluation were decreased.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.304-309
• /
• 2016

This study was assessed stability of ethanolic extract from Cirsium setidens Nakai that will be applied for development of functional foods and ingredients. We evaluated pectolinarin content, total phenol content and antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP assay) of ethanolic extract from C. setidens Nakai against various temperature (4, 25 and $50^{\circ}C$) and pH (4.0, 7.0 and 10.0). Our results show that the pectolinarin and total phenol contents in ethanolic extract from Cirsium setidens Nakai slightly reduced during the storage periods. Moreover, the DPPH radical scavenging activity at $4^{\circ}C$ was higher than those of other temperature. Pectolinarin content, total phenol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extract from Cirsium setidens Nakai at acidic (pH 4.0) and neutral (pH 7.0) pH ranges were higher than at alkaline pH ranges. These results indicate that the optimum storage condition of C. setidens Nakai ethanol extract are temperature $4^{\circ}C$ and pH 4.0-7.0 ranges.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.65 no.4
• /
• pp.375-381
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics and biological activities of Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruit extracts fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum based on fermentation period of 0, 24, 48, and 72 h. The study showed the pH of Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruit fermentation extracts have decreased as fermentation time increased, but the sugar content remained the same. The total acid content increased as the fermentation time increased. The viable cell count was at highest at 24 h (8.59 log CFU/mL) of fermentation, and the viable cell count decreased as the fermentation time increased. The total polyphenol content (14.85 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid content (6.74 mg RE/g), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, ABTS⁺ radical scavenging activity, reducing power, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity were highest at 24 h of fermentation. Therefore, the study proved fermentation of Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruit with lactic acid increases physiological activity compared to nonfermented Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruit. Also the 24 h of fermentation had the highest activity, confirming the possibility of future use as a functional food material.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2013

This study was investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of Yacon by-product powder on performance, pH, total phenol contents, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, TBARS, WHC, shear force, meat color, and sensory evaluation of chicken thigh meat. Broiler chicks were fed diets for five weeks containing 0% Yacon by-products powder (Control), 0.5% Yacon by-products powder (T1), 1.0% Yacon by-products powder (T2), and 2.0% Yacon by-products powder (T3). There was no significant difference in performance among treatments, but mortality was decreased in diets by the supplementation of Yacon by-product powder than that of control. The total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride of control were higher than treatment groups and HDL-cholesterol and glucose of control was lower than treatment. The pH and TBARS were significantly decreased by the supplementation of Yacon by-product powder compared to the control (P<0.05). The total phenol contents and DPPH radical scavenging activity were significantly increased by the supplementation of Yacon by-product powder compared to those of the control group (P<0.05), and especially, T3 was significantly (P<0.05) more effective in improving freshness compared to other treatment groups. The WHC (water holding capacity) and shear force were not significantly different. CIE $L^*$ and $a^*$ value of treatment groups showed significantly higher value compare to the control, however, no difference in the CIE $b^*$ values was observed among treatment groups. In conclusion, a supplementation of Yacon by-product powder was effective in decreasing pH and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance), and increasing total phenol contents and DPPH radical scavenging activity.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.238-247
• /
• 2015

Katsura tree (Cercidiphyllum japonicum Sieb. Et Zucc) leaves were collected, air-dried and extracted with 70% aqueous acetone, then concentrated and sequentially fractionated using n-hexane, $CH_2Cl_2$, EtOAc, and $H_2O$ to be freeze dried for antioxidant and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activity tests. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay. The test concentrations were adjusted to 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.62, 7.81, 3.9, 1.95 and 0.97 ppm. The $H_2O$ and EtOAc fractions showed higher activities compared with the control, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, at all concentrations. The crude fraction also gave better activity at the concentrations lower than 62.5 ppm. However, the nonpolar n-hexane and $CH_2Cl_2$ fractions gave prominently lower activities compared with the control at all concentrations. The $IC_{50}$ values of the crude, EtOAc, and $H_2O$ fractions exhibited 11.78, 4.29 and $9.80{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively, compared with $12.08{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of the control. But the n-hexane and $CH_2Cl_2$ fractions indicated 300 and $91.85{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of $IC_{50}$, respectively. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibition activity was evaluated at the concentrations of 50, 25, 12.5, 6.3, 3.1, 1.6 and 0.8 ppm. The inhibition activities were increased according to as the increase of sample concentrations. However, the nonpolar n-hexane and $CH_2Cl_2$ fractions indicated very low inhibition activities compared with acarbose, a positive control. The EtOAc fraction showed very good capability as almost 100% compared with the control at the higher concentrations than 12.5 ppm and the crude fraction also indicated good potential as 95% and 100% at 25 and 50 ppm, respectively. The $H_2O$ fraction gave good inhibition value as 90% at 50 ppm although the value was lower than the control. These results showed that the polar fractions had better ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activities. The $IC_{50}$ values of the nonpolar fractions, n-hexane and $CH_2Cl_2$, showed very lower values as 468 and $103.6{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively, than the control. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase Inhibition Activity of the Extracts of Katsura Tree (Cercidiphyllum japonicum Sieb. Et Zucc) Leaves However, the polar fractions, crude, EtOAc and $H_2O$, showed 7.1, 3.7 and $13{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively, indicating that these fractions can be used as natural bioresources for treating diabetes mellitus. Also ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activity had a positive correlation with antioxidant activity of the extracts.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.309-318
• /
• 2011

