• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.107-113
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• 1983

20 children who visited department of pedodontics, S.N.U. Hospital were examined and their study models were obtained. The data obtained from three groups of operator, three method, twice measurement, was analysed. The results of the study were as follow: 1. The Brass-wire method appears to be the least desirable of those examined for space predictions in all three groups of operators. 2. It appears that there is little clinical significance between Moyer's and Segmented-arch method in all three groups of operators. 3. The Moyers' method appears to be more easily conceptualized by inexperienced operators than the other two methods.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 1975

This study was undertaken to investigate the exact values of the cephalometric standards of Hellman dental age III B groups of Korean in the reontgenocephalometry. The subjects consisted of 25 males and the same number of females with the normal occlusion and acceptable profile. Each lateral cephalometric head film was taken with the teeth in occlusion and the Focal-film distance was 300cm. Their linear and angular measurements were made directly. The following conclusions were obtained; 1) The author made the tables of standard deviation from the measured values. 2) The degree of the facial convexity of Korean children was larger than that of the white. 3) The labial inclination of the lower central incisor in male was a little greater than that in female.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.119-128
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• 2011

In the process of assessing the children with anterior crossbite in early mixed dentition, it has frequently been detected that the stronger the skeletal pattern of the malocclusion is, the more markedly delayed the development and eruption of maxillary teeth are. If the anteroposterior characteristics of craniofacial skeleton has any relationship with dental maturation, the evaluation of dental development and eruption was thought to be able to contribute to early diagnosis of crossbite in children. This study was performed for the purpose of elucidating the relationship between dental maturation of maxillary teeth and some cephalometric values in children with anterior crossbite of maxillary undergrowth type in early mixed dentition. Among the children in Hellman dental age IIA and IIC who attended the Pediatric Dental Clinic of Pusan National University Hospital with orthodontic problems, cases with Class III malocclusion were classified and 50 cases of maxillary undergrowth type and type with normal maxilla respectively were randomly selected and studied as subjects. From their lateral cephalographs and panoramic radiographs, their anteroposterior skeletal features, the dental maturity and eruption rate were obtained of each group and data were analyzed to yield the results as follows: 1. Comparing the maturity of maxillary teeth of both groups, only the first molars of maxillary undergrowth group showed significantly slower development and eruption (p<0.05). 2. There was high correlation between maturation of maxillary 1st molar and chronological age(p<0.05). 3. Among the parameters of anteroposterior relationship of skeletal pattern in maxilla and mandible. Wits was revealed as a useful index to predict both the calcification and eruption rate of the 1st molars whereas SNA was to eruption rate(p<0.05).

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.290-298
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• 2004

