• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.15-21
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the influence of respiration on the segmental motion of the lumbar spine in the lying position. Methods: Twelve healthy females without a history of low back pain participated. Lumbosacral lordosis, intervertebral body angles, intervertebral body displacements, and anterior heights of the intervertebral disc of the lumbar spine were measured at inspiration, expiration and forced expiration in the supine and prone positions via fluoroscopy. Results: The results of lumbar kinematic analysis in the supine position according to respiration pattern were as follows. The L4/5 intervertebral body angle was significantly higher at forced expiration than at expiration (p<0.05). The L3/4 anterior height of the intervertebral disc was significantly higher at expiration than at forced inspiration and the L5/S1 anterior height of the intervertebral disc was significantly higher at inspiration than at forced expiration (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the intervertebral body displacements and lumbosacral lordosis in the supine position (p>0.05). The results of lumbar kinematic analysis in the prone position according to respiration pattern were as follows. The L5/S1 anterior height of the intervertebral disc was significantly higher at inspiration than at forced expiration (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the intervertebral body angle, the intervertebral body displacements, and the lumbosacral lordosis (p>0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggested that respiration can affect the intervertebral body angle and anterior height of the intervertebral disc in some segments. The results from this study serve as a step in the development of guidelines for lumbar kinematic analysis for lumbar breathing training.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2013

연구목적: 본 연구는 만성 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 흡기근 저항훈련이 횡격막 두께와 폐기능 및 흉곽 확장에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 수행하였다. 연구방법: 연구 대상자는 총 29명(남자 17명, 여자 12명)으로 흡기근 저항훈련군(15명)과 대조군(14명)으로 분류하였다. 모든 대상자는 6개월 이상된 만성 뇌졸중 환자로 일반적인 신경발달치료를 받고 있으며, 같은 기간 동안 흡기근 저항훈련군에 역치부하 흡기근육 단련기(threshold IMT device)를 제공하고 주 3회${\times}$1회 20분씩 6주간 시행하였다. 마비측과 비마비측 횡격막 두께측정을 위해 초음파의 7.5MHz linear probe를 사용하여 최대 흡기시(Tdi.con)와 휴식시(Tdi.rel)의 두께를 측정하고 수축률(TR)을 계산하였다. 또한 폐 활량계를 사용하여 노력성 폐활량을 측정하였으며, 줄자를 사용하여 흉곽 확장을 측정하였다. 연구결과: 6주간 중재 후 흡기근 저항훈련군에서 최대흡기시 횡격막 두께(Tdi.con)와 수축률(TR)은 유의한 증가를 보였다(p<.05). 1초간 노력성 호기량 ($FEV_1$)과 최대 호기 속도(PEF)도 유의한 증가를 보였으나(p<.05), 노력성 폐활량(FVC)과 1초간 노력성 호기량의 노력성 폐활량에 대한 비($FEV_1$/FVC), 흉곽 확장은 유의한 증가는 보이지 않았다(p>.05). 결론: 본 연구는 만성뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 흡기근 저항훈련의 적용이 횡격막의 수축력과 폐기능 및 흉곽 확장력을 향상시켜 호흡근의 협응력을 증가시키고, 비활동성으로 인해 감소된 운동내성을 증가하게 함으로써 향후 재활에서 만성 뇌졸중 환자에게 2차적인 기능향상에 도움을 줄수 있을 것으로 보여진다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2018

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of inspiratory muscle training on diaphragm movement and pulmonary function in healthy women. METHODS: The subjects of the study were 27 young women between ages 19 and 22 years who had no history of orthopedic damage for the last 6 months. The 27 participants were randomly selected and spontaneously participated and consented to the purpose of the study. This study measured diaphragm movement and pulmonary function under two different conditions, before and after inspiratory muscle training. Ultrasonography is appropriate for measuring diaphragm movement, and Pony Fx is appropriate to measure pulmonary function such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$), $FEV_1/FVC$ ratio, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) before and after inspiratory muscle training. Paired t-test with a significant level of .05 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: As a result, diaphragm movement significantly increases 1.45cm from before inspiratory muscle training (p<.05). Also, FVC, $FEV_1$, and FEP significantly increase 11.25%, 6.96%, and 8.18%, respectively, from before inspiratory muscle training (p<.05). CONCLUSION: The diaphragm movement and pulmonary function of the healthy women in this study were in stantly affected by inspiratory muscle training. From these results, we need to confirm effects of inspiratory muscle training on clinical patients such as pulmonary disease.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.718-721
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• 1998

The surgical closure of VSD in patient with severe pulmonary hypertension has been considered a difficult problem for surgeons, because sudden hemodynamic change after closure of the defect could bring on high perioperative mortality. Recently, it was reported that UVP(unidirectional valve patch), which allows some blood to flow from right to left in case of acute right heart failure, is effective in improving the postoperative hemodynamics after closing septal defects. This 42-year old woman had suffered from VSD for 20 years and recently complained of worsening exertional dyspnea for three months, and was diagnosed of a large VSD(2.0 cm in diameter) with severe pulmonary hypertension(116/38 mm Hg), equal to systemic arterial pressure. We could successfully close VSD with severe pulmonary hypertension using one UVP and the other UVP for the creative ASD to be prepared against possible acute right heart failure. She was discharged on the fourteenth postoperative day and has been well for twelve months with spontanenous closure of UVP patch at the ninth postopeative month.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.296-299
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• 2010