In this study, the antioxidative effect, antibacterial, inhibitory effects on tyrosinase, inhibitory effects on elastase and component analysis of Phellinus linteus (P. linteus) extracts were investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction of P. linteus extracts ($2.94\;{\mu}g/mL$) showed the highest free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) scavenging activity ($FSC_{50}$). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity ($OSC_{50}$) of P. linteus extracts on ROS generated in $Fe^{3+}$-EDTA/$H_2O_2$ system was investigated using the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. The ethyl acetate fraction ($0.0072\;{\mu}g/mL$) showed the most prominent ROS scavenging activity. The protective effects of extract/fractions of P. linteus extracts on the rose-bengal sensitized photohemolysis of human erythrocytes were investigated. The P. linteus extracts showed cellular membrane protective effects in a concentration dependent manner ($5{\sim}50\;{\mu}g/mL$). The inhibitory effect ($IC_{50}$) on tyrosinase of P. linteus extract was the highest at 50 % ethanol extract ($6.34\;{\mu}g/mL$), and the inhibitory effect ($IC_{50}$) on elastase of P. linteus was the highest at ethyl acetate fraction ($14.08\;{\mu}g/mL$). TLC, HPLC chromatogram and LC/ESI-MS of the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from P. linteus extracts were identified interfungin A (PL RPT-1a). These results indicate that extract/fractions of P. linteus can function as antioxidants in biological systems, particularly skin exposed to UV radiation by scavenging ROS, and protect cellular membranes against ROS. Extract/fractions of P. linteus can be applicable to new cosmeceuticals for antioxidant, antiaging, antiwrinkle and whitening.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.306-314
• /
• 2021

Grape skins are a natural resource rich in antioxidants, but people only eat grape flesh and have discarded the skins. This study investigated the possibility of using grape skin extract as a raw material for functional cosmetics. The dried grape skin powder was put in distilled water and stirred for 1 h, and then the supernatant separated from the solid was used as an extract. The extract yield was 17.8 ~ 31.4%, and the total flavonoid and polyphenol contents in the extract were 1.8 ~ 2.5 mg-QE g-extract^-1 and 16.9 ~ 20.3 mg-GAE g-extract^-1, respectively. The extract effectively removed radicals of DPPH and ABTS, and the degree of scavenging increased with the concentration of the extract. The extract inhibited the collagen hydrolysis activity of collagenase, and the activity inhibition rate increased to 84.2% as the extract concentration increased. However, notable inhibition of tyrosinase by the extract was not found. As the extract of Chamaecyparis obtusa was added to the grape-skin extract, the tyrosinase inhibition rate increased, but the DPPH radical scavenging activity decreased. This study found that grape skin extract has a high antioxidant capacity and anti-wrinkle effect but a low whitening effect. However, by mixing the grape skin extract with the extract of C. obtusa in an optimal ratio, the whitening effect was improved with excellent antioxidant and anti-wrinkle effects.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.534-538
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological benefits of apple peel. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of a 70% ethanol extract of apple peel were examined. The total phenolic compound and flavonoid contents of apple peel were $6.8{\pm}0.5mg$ gallic acid equivalent/g of fresh weight and $3.3{\pm}0.3mg$ catechin equivalent/g of fresh weight, respectively. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of apple peel was $18.9{\pm}1.6$, $46.3{\pm}2.3$ and $58.1{\pm}3.9%$ at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/mL, respectively (p<0.05). The anti-inflammatory effect was investigated by measuring the inhibition of inflammatory enzymes. Apple peel significantly inhibited secretory phospholipase, cyclooxygenase-1, cyclooxygenase-2, and lipoxygenase activity by up to $53.5{\pm}2.3$, $13.4{\pm}1.8$, $64.8{\pm}5.4$ and $44.4{\pm}4.5%$, respectively (p<0.05). Taken together, these findings suggest that apple peel may act as an antioxidant by radical scavenging and may possess potential anti-inflammatory properties for suppressing the activity of inflammatory enzymes. These results also suggest that apple peel can be utilized as a health functional food ingredient possessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.