In children, change in lifestyles such as an increase in participation of physical activities has increased the chance of receiving an injury, harming the child and their parents. This study was carried out to give basic information of traumatic injuries to the upper anterior teeth which can be used in prevention of future complications that may arise. From June, 2002 to May, 2003, of the 8,799 children in their primary and mixed dentition visiting Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University 955 upper anterior teeth(primary 543, permanent 412) of 487 children(male 316, female 171) with traumatic injures to the upper incisors were studied. The results were as follows: 1. Trauma to the primary teeth prevailed at the age of 1-3 and to the permanent teeth at the age of 7. The male to female ratio was 1.85:1. 2. Trauma to the upper incisors for both the primary and permanent teeth occurred in the afternoon. Primary teeth were injured most frequently in the home(44.1%) and the permanent teeth outdoors, in the street(17.5%). 3. Both the primary and permanent teeth were most injured by fall-down injuries(39.8%, 12.9%), and next were collisions(22.2%, 6.0%). For the primary teeth, high fall, traffic accident, violence and sports are next in order, and for the permanent teeth, violence, sorts, traffic accidents were next. 4. Average number of 1.6 primary teeth and 2.8 permanent teeth were injured with the right central incisor most prevailing. 5. Crown fracture without pulpal exposure and subluxation injures were highest in frequency in both the primary and permanent teeth.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.167-175
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the palatal rugae could be used as an appropriate reference area for serial model superimposition following Rapid maxillary expansion(RME) and facemask treatment. A total of 52 pediatric patients who had undergone RME and facemask treatment were selected. Palate and palatal rugae in the pre- and post- treatment casts from the patients were measured. In spite of dentoalveolar changes occurred by RME and facemask, anteroposterior changes in palate and palatal rugae were not significant. Anatomical changes of palate and palatal rugae were mostly shown in the transverse dimension. The soft tissue of the palatal rugae stretches in adaptation to hard tissue movement. Among the evaluated landmarks, the medial point of the third palatal rugae seemed to be the most stable. The observed alterations in the palatal rugae demonstrated the potential of medial points of third palatal rugae as a reference point in model superimpositions to evaluate dental movement within the maxillary arch following RME and facemask treatment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1483-1491
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine current status of the types of dental filling materials and preventive materials among Korean children in mixed dentition. Seven elementary schools were randomly selected from four metropolitan regions in South Korea. The total of 711 children aged 9-10 years old were examined with their parents’ informed consents. Oral examination was conducted by one trained dentist. The mean number of dfs was $7.9{\pm}8.0$ ($ds=1.3{\pm}2.5,\;fs=6.6{\pm}7.6$) and DMFS was $1.4{\pm}2.2$ ($DS=0.2{\pm}0.8,\;FS=1.1{\pm}2.1$). The average of filled surfaces using amalgam, composites, sealants, and others were $2.8{\pm}3.9,\;1.6{\pm}2.8,\;2.9{\pm}3.2$, and $4.5{\pm}7.0$, respectively. The use of dental filling material according to region, the amalgam was the highest in Daegu and the resin was the highest in Pusan. In permanent teeth, about 70% of total filling surfaces had sealant and about 20% was resin fillings, and the proportion of amalgam filling surfaces was less than 10%.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.652-661
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the skeletal and dental effects obtained by the Frankel functional regulator III in growing children with Class III malocclusions. Cephalometric changes in thirty children at the time of mixed dentition malocclusions (initial mean age, $7.9{\pm}1.1$ years; mean treatment duration, $1.5{\pm}0.8$ years) were analysed. The results were as follows : 1. The skeletal effects on the maxilla showed a significant downward displacement whereas forward displacement was not significant in comparison with the control group. 2. The skeletal effects on the mandible showed statistically significant backward and downward displacement. 3. The dental effects showed statistically significant backward movement in the mandibular incisor tip and increase of overjet The results suggested that forward displacement on the maxilla was insufficient and treatment effects were caused mainly by downward displacement of the maxilla, backward and downward rotation of the mandible, and the increase of overjet during short period.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.412-419
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to provide the reference data evaluating the treatment effect of orthopedic appliances. The skeletal and dental growth increments were measured in 24 normal mixed dentition children (boys: 14, girls: 10) by three serial lateral cephalograms: initial mean age: 9${\pm}$1.3 years, mean observation period: 13${\pm}$1.3 months. Cephalometric changes were analysed. The results were as follows: 1. In boys, the maxilla showed forward and downward growth pattern and the mandible showed forward growth pattern (p<0.05). In girls, the maxilla and mandible showed forward and downward growth pattern(p<0.05). 2. Horizontal growth of both maxilla and mandible in girls was superior to those in boys (A point; girls: 2.39mm, boys: 1.26mm, with p<0.05), whereas vertical growth of both maxilla and mandible in boys was similar to those in girls. 3. The change in tooth axis showed labioversion of upper incisor (p<0.01) and comparatively stable lower incisor position.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.367-375
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• 2008

Anchorage plays an important role in orthodontic treatment. Skeletal anchorage like the miniscrew is considered a more effective method in anchorage control than conventional anchorage which needs much patient's cooperation. The miniscrew offers many advantages. 1) It is easy to insert and to remove. 2) It can endure the force needed for moving teeth. 3) It can be immediately loaded and 4) Patient cooperation is not needed. 5) It is economic compared to other skeletal anchorage systems. In comparison to adult's bones, children's bones have comparatively poor bone quality and quantity. Therefore, it is hard to obtain primary stability in younger patients. However, if the miniscrew can be retained successfully, it will be effective in many orthodontic treatments. In these cases, we used the miniscrew in correcting of diastema, in aligning dental midline, and in rendering a forced eruption of impacted tooth in mixed dentition patient. We obtained satisfactory results.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 2019

Vertical facial growth triggers the rotation of mandible to move the chin point to the downward and backward direction, which showed remarkably effective result making the less prominent chin. Recently, the intraoral removable appliance utilizing class III elastic demonstrated the vertical growth trigger mechanism. The treatment change was very fast and wearing was quite easy, compared to extraoral appliances. The purpose of this study was to verify the duration of the treatment on class III malocclusion using intraoral removable appliances, which designed to accelerate vertical facial growth. 56 patients were selected with the complaint of the protruded mandible and class III malocclusion (overjet : -3 - 0 mm, overbite : 0 - 4 mm). Information like; age at start, duration of the treatment events, type of the treatment, overjet, overbite etc. was collected and calculated. The average age of the patients delivering the initial brace was $8.75{\pm}1.10year$. Most of the anterior crossbite was resolved within 6 months. The total treatment period was $21.79{\pm}10.73months$ with the additional procedures like the alignment of anterior teeth and torque control using additional removable and fixed orthodontic appliances. The correlation study showed that patient's cooperation (p = 0.000) and the use of fixed appliance (p = 0.032) were significantly influenced on treatment duration.