• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.431-440
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• 2004

Environment has formed characters of one society and the society has formed its characteristic cultural behaviors. Oppositely cultural behaviors make the characteristic products like environment and space products. It gives the idea that we can create cultural space by examining cultural characteristics. This research bases on the 5 cultural dimensions of Geert Hofstede to inspect cultural quality of Korea and the 10 cultural factors of Edward. T. Hall in order not to omit some part of cultural characters. From April 2004, KTX which is originated from TGV of France began toroll in Korea. It is interesting that the same interior of train is used by two different cultures. The method to find out the special quality of transportation culture of Korea passed 5 steps like following; 1) making a questionnaire to understand general concepts 2) observation to make dear what are the special behaviors in the interior of train 3) comparison valuation with marking sheet of the interiors of KTX and HSR in order to find out which space Korean people prefer 4) comparison of behaviors in the interior of KTX and TGV 5) Interviewing and surveying the opinions of passengers of KTX. With these methods it would be possible to seek out the characters, preferencesand needs for the interior space of train. There were remarkable things like following 1) importance of privacy from the other's eyes 2) seriousness of individual seat because of the short term transportation 3) necessity of continuous information because of 'Uncertainty Avoidance Culture' 4) absence of moving 5) requirement of bright and comfortable interior like one's inner room 6) preference to take a seat as a group with their friends or family due to 'Collective Culture' 7) self-defense and self-protection of one's baggage because of 'Uncertainty Avoidance Culture'. With these discoveries this research suggests guidelines to design interior of train of Korea.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.99-126
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• 2023

As cultural background contributes members of society to recognize and behave in a specific direction, customers with different cultural backgrounds show various reactions even when they are provided with the same service. Previous studies have used the Hofstede cultural dimension to understand how hotel visitors' satisfaction varies with the provided service as per their cultural background. However existing research only considered the cultural background of the guests, and there are not many studies focused on the types of travel. Therefore, in this study, the travel types of hotel visitors are classified into business travel visitors and leisure tourism visitors, and analyzed the effect of Hofstede's cultural dimension on hotel selection attributes according to the styles of travel. In this study, we collected information on six cultural dimensions of Hofstede, and from TripAdvisor, a representative tourism platform, 204,261 optional attribute ratings for hotels in New York to investigate the satisfaction of hotel selection attributes. In conclusion, it is expected that this study will be able to identify which service attributes the customers of various cultures who visit hotels put emphasis in advance, and therefore provide suitable service accordingly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.73-87
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the cultural difference between eastern and western culture in the online community in view of Hofstede dimensions of national culture through social network analysis. And this study tries to interpret the cultural dimensions by using social network indexes. The results show every cultural dimension offered conflicting results except uncertainty avoidance. The eastern culture shows individualism, and low power distance compared to western culture in the online community. Moreover the communication speed of eastern culture is faster than western culture. But eastern culture shows high uncertainty avoidance in the online community similar to an offline culture. This results of this study show that because of certain differences between the offline and online culture, the typical framework we use to analyze offline culture should not be applied to analyze online culture. Therefore we believe that the most important contribution of this study should be related with the finding that we need very different approach to be able to correctly understand the prevalent culture in the online community than the one that we use in the offline community.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.91-116
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• 2016

This study proposes a research model to investigate the effect of ICT on national culture and values. Why should we research the relationship between ICT and culture? We do this to shed light on the cultural framework and find areas for further research. This research has found that the development of Information Communication Technology(ICT) has proved to have a positive effect on the quality of individualism (B0.603), there is a decrease in power distance index(B-0.331)and a correlation between individualism and wealth. Also, the development of Information Communication Technology(ICT) has proved to have a positive effect on the quality of Long Term Orientation. As for adoption and use of ICT, the role of culture is important for many reasons. First of all, we can recognize the importance of national culture and organizational culture in establishing the ability of the overall culture to adapt, efficiently merging with different cultures and overcoming potential obstacles of these tasks. This is the evidence supporting the current theory. Our research shows that development of technology highly influences deep human values. Furthermore, the data points used in this research are from World Economic Forum, World Development Indicator and International Telecommunication Union. In order to understand and develop social evolution and progress, we tried to use data that is fair and verifiable.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.335-348
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• 2020

This study examines the cultural differences in Korea and the United Kingdom, and how they affect consumer complaint behavior(CCB). Technological advances allow consumers to easily access information anywhere in the world using the internet thus they demand even higher expectations from the sellers. Consumers from different cultural backgrounds, especially the millennial generation, have different ways of expressing a dissatisfying shopping experience. For this comparative study, in-depth interviews were conducted based on the methodology set by grounded theory. The results of the axial coding produced by recombining the data from open coding were visualized as a paradigm model. The main phenomenon of attitude towards complaining was formed following the causal conditions of dissatisfaction that occurred after purchasing fashion products online. The contextual condition, which is the cultural factors, affects the formation of the attitude towards complaining; and the intervening conditions, which are personal value and amplifications of dissatisfaction, had a moderating effect between the causal condition and the main phenomenon. Complaining costs, the likelihood of successful complaint, attribution, and the importance of the product were the determinants of the complaining behavior after the attitude towards complaining was formed. As a result, there were three classifications of consumer complaining behavior: no action, private action, and public action. This research will serve as a guide for online companies that wish to enter the UK fashion industry with a competitive edge.