• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.521-526
• /
• 2012

The performance of arrow from a manufacturing process depends on arrow's trajectory(archer's paradox) and intensity of an impact points. Especially, when conducting a shooting experiment over and over in the same experiment condition, the intensity of impact point is an objective standard to judge the performance of the arrow. However, the analysis method for the impact point is not enough, a previous research of the arrow's performance has been focused on a skill to optimize a manufacturing variables(feathers of an arrow, barb of an arrow, arrow's shaft, weight, external diameter, spine). In this paper, We propose measurement system of arrow's impact point with Mamdani fuzzy inference system and similarity of polygon for automation of impact point's measurement. Measuring the impact point data of the arrow moving with a high speed(approximately 275km/h) by using line laser and photo diode array, then the measured data are mapped to arrow's impact point with fuzzy inference and similarity of polygon.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.55 no.3
• /
• pp.152-176
• /
• 2022

This paper, a basic study on the restoration of arrow quivers during the Three Kingdoms Period, aimed to contribute details to the existing plan to restore the arrow quivers. The arrow quivers of the Three Kingdoms Period consist of a pouch for holding arrows and a backpiece. However, the two parts do not remain, and only metal parts have been excavated. The excavated arrow quivers were classified into three types for restoration. Centered on the pouch, the quivers were classified into type 1 made up of a W-shaped part and ㄷ-shaped part, and type 2 with only the band-shaped piece identified. Type 3 is similar to type 2, but it is assumed to be a separate type where an iron band extending from the hanging piece(吊手金具) is connected to a band-shaped piece. Before proposing a restoration plan for the three types of arrow quivers, the location of the hanging piece (吊手金具) and the observation of organic matter were reflected. In addition, such details as the location of the hanging piece (吊手金具), which cannot be identified by the excavation status alone, were derived from the ways of wearing the arrow quivers observed in the Joseon Dynasty, Shosoin (正倉院), and Haniwa (埴輪) in Japan. Referring to the existing record on the transformation of arrow quivers based on the hanging piece (吊手金具), the arrow quivers change from type 1 to types 2 and 3 in this paper. However, some of types 2 and 3 maintain the ways of wearing of type 1, and there were cases where the old-fashioned parts were kept. In particular, in Haman (咸安), it was confirmed that the typical type 1 was buried up until late periods.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 1998

한국 토양 및 식물의 잎에서 채집한 떠돌이응애 과(Ascidae) 화살응애 속 (Lasioseuius 신칭) 4미기록종, 구멍화살응애(L. porulosus), 화살응애(L. sugawarai), 잎화살응애(L. lasiodactyli), 이리화살응애(L. youcefi)를 보고한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.548-553
• /
• 2014

In order to evaluate the performance of arrow that manufactures through production process, it is used that personal experiences such as hunters who have been using bow and arrow for a long time, technicians who produces leisure and sports equipment, and experts related with this industries. Also, the intensity of arrow's impact point which obtains from repeated shooting experiments is an important indicator for evaluating the performance of arrow. There are some ongoing researches for evaluating performance of arrow using intensity of the arrow's impact point and the arrow's flying image that obtained from high-speed camera. However, the research that deals with mutual relation between distribution of the arrow's impact point and characteristics of the arrow (length, weight, spine, overlap, straightness) is not enough. Therefore, this paper suggests both the system that could describes the distribution of the arrow's impact point into numerical representation and the correlation model between characteristics of arrow and impact points. The inputs of the model are characteristics of arrow (spine, straightness). And the output is MAD (mean absolute distance) of triangular shaped coordinates that could be obtained from 3 times repeated shooting by changing knock degree 120. The input-output data is collected for learning the correlation model, and ANN (artificial neural network) is used for implementing the model.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.124-130
• /
• 2002

Purpose: The results of meniscal repair of peripheral tear of meniscus with meniscal arrow was analysed. Materials and Methods: Peripheral tears of posterior 1/2 of menisci of 25 cases including 18medial, 6 lateral and 1 both menisci were repaired with meniscal arrows. One to six meniscal arrows were used for each meniscus according to the length of tears. Concurrent tears of ACL were noted in14 cases. The follow-up period was 3.4 years in average. The findings of physical examination and MRI which were taken once or twice in 1$\~$5 years after operation were evaluated. Results: Healing of the tear was achieved in all cases. However, a vertical longitudinal tear of body occurred in two medial menisci along the line of insertion of arrows. An arrow migrated subcuta-neously in two cases, respectively. Conclusions: The meniscal arrow was effective in the treatment of the peripheral tear of menicus. However, there was a chance of occurrence of longitudinal tear of the meniscus in case of insertion of arrows in a row. Migration of the arrow may occur.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.335-339
• /
• 2012

An unrecorded species, Carex benkei T. Shimizu, was found in Is. Jaewondo, Jaewon-ri, Imja-myeon, Sinan-gun, Jeollanam-do and Dongbaik-dongsan, Seonheul-ri, Jocheon-eup, Jeju-si, Is. Jeju-do, South Korea. C. benkei is closely related to C. transversa Boott and C. brownii Tuck., and C. benkei is distingushied from the pistillate scales length, excluding the awn, similar to the achene and the beak of the achene with an annular appendage. A new Korean name, 'Gin-Hwa-Sal-Sa-Cho', was given based on its long pistillate scales excluding the awn compared with Carex transversa Boott. We provide here its redescription, illustrations, photographs, and a key to species of the sect. Confertiflorae Franch. ex Ohwi.