A right coronary artery to left ventricular fistula with a giant right coronary artery aneurysm is a very rare condition. This requires surgical treatment because of the possibility of rupture of aneurysm, heart failure and infective endocarditis. A 47 years old male patient with dyspnea on exertion for 3 months was diagnosed as having a right coronary artery to left ventricular fistula with a giant right coronary artery aneurysm according to the CT and coronary artery angiography. We resected the aneurysm and performed a coronary artery bypass graft.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.131-141
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to find out the acoustic variation on the pre-and post respiration and oral motor for children with cerebral palsy. Five children with spastic CP at the age of 6 in average were practiced by a caregiver at home each for 25 minutes, in total, 45 times. The sustained of vowel /a/ and vowels /a/, /i/, /u/, /e/, /o/ were recorded on CSL and MDVP and analyzed by acoustic parameters. As a result, the maximum phonation time(MPT) was increased from 2.06 to 6.31 and the formant of vowels(F1, F2, F3) had significant differences in F1(/a, i/), F2(/i.u.o/), and F3(/a/) between the controls and the children with CP in pre-treatment. The total average value of vowels had significant differences between the pre-and post-treatment (p< .05). The energy of vowels had significant differences in the vowels /i, u, e, o/ and the total average value between the pre-and post-treatment(p< .001). The jitter percent, shimmer percent, and noise to harmonic ratio had significant differences between the pre-and post-treatment(p< .05). As the respiration and the oral motor improved MPT, voice quality, and articulation of vowel, and the variation of the formant(F1, F2, F3) showed the changes in the shape of lips, the place and the height of the tongue, the various development of therapy programs and the consistent intervention of treatment is needed for the children with cerebral palsy.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.72-81
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in pulmonary functioning after respiratory exercise with IPPB (Intermittent Positive Pressure Breather) in patients with progressive muscular dystrophy (PMD). The subjects were 46 patients with PMD who were admitted to the Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Youngdong Severance Hospital. The subjects were assigned into one of 2 groups. The control group received comprehensive treatments such as ROM exercise, deep breathing exercise, moist hot packs, and ultrasound twice a day while admitted at the Rehabilitation Medicine Department. Unlike the control group, the subjects at the experimental group received respiratory exercise treatment with IPPB. The subjects were admitted for 10~19 days, and the average length of hospital stay was 12.2 days. Pulmonary functioning was evaluated at admission and discharge by SENSOR MEDICS. The data were analyzed by a paired t-test and a independent t-test. The results were as follows: 1) The change of each parameter of pulmonary function tests were significantly improved in all groups after respiratory exercise treatment during admission (p<0.05). 2) By comparing the change of each parameter of pulmonary function tests between the experimental group and control group, the parameters of vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity, forced vital capacity predicted (FVCP) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were significantly improved in the experimental group which had received the pulmonary exercise treatment with IPPB (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study suggests that the pulmonary exercise treatments with IPPB facilitated improvement in the pulmonary functioning for the PMD patients during their hospital stay.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.265-271
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• 1986

To screen biologically active components of the higher fungi of Korea, the dried carpophores of Auricularia polytricha were extracted with water. The extract was examined for acute toxicity in ICR mice. A low molecular weight toxin of this fungus was purified by a acetone precipitation followed by cellulose, silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Major symptoms of this toxin were decreasing of normal motility, eye extrusion, hair erection, shivering, trembling of head, paralysis, rapid running or moving before death and depression of respiration. The median lethal doses of the total extract were 1. 28 g/kg and 4. 31 g/kg by i.p. and p.o. administrations, respectively. The amounts of one mouse lethal unit of the total extract and final fraction that killed a 20 g mouse within 30 minutes were 28.5 and 12.0 mg/mouse, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.512-515
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• 2001

The heifer electrocardiograph is a widely progressing research which is used in judgement to existence for a heart disease and analyzes electric potential changes of heart movement during continuous living of everyday after attaching to body portable holler recorder for twenty-four hours. In order to obtain electrocardiogram clearly, it must eliminate that 60Hz power line interference, baseline wandering, noise of muscle constriction. In holter electrocardiogram, the most big problem which is recorded signal of ECG(electrocardiogram) is a baseline wandering elimination, which is occurred by rhythm of respiration and muscle constriction of part from attaching to an electrode. Such baseline is roughly irregular wandering and shaking up and down therefore the part of baseline wandering elimination is very important because it is difficult of ECG diagnosis. In this study, it is stabilized baseline wandering in analog part as implementation f real-time signal processing digital filter so it is applicable to analyze patient's heart disease by way of design of baseline wandering elimination system.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.306-310
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• 2007

Restrictive dermopathy is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which rigidity or tautness of the skin from the second trimester causes a fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS) and early death. Characteristic features include taut skin with prominent subcutaneous vessels, widely open fontanelles and cranial sutures, distinctive facies, flexion contractures, pulmonary hypoplasia, sparse eyelashes and and eyebrows, thin dysplastic clavicles. The histologic abnormalities of the skin are located in a thin dermis, consisting of compactly arranged collagen fibers, scanty elastic fiber. The dermoepidermal junction is flat, and epidermal appendages are absent, miniaturized or immature. The presence of adipose tissue may be increased. We report on the first Korean case of restrictive dermopathy with typical clinical features and histological findings.