• Electric Engineers Magazine
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• v.246 no.2
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• pp.30-33
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• 2003

증발성 액체소화제 할로겐화 탄화수소는 기화되기 쉬운 액체 또는 기체이고 억제작용, 희석효과, 기화열에 의한 냉각 등 3가지의 작용을 한다. 액상인 것은 목재화재에도 다소 쓰이고 있지만 가연성약제의 소화에 쓰일 뿐만 아니라 전기의 불량도체이므로 전기화재에 대한 적응성이 있다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.19 no.2 s.58
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• pp.29-36
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• 2005

We carried out discharge and fire extinguishing tests of new inert gas clean agent, which consists of $92\%$ nitrogen and $8\%$ carbon dioxide, as an alternative of Halon that is banned by Montreal Protocol to protect the ozone layer of the earth. Discharge and fire extinguishing tests were performed in $27m^3$ and $190m^3$ rooms with piping which allows gaseous agent to transport from storage to test rooms. We confirmed that it took less than regulation time, 60 seconds for the discharge of over $95\%$ initial charged amounts. Discharge test variables were piping length and orifice size. Fire extinguishing tests verified that this new inert gas clean agent is suitable for both n-Heptane fire and deep seated fire of wood crib.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.644-655
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• 2023

Purpose: Metal fires occur in metal handling, processing, waste storage plants, etc. It is difficult for firefighters to extinguish metal fires, and it takes a long time, so caution is needed in fire suppression. Method: In this study, current statistics and problems of metal fires were introduced, and then the effectiveness was verified by experiments with using fire extinguishing agents used in Korea. Comparative suppression experiments of 5 different fire extinguishing agents for burning powders of 99.9% magnesium over 150 ㎛ were performed following the metal powder type test method of Class D fire in ISO 7165. Result: 5 fire extinguishing agents are the power types of dry sands and expanded vermiculites most commonly used in Korea, the certified class D fire extinguisher used abroad, and ochers requiring verification, and the liquid silica gel. Conclusion: The results of experiments showed expanded vermiculites were the best metal fire extinguishing agent considering effectiveness, convenience of use, and economical feasibility.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.33-39
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• 2017

Composite panel refers to the particular plywood produced in a way of stacking the different kinds of material in sandwich form and adhering them using adhesives and is widely used as building material for its constructability and cost efficiency. But as the surface is finished with steel plate, fire extinguishing agent cannot reach to the core material because of such steel plate on surface which causes the difficulties in suppressing the fire as well as in fire-fighting activities due to collapse. This study, to deal with such problem, is intended to set the fire pipe in core material to prevent the fire from spreading and in a bid to achieve this using minimized fire water, water supply test device was fabricated to estimate the required water flow of fire extinguisher and consequently, optimal water flow (0.5 L/min) was determined through a full-scale fire test.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.15-23
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• 2012

Indirect Test Method is often used instead of direct test method in test method for extinguishing performance of $CO_2$ extinguishing facility because of high cost, environment problems and difficulties of procedure. But in the danger facilities for a unit of nation, such as a petrochemical plant, a nuclear power plant, or etc. is better to verify the performance of the extinguishment through direct discharge test. In $CO_2$ extinguishing system for total flooding system installed in dangerous facilities in Korea, each protected area in surface fire and deep-seated fire had selected and verified of extinguishing performance of $CO_2$ extinguishing facilities. To get recognized as extinguishing performance, discharged $CO_2$ concentration to protected area should be equivalence with design concentration standards (NFSC and NFPA). The Design Concentration means that $CO_2$ extinguishing agent is considerate of concentration for percentage of allowance (20 %) from extinguishing concentration which available to control of flame. As test result, surface fire and deep seated fire in protected area is obtained $CO_2$ design concentration and maintained design concentration more than 20 minutes as deep-seated fire. Through this study, we introduced direct discharging test method and decision method. And furthermore, especially in the dangerous facilities as a unit of Nation, we suggested necessity about reliability of extinguishing facilities to use direct test method.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.199-202
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• 2010

우주발사체를 운용하는 발사장은 화재나 폭발의 위험에 많이 노출 되어 있다. 발사장은 비행시험전 발사체의 모든 상태를 점검 하고, 비행시험을 수행하는 곳이다. 또, 유사시에는 대량의 산화제와 연료가 누출 되어 화재 및 폭발사고로 이어질 가능성이 있는 곳이다. 나로우주센터에서 운용하는 우주발사체 나로호는 연료로 케로신(kerosene)을 사용하고, 산화제로 액화산소(LOX)를 사용한다. 발사대의 소화설비는 화재발생시 원격제어를 통해서 소화수와 소화약제를 분사하여 진화하는 방식으로 구성 되어 있다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.852-858
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• 2016

To safeguard the accommodation spaces on cargo ships from fire, structural fire protection provisions introduced by SOLAS and these measures retard the propagation of flames and smoke. SOLAS also specifies provisions for fire fighting drills. These provisions are a combination of regulations regarding structure and equipment and those dealing with the human element for the fire protection and effective responses in the event of fire. Requirements related to the human element play a supporting role to the requirements for structure and equipment because the present accommodation structure and equipment are insufficient for extinguishing a fire, therefore, fire-extinguishing activity performed by crew members is essential. To reduce human error and ensure effective fire fighting, it is necessary to install a fire-fighting system and improve the fire fighting process. The fundamental concept of fire fighting exercises is to commence fire fighting before the fire grows too big to extinguish. It is essential to relocate the storage place of fire fighting equipment to expedite the fire-fighting exercise. This study was carried out to reduce human risk for this purpose, the fire control station was relocated to a site that could be accessed from the open deck. Further, two sets of a fire fighter's outfit were stored at the same site. This relocation eliminated the risk of the crew reentering to operate the fire fighting system in the fire control station and allowed the crew to pick up the fire fighters' outfits quickly in the event of a fire. In addition, it was proposed that the IIC method be made mandatory. This method is combination of automatic fire detection system and sprinkler system which can reduce the risk of the fire fighting exercises for the crew and to suppress fire in the initial stage. This study was carried out to provide a foundation to the possible amendment of the relevant SOLAS regulations and national legislation.

• Fire Protection Technology
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• s.10
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• pp.61-68
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• 1991

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.249-260
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• 2002

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.14-22
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• 2014

Hydrocarbon fires and explosions in petrochemical plants have occurred repeatedly every year. But domestic law of fire protection system is insufficient for the worst case scenario. In this study, we analyzed domestic and foreign standards of fire protection system in petrochemical plants and surveyed firefighting equipment of 32 petrochemical plants in ulsan petrochemical complex. Finally, it is necessary to design fire water supply based on the worst case scenario in petrochemical plants and firefighting equipment such as fixed water spray system, elevated monitor nozzle, water curtain, large amount foam monitor system should be installed for the worst case scenario in petrochemical plants.