• The Science & Technology
• /
• v.35 no.11 s.402
• /
• pp.34-35
• /
• 2002

• Conservation Science in Museum
• /
• v.25
• /
• pp.9-26
• /
• 2021

This paper describes the production methods that were originally used for an arrow bundle excavated from a Bronze Age residential area in Auraji in Jeongseon, Gangwon-do Province and the conservation treatment process that it subsequently underwent. An arrow conventionally consists of an arrowhead and a shaft. It is rare to excavate a shaft along with an arrowhead in a complete form since the shaft is made of organic materials. Notably, the arrow bundle from the Auraji site is of great significance as it shows traces of tangless stone arrowheads attached to charred shafts and offers an important case of the split end of a piece of a tree being inserted into an arrowhead. For a further examination of the characteristics of the arrows from Auraji, microscopic investigation was conducted and the type of wood used for the arrow shafts was examined. The sequence and direction of processing and the particle sizes of the grinding tools were revealed through the analysis of traces of grinding on the stone arrowheads. The shaft is presumed to have been made from a green length of three-year-old willow (Salix spp.). A curing agent with a high degree of waterproofing and reversibility was used during the on-site curing process according to demands of the surrounding environment, and a technique that the authors call the "Bridge" method was used for emergency collection of the relics. Once the bundle was transferred to the conservation treatment lab, reinforcing materials were carefully chosen as it was important not to damage the relics during the process of turning them for the repair of their reverse sides. For this purpose, artificial clay was selected since it can safely bear a load and has excellent physical properties. Finally, detached parts were rejoined, the relics and their surrounding materials were cleaned, and the bottom sides were finished with epoxy resin prior to the display of the relics at the museum.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.242-253
• /
• 2020

Six ornamental metal quiver fittings were excavated from stone chamber No.1 of the ancient tombs of Jeongchon, Bokam-ri, Naju. The ornamental quiver fittings are metal, but the body of the quiver was made of organic material, so that it corroded and disappeared in the burial environment. The ornamental metal quiver fittings were made in pairs, and decorated one quiver according to the location they were found in and their forms. The ornamental metal quiver fitting can be divided into two types: A band style ornament (帶輪狀金具) which decorates the arrow pouch, and a board style ornament (板狀金具) which decorates the board connecting the waist belt. Two ornamental metal quiver fittings excavated from wooden coffin 2 of stone chamber No.1, were made in the band style, while the ornamental metal quiver fittings from southeast of stone chamber No.1 were identified as two boardstyle ornaments and two band-style ornaments for what was presumed to be belt loops. Material analysis of the ornamental metal quiver fittings shows that they are made of a gilt bronze plate attached to an iron plate, and the surface is marked with a speck of chisel to make lines and patterns. Chemical composition analysis (XRF) established that 24~40wt% Au and 50~93wt% Cu were detected on the gold surface, and it was confirmed that bronze corrosion had taken place on the gilt surface. SEM-EDS analysis of the gold plating layer identified a working line for glossing, and 7~9wt% Hg and an amalgam of gilt layers was detected, confirming the amalgam gilding. CT and FT-IR analysis established that the band style was double-layered with silk fabric under the iron plate, and there was also a lacquer piece underneath. The band-style ornaments have two layers of silk under the iron plate, along with lacquer pieces. Adding the fabric to the arrow pouch increases adhesion and decorative value. It is assumed that the lacquer pieces indicate that the surface of the lacquered arrow pouch had fallen together with the ornaments. On the other hand, the board-style ornaments have a thick layer of organic matter under the iron plate, but this is difficult to identify and appears to be a remnant of the quiver board. The characteristics of these ornamental metal quiver fittings were similar in Baekje, Silla, and Gaya cultures from the late 4th to the late 5th centuries, and enable us to identify the art of ancient gold craftwork at that time.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.358-368
• /
• 2023

Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb., also known as the arrow tree in Korea, is a plant in East Asia used in traditional medicine and food. In particular, the wings of E. alatus are rich in phenolic compounds. This study evaluated the antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibition, and anti-cancer activities of E. alatus wing extracts. The radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging acitvities and reducing the power of 1,000 ㎍/mL E. alatus wing extracts, were similar to those of the positive control (0.1% BHT, 0.1% α-tocopherol). In addition, ethanol and methanol extract at 250 ㎍/mL showed 95.70 and 94.99% of α-glucosidase inhibition activity, respectively. The ethanol extract of E. alatus wings had the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid contents (867.8 mg% and 521.7 mg%, respectively). The E. alatus wing extracts significantly decreased the cell viability of LNCaP human prostate cancer cells (p<0.001), MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells (p<0.001), and HT-29 human colon cancer cells (p<0.001) in a dose-dependent manner. However, there was no significant effect on B16 mouse melanoma cells. Notably, the ethanol extracts showed higher cancer cell growth inhibitory activity in LNCaP and HT-29 cells than the other extracts. These results suggest that E. alatus wing extracts could have significant clinical applications, and our results can be used as basic data for future functional food material development.