• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.93-106
• /
• 2004

본 연구의 목적은 편측성 구순구개열 (UCLP) 환자에서 술전 비치조 정형장치 (presurgical nasoalveolar molding appliance, PNAM) 와 구순 봉합수술의 치조골 정형효과를 3차원 (3-D) 분석을 통하여 평가하는 것이다. 연구대상은 16명의 UCLP 환자 (평균 파열부거리: 10.46mm) 이며 PNAM 장치에 의한 치료와 rotation-advancement법에 의한 구순 봉합수술을 받았다 처음 내원시 (평균연령: $37.0{\pm}27.89$ 일), PNAM 치료를 받고 난 후이며 구순봉합수술 1달 전 (평균연령: $119.25{\pm}40.18$ 일), 구순봉합수술 2달 후 (평균연령: $190.81{\pm}42.78$ 일)에 상악의 인상을 채득하였다. 그 후 laser scanning machine (Orapix, Dimennex, Seoul, Korea) 과 3-D view software (3Dxer, Dimennex) 를 사용하여 3-D모형을 제작하였다. 선, 각도, 정중선변이, 거리, 면적 항목을 3-D 모형상에서 계측하고, 각 시기별의 차이를 비교하기 위하여 Wilcoxon signed rank test를 사용하여 분석하였다. PNAM치료 동안과 구순 봉합수술 후에도 치조골 후방부는 안정된 구조물이었다. PNAM치료에 의한 파열부 거리의 감소는 대분절 (greater segment) 의 내측 굴곡 (bending) 에 의하여 발생하였다. 대분절 (greater segment)의 전방 성장은 PNAM치료에 의하여 억제되었으나, 구순 봉합수술 후에 회복되었다. 구순 봉합수술 후에 대분절과 소분절 사이의 전방부 각도의 증가는 구순 반흔 (lip scar) 의 압력에 의한 치조골 정형 효과 때문으로 생각된다. 정중선변이는 PNAM치료에 의하여 개선되었다. PNAM치료 동안과 구순 봉합수술 후에 구개부 (palatal segment) 의 면적은 계속 증가하였다. 치조골 면적과 거리 항목의 증가는 후방부에서 크게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 PNAM치료에 의한 치조골 정형효과는 주로 전방부에서 발생하며, 치조골의 성장은 구순 봉합수술 후에 후방부에서 주로 발생한다는 것을 의미한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.82-83
• /
• 2003

