• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.199-210
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• 2005

Background: The role of obesity in prostate cancer etiology remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between obesity and prostate cancer risk. Materials and methods: Between January 2000 and June 2005, 286 patients suspected of having prostate cancer underwent prostate biopsy. The clinical records of the 286 study patients were retrospectively reviewed with regard to age, Body Mass Index (BMI), serum PSA, TRUS, and prostate biopsy results. They were stratified by BMI into three groups according to the cutoffs recommended for Asian populations: normal, BMI less than 23 $kg/m^2$; overweight, BMI 23 to 25 $kg/m^2$; and obese, BMI greater than 25 $kg/m^2$. Results: As for BMIs, 132 (46.2%) were normal, 95 (33.2%) overweight and 59 (20.6%) were obese. A total of 99 (34.6%) patients were diagnosed as having prostate cancer. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, no significant association was observed between BMI and prostate cancer detection. Conclusion: We initially hypothesized that obesity may be biologically associated with increased prostate cancer development. However, our study did not show a significant association between BMI and prostate cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Child Neurology Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.263-268
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• 2018

Purpose: Obesity and headache are two highly prevalent diseases both in childhood and adolescent. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of obesity in pediatric headaches patients in a single institution in Korea, and differences according to age, sex, headache type, frequency, intensity, and disability. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 340 subjects (6-18 years of age) who visited the Pediatric Headache Clinic of Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital during the period from January 2015 through March 2018. Data on age, sex, height and weight, as well as headache type, frequency, intensity and disability, were collected. Body Mass Index (BMI) percentile was calculated based on the 2017 Korean Children Adolescence Growth Chart. Results: 17.6% of the pediatric headache patients were obese. The prevalence of obesity in male patients was higher than females (Male 23.8% VS Female 11.6%, P=0.002). There were no significant differences in obesity rate according to age, headache type, frequency, intensity, and disability. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity in the pediatric headache population was 17.6% which is higher than 10.1% in general population (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, KNHANES, 2013).

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2018

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate correlation between degree of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and neurocognitive function along with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in Korean patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods : Participants were 115 elderly subjects diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment in this retrospective study. WMH in brain MRI were rated with standardized visual rating scales (Fazekas scales) and the subjects were divided into two groups according to Fazekas scale. Cognitive function was evaluated with Korean version of the consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD-K), and BPSD was evaluated with Korean neuropsychiatric inventory (K-NPI). Independent t-test was performed to analyze the relationship between the degree of WMH and neurocognitive functions & BPSD. Results : Especially, the group with high severity of WMH showed significantly lower language fluency (p<0.05). In addition, the group with high severity of WMH showed significantly higher score in K-NPI. Conclusions : There was a significant association between WMH and neurocognitive test related with executive function. Moreover, WMH seems to affect BPSD severity. Evaluation of WMH would provide useful information in clinical settings.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 2021

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a slowly progressive hereditary degenerative disease and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an acquired immune-mediated disorder characterized by weakness and sensory deficits. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the electrophysiological characteristics observed in sensory nerve conduction studies (SNCS) of both diseases. A retrospective study of 65 patients with a diagnosis of CIDP (N=35) and CMT type I (N=30) was performed. This study analyzed No potentials ratio, distal compound nerve action potential (dCNAP) of various nerve types, and a correlation coefficient analysis of the sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV). As a result, I found that CMT 1 was more severe systemic demyelinating and axonal polyneuropathy better than CIDP (P<0.05). In a quantitative analysis of dCNAP and SNCV, especially sural nerve was the most severe nerve injury observed in both diseases. In correlation and scatter plot analysis, CMT 1 showed relatively high correlations compared to CIDP based on the correlation coefficient analysis (Fisher's Z test) of SNCV. The results of this study suggested that CMT 1 showed the slowness in SNCV, one of the characteristics of demyelinating polyneuropathy, and this slowing had a uniform pattern. In conclusion, electrophysiological characteristic of SNCS may be useful in the diagnosis and research between patients with CMT 1 and CIDP.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.425-434
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• 2020

Background: Viral infection outbreaks are emerging public health concerns. They often exhibit seasonal patterns that could be predicted by the application of big data and bioinformatic analyses. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify trends in diarrhea-causing viruses such as rotavirus (Gr.A), norovirus G-I, and norovirus G-II in Cheonan, Korea. The identified related factors of diarrhea-causing viruses may be used to predict their trend and prevent their infections. Method: A retrospective analysis of 4,009 fecal samples from June 2010 to December 2019 was carried out at Dankook University Hospital in Cheonan. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) was employed to identify virus strains. Information about seasonal patterns of infection was extracted and compared with local weather data. Results: Out of the 4,009 fecal samples tested using multiplex RT-PCR (mRT-PCR), 985 were positive for infection with Gr.A, G-I, and G-II. Out of these 985 cases, 95.3% (n = 939) were under 10 years of age. Gr.A, G-I, and G-II showed high infection rates in patients under 10 years of age. Student's t-test showed a significant correlation between the detection rate of Gr.A and the relative humidity. The detection rate of G-II significantly correlated with wind-chill temperature. Conclusion: Climate factors differentially modulate rotavirus and norovirus infection patterns. These observations provide novel insights into the seasonal impact on the pathogenesis of Gr.A, G-I, and G-II.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.225-231
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• 2021