최근 인공종묘생산기술이 개발된 붉은쏨뱅이(Sabastiscus tertius)는 자연산과 양식산의 체색이 붉은색과 검정색으로 많은 차이가 있어 양식산업화에 많은 어려움이 있다. 따라서 상품가치와 경쟁력 향상을 위하여 사료에 카로티노이드 성분을 함유한 크릴새우(25, 50, 75, 100%)와 astaxanthin(5, 10, 15, 20%)를 비율대로 첨가하여 양식산 붉은쏨뱅이의 체색 변화를 살펴보았다. 크릴새우의 경우 50% 첨가한 사료실험구에서의 적색도와 황색도는 각각 6.29와 13.42로 높게 나타나기 시작하였으며 크릴새우 75% 첨가실험구에서는 적색도와 황색도가 각각 8.31과 14.91로 최고치를 보였다. 그리고 크릴 100%에서는 적색도와 황색도가 각각 7.27과 10.33로 75% 실험구에 비하여 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. astaxanthin 실험구들에서는 5%와 10% 실험구에는 체색도가 높게 나타나지 않았으나 15%에서 적색도가 7.86 황색도가 9.32로 가장 높게 나타났다. 그리고 20% 실험구에는 7.18과 6.32로 나타났다. 본 실험결과 붉은쏨뱅이의 체색회복을 위해서는 크릴새우의 경우 최소 50% 이상을 첨가해야만 가능할것으로 판단되며 astaxanthin는 15% 이상 첨가해야 효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 그리고 astaxanthin보다는 크릴새우가 더 효과적이였으며 모든 실험구는 대조구(펠렛사료 100%)에 비하여 체색 회복효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 자연산에서는 적색도와 황색도는 각각 23.80과 13.44로 적색도가 아주 높게 나타났으나 양식산에서는 적색도와 황색도가 1.09와 1.98로 매우 낮게 나타났다. 그리고 체색의 변화는 모든실험구에서 등지느러미와 꼬리지느리미 그리고 턱과 가슴주변에서부터 점차 배와 등쪽으로 색이 변화하는 것이 관찰되었다. 크릴 75%와 astaxanthin 15%를 공급하였을 때 체색이 변화하는 시간은 크릴의 경우 사료공급 20일 후부터 체색의 변화가 시작하여 30일이 경과 될때에는 등지느러미, 꼬리지느러미 및 턱주변이 붉은색으로 변화하였다. astaxanthin의 경우는 30일부터 등지느러미와 꼬리지느러미 부근에서 체색의 변화가 시작되었으며 40일 이후부터 붉은색으로 변화하였다. 크릴새우와 astaxanthin를 함유하여 실험하였을 때 붉은쏨뱅이의 성장은 크릴 75% 실험구에서 전장 172.3mm, 체중 65.9g으로 가장 좋았다. 그러나 대조구에서는 전장 148.7mm, 체중 49.5g으로 가장 성장이 저조하였으며 astaxanthin 실험구들에서는 전장 152.3~159.8mm, 체중 56.9~59.3g으로 서로 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.58 no.3
• /
• pp.245-268
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the empirical relation between economic growth and poverty in Korea. Especially, the focus is put on exploring if there are any changes in the relation of economic growth and poverty. From 1982-2004 Korea Urban Household Survey, I constructed the annual data of poverty rate. I also obtained the annual data of the real GDP and the unemployment rate from the National Statistical Office. Using these annal data of the poverty rate and the macroeconomic performance, I analyzed the relation of them. As the result, I found that the macroeconomic growth have played very important role in reducing the poverty rate in Korea. Since 2000, the macroeconomic growth have still worked as an effective instrument for poverty reduction. However, there have been poverty increase that has not been explained by the macroeconomic growth since 2000. Based on these results, this paper suggests that the anti-poverty strategy in Korea should be changed from the old strategy emphasizing only economic growth to the new strategy pursuing both economic growth and social security simultaneously.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.58 no.2
• /
• pp.143-166
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to empirically test whether occupational welfare in Korea would have grown since the mid 1990s. The result of this study showed that after the IMF fiscal crisis, the policies of labor flexibility in labor market initiated flexible forms of employer-provided benefits, including cafeteria plan or profit-based funds, which finally led to a decline of occupational welfare rather than a growth. Existing studies haven't agreed on trade-off of statutory and voluntary social provisions since the crisis of welfare state. However, based on the case of Korea, this study suggested archetypal development of welfare system experiencing a decline of occupational welfare paralleled with a growth of state welfare provision.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.345-356
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to construct and test a structural equation model of posttraumatic growth (PTG) of earthquake victims based on Tedeschi and Calhoun's model (2004). Methods: Data were collected from 195 earthquake victims living in K. City. The exogenous variables include distress perception, resilience, and social support, and the endogenous variables include intrusive rumination, deliberate rumination, and posttraumatic growth. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed. Results: The modified model showed a good fitness to the data. Moreover, 6 of the 9 paths of the final model were statistically significant, which include PTG affected by deliberate rumination (${\beta}=.58$, p<.001), resilience (${\gamma}=.18$, p=.001), and distress perception (${\gamma}=.20$, p=.002). These predictors explain 51.8% of variance in posttraumatic growth. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop and disseminate preventive intervention programs to increase the resilience of earthquake-prone communities. In addition, after exposure to a community-scale traumatic event such as earthquake, we should provide social supports to alleviate distress perception and transition from intrusive rumination to deliberate rumination so that we can seek new meaning from the earthquake and facilitate posttraumatic growth.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.78 no.3
• /
• pp.302-313
• /
• 1989

To investigate the effects of forest fire on the change of vegetation and soil conditions by the lapse of time, the 5th soil survey and vegetation analysis were carried out in July of 1988 at the rocky areas of Mt. Kwanak, where ground fire broke out 5 years ago. Three-year increasing trends of organic matter content, the value of pH, and total nitrogen content stabilized after the restoration of the vegetation. By the comparison of the occurrences of the species for 5 years after the forest fire, woody and herbaceous plants were categorized into 4 groups, i,e., invasive, sensitive, tolerant, and neutral species to the forest fire. Although such diversity indices as the species diversity and similarity index indicate that the restoration of damaged vegetation to the original species composition was proceeded for the period, the restoration of vegetation to the original crown closure and tree growth was not proceeded yet.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.309-317
• /
• 2009