There are many studies on the indications and efficacy of splint therapy commonly used in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). However, there have been no studies on the splint weaning in terms of the splint use tapering period in relation to symptom improvement of TMD. This retrospective study aims to analyze a proper splint weaning method in patients with TMD based on symptom improvement. Materials and Methods: The authors examined 130 TMD patients with TMJ disorders, masticatory muscle disorders, and clenching/bruxism who had received splint therapy (occlusion stabilization splint, anterior positioning splint) of patients who visited the Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine at Yonsei University Dental Hospital from 2015 to 2020. They were evaluated according to the method to wean splints. Results: The mean splint therapy period was 29.0 months, during which patients wore splints 7 days a week for 8.4 months, 3 - 4 days a week for 9.5 months, and finally 1 - 2 days a week for 11.1 months (a total of 29.0 months, about 2.5 years). Conclusion: It seems that TMD symptoms can be alleviated and side effects such as occlusal change can be minimized if patients wear a splint 7 days a week for the first 6 months, followed by 3 - 4 days a week for the next 6 to 18 months, and finally 1 - 2 days a week after 18 months.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.14-25
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• 2022

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of brain-timing training using an Interactive Metronome (IM) on the reading abilities of children with low brain-timing abilities. Methods : A single-group pretest and posttest (retrospective study) were conducted in 8 children whose timing abilities were lower than that for their age average and who were trained from 2019 to 2021. Brain-timing training was conducted 2 or 3 times per week, with 70 sessions in total and 40-50 minutes per session, depending on the developmental characteristics of the child. Changes in brain-timing ability before and after the training were measured using the IM Long-Form Assessment (LFA), and reading ability was measured using the Basic Academic Skills Assessment:Reading (BASA:R). Results : On the basis of the results of the brain-timing ability evaluation using the LFA, the reaction times of all the children during motor tasks were decreased, resulting in statistically significant improvements in their brain-timing abilities (p < .05). Moreover, the raw scores in the BASA:R reading and fill-in-the-blank tests were significantly improved (p < .05). Conclusion : This study is meaningful in that it presents a clinical basis for brain-timing training to improve the reading abilities of children.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.51-59
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate the changes in health status of inpatients before and after a fall accident, and it is a retrospective study using data from 328 inpatients who fell from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020, reported to the patient safety reporting system. The average age of the study subjects was 68.57(±14.13), and those in their 70s accounted for the most at 30.49%. Falls occurred on average 13.86(±25.03) days after hospitalization, and the time when the most falls occurred was between 22:30 and 06:59 with 42.99%. Before and after a fall during hospitalization, bowel problems (x²=314.0, p<.001), urination problems (x²=284.0, p<.001), intravenous fluid therapy (x²=85.16, p<.001), and walking (x²=69.77. p<.001), bedridden state (x²=51.60, p< .001), mental state and performance (x²=17.52, p<.001) patient's attitude (x²=220.17, p<.001), there was a statistically significant difference. It is necessary to develop an appropriate method and education program for fall prevention in hospital by considering the individual characteristics of inpatient.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.349-356
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• 2022

This study aims to identify factors related to suicide within one year of schizophrenia diagnosis based on data from National Health Information Database. We obtained data of 102,540 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia between 2007 to 2010 from customized database, which was checked using the National Statistics Organization database and schizophrenia cohort was built. The number of suicide within one year of schizophrenia diagnosis was 615(0.60%), and the risk of suicide within one year was high among patients within age group of 25-34 and patients with medium-low to high economic status. The risk of suicide within one year among male patients was high within age group of 45-54 and patients with medium-low to high economic status. The risk of suicide within one year among female patients was high within patients with high economic status. Age and economic status need to be considered during suicide prevention intervention of schizophrenia patients diagnosed within one year and suicide related factors by sex need to be especially considered.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.125-135
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• 2022

Objectives: A restrospective chart review were conducted to investigate the overall weight loss effect of the integrated Korean medicine treatment on obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m²) in Korean medicine clinic and analyze the difference in the effect according to lifestyle behaviors. Methods: The medical records of 43 obese patients were retrospectively analyzed including body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and body composition who received integrated Korean medicine treatment for 4 weeks at 24 Korean medicine clinics in Daejeon metropolitan city. All outcome measures were evaluated again 8 weeks after the end of treatment at week 12 for follow-up. EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), the Korean version of the obesity-related quality of life scale (KOQOL) and patient's satisfaction were also evaluated. The analysis was divided according to the treatment period and observation period, and subgroup analysis was performed according to drinking and exercise habits. Results: Body weight, body fat, waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat were significantly reduced at week 4 and week 12. Theses weight reduction effects were significantly greater within treatment period (0 to 4 week) than observation period (4 to 12 week). Especially in the non-exercise group, the changes in body fat mass and body fat percent showed a significant difference between the treatment period and the observation period. KOQOL were also significantly improved at 12 week, but not in EQ-5D. No severe adverse events were observed. Conclusions: The integrated Korean medicine treatment could be effective to treat obesity including weight loss. It is necessary to prevent additional weight regain through regular exercise even after Korean medicine treatment.