This study was to investigate the effects of restoring cognition function and neurotrophic factor in the hippocampus according to memory and learning training in rats affected by brain injury. Brain injury was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats(36 rats) through middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAo). And then experiment groups were randomly divided into three groups; Group I: Brain injury induction(n=12), Group II: the application for treadmill training after brain injury induction(n=12), Group III: the application for memory and learning training after brain injury induction(n=12). Morris water maze acquisition test and retention test were performed to test cognitive function. And the histological examination was also observed through the immunohistochemistric response of BDNF(brain-derived neurotrophic factor) in the hippocampus. For Morris water maze acquisition test, there were significant interactions among the groups with the time(p<.001). The time to find the circular platform in Group III was more shortened than in Group I, II on the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th day. For Morris water maze retention test, there were significant differences among the groups(p<.001). The time to dwell on quadrant circular platform in Group III on the 13th day was the longest compared with other groups. And as the result of observing the immunohistochemistric response of BDNF in the hippocampus CA1, the response of immunoreactive positive in Group III on the 7th day increased more than that of Group I, II. These results suggested that the memory and learning training in rats with brain injury has a more significant impact on restoring cognitive function via the changes of neurotropic factor expression and synaptic neuroplasticity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
• /
• 1986.12a
• /
• pp.521.1-521
• /
• 1986

B. sphaericus의 sporeless ts-D1216 돌연변이체의 유전학적 특성을 방사성 동위원소를 이용하여 DNA의 합성과 RNA의 합성을 측정하였고 일반적 특성을 연구하였다. ts-D1216 돌연변이체의 대수증식기 세포를 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 제한온도 (42$^{\circ}C$)로 이동시켰을 때 RNA의 합성은 4-5시간 정상적으로 합성이 계속 일어났고, DNA의 합성은 60-100분까지는 정상적인 율로 일어나다가 그 후에 결정적으로 감소되었다. 또한, DNA합성이 멈춘후에도 세포수는 증가했고, 4$0^{\circ}C$에서 성장기간이 더 길면 길수록 DNA합성에의 회복능력이 상실되었다.

• 재활복지
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.87-111
• /
• 2016

This study is a qualitative case study of 5 substance abusers recovered from drug addiction. It is useful socially and practically to understand about the rehabilitation and its process of recovering from drug addiction. Since this study deals with very private and sensitive issues, qualitative research approach is suitable. Data were collected through one to one in-depth interviews, and were analyzed by using analysis within/cross cases suggested by Creswell(2007). 5 individual cases were presented including substance addicts experiences and recovery process through within-cases analysis. Based on the within-cases analysis, common themes were presented through cross-cases analysis. Total 19 themes, related with recovery from substance addicts, were derived from the five individual cases, and 4 common themes were classified. These 4 common themes were first, recovery of sense of reality, second, taking self-existing pattern, third, self reconstruction in the context of social network, fourth, self-love. Based on the study results and discussions, practical implications were suggested to help persons claiming recovery from substance addicts for their recovery and rehabilitation.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.297-303
• /
• 1997

Purpose : To evaluate the prognostic factors for disease-free survival and long-term results of radiotherapy for pituitary adenoma. Methods and Materials : The study involved a retrospective review of out-come in a series of 27 patients with pituitary adenoma, between 1984 and 1995 at Paik hospital. The study included 20 patients treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy and 7 with radiotherapy alone. The patients were followed for 12-146 months (median : 97 months). Seventeen were men and 10 were women. The numbers of functioning and nonfunctioning pituitary adenorna were 22 and 5 respectively and those of microadenoma and macroadenoma were 4 and 23 respectively. The radiation doses of 5040-5580cGy (median : 5040cGy) were deliverd over 5-7 weeks, using 4MV LINAC. The prognostic factors were analyzed by log-rank test. Results: For radiation therapy alone, the 5YSR was 100% and progression free survival rate was 85.8%, The tumor was controlled in 6/7 (85.8%). For surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. the 5YSR, progression free survival rate and local control rate were 95%, 84.8%, and 89.5% respectively. The parameters of tumor size, hormone secretion, radiation dose. radiotherapy field size were evaluated in a uni- and multivariate analysis and all the factors were not statisticaIty significant (P>0.05). Eleven of 12 (92%) with visual field defect experienced normalization or improvement, and 5 for 7 evaluabie patients with hyperprolactinoma achived normalization in 4 and decrement in S patients. Only 2 patients developed mild degree of Panhypopituitarism. Conclusion: The radiotherapy appears to be effective in controiling clinical symptoms and signs resulting from pituitary adenoma. Local control rate with radiotherapy alone or with surgery and postoperative radiotherauy was comparable. There was a trend toward high recurrence rate in Patients with nonfunctioning or prolactin secretion tumor and larger radiation field sizes.