• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.165-171
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• 2024

This study aims to investigate the appropriate volume of artificial ventilation and success rate when Basic - emergency medical Technician administer bag valve mask(BVM) artificial ventilation to patients experiencing respiratory failure or respiratory arrest using a respiratory rate measurement device. The research was conducted from December 11th to 12th, 2023, targeting 20 Basic - emergency medical Technicians enrolled at D University. Ten participants were selected for the experimental group, receiving BVM ventilation training with the use of a respiratory rate measurement device, while the other ten were assigned to the control group, receiving BVM ventilation training without the use of a respiratory rate measurement device. The experiment involved providing artificial ventilation for 2 minutes. The results of the study indicated that the control group did not provide accurate tidal volume (p=.025). The experimental group demonstrated a higher success rate of ventilation over the 2-minute period, while the control group showed a significant difference (p=.001). Subjective perception of tidal volume and objectively measured tidal volume also exhibited a significant difference in the control group (p=.010). Therefore, training with a respiratory rate measurement device can align the subjective perception of tidal volume with objective measurements, increase the success rate of ventilation, and potentially contribute to improving survival rates in patients experiencing respiratory failure or respiratory arrest during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.315-318
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• 2002

본 논문은 도플러 레이다의 원리를 이용하여 인체 호흡수 측정기술에 관하여 기술하였다. 주파수 1.59㎓ 대역의 전자파를 이용한 인체 호흡수 측정의 역사적 배경과 함께 자세한 측정원리 및 방법을 제시하였다. 인체의 흉곽 운동에 의해 반사된 신호의 도플러 주파수 차이만큼의 변이량을 오실로스코프 상에서 단위시간 당 호흡수를 나타내었다. 헤테로다인 방식의 시스템으로 측정하였으며, 폴디드 슬롯 안테나를 자체 제작하여 사용하였다. 이와 같은 인체 호흡수 측정기는 생명체 탐지 장치나 수면 무호흡증 측정기로 사용될 수 있으며 동작 감지 레벨을 높이면 그 적용 범위는 더욱더 늘어날 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.219-229
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• 2022

This study is to evaluate the intervention effect using a flowmeter in bag-valve mask skill education. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of bag-valve mask skill between intervention group with flowmeter and control group without flowmeter, understand the improvement effect of skill education of bag-valve mask, and provide basic data to suggest the method of skill education. The total number of subjects of this study was 60, with 30 intervention group and 30 control group. In comparison of the optimal number of normal tidal volume range at pre-test and post-test, the normal range percentages of the intervention group before and after education were 32.8% and 86.7%, respectively, and there was a significant difference(p<0.01). The normal range percentages of the control group before and after education were 20.0% and 34.7%, respectively, and there was a significant difference(p<0.05). To evaluate the factors associated with good performance of bag-valve mask skill of the subjects including the normal range of tidal volume, the logistic regression analysis has been performed, and the significant influential factors were gender(10.305, 1.20-87.98), educational experience of field practice(31.674, 1.25-805.16), and intervention(92.750, 4.58-1879.69). Through this study, it was confirmed that the intervention using flowmeter for the skill education of bag-valve mask was effective, and it is necessary to consider reflecting it in the education of students majoring in emergency medical technology in the future.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.479-486
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• 2001

Spirometer is a medical equipment which diagnoses respiratory function by measuring 9as volume across Patient's lunes through airway. Because a little overdose of anesthesia medicine can take away Patient's life in the ventilator for a surgical operation. an exact measurement of respiring volume is very important. This Paper Presented an exact flow volume calculation method from factors having an influence on measurement and introduced a spirometry system for an anesthesia ventilato. This system, using differential Pressure sensor measured flow by mutual relation with Pressure. temperature. gas density and linearization from the 2nd order characteristics of differential pressure with flow.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.780-786
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• 2012

A trenching method was used to determine the contribution of root respiration to soil respiration in Quercus acutissima forest in the vicinity of Gongju, Chungnam Province, Korea. $CO_2$ efflux in soil respiration plot($R_{control}$, $R_c$) and microblal respiration plot($R_{trenched}$, $R_t$) in Q. acutissima forest were measured from June 2011 to May 2012 by using IRGA soil respiration analyzer. Seasonal $CO_2$ efflux in $R_c$ and $R_t$ were higher in summer season than in winter season. In August, maximun $CO_2$ efflux in $R_c$ and $R_t$ was 1.345 and 0.897 g $CO_2\;m^{-2}\;hr^{-1}$, respectively. $CO_2$ efflux in $R_t$ was lower by 33.31% than that in $R_c$(P<0.05). In January, $CO_2$ efflux in $R_c$ and $R_t$ was 0.097 and 0.032g $CO_2\;m^{-2}\;hr^{-1}$, respectively. $CO_2$ efflux in $R_t$ was lower by 67.01% than that in $R_c$(P<0.01). The amount of annual $CO_2$ efflux from $R_c$ and $R_t$ was 4.320, 2.834kg $CO_2\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$, respectively. There was a significant correlations between soil temperatures and soil respiration. Contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration in this Q. acutissima forest was 34.40%.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.18D no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 2011

In this paper developed a wearable activity device and algorithm which can be converted into the real-time activity and monitoring by acquiring sensor row data to be occurred when a person is walking by using a tri-axial accelerometer. Test was proceeded at various step speeds such as slow walking, walking, fast walking, slow running, running and fast running, etc. for 36 minutes in accordance with the test protocol after wearing a metabolic test system(K4B2), Actical and the device developed in this study at the treadmill with 59 participants of subjects as its target. To measure the activity of human body, a regression equation estimating the Energy Expenditure(EE) was drawn by using data output from the accelerometer and information on subjects. As a result of experiment, the recognition rate of algorithm being proposed was shown the activity conversion algorithm was enhanced by 1.61% better than the performance of Actical.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.509-515
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• 2004

Pulmonary function tests are widely used to diagnose and determine patients' therapy in clinic. And it was also applied in the research of the physiology and dynamics for lung disease. Among the pulmonary function tests, spirometry is the most easy and economic test. Spirometers are medical instruments that measure the instantaneous rate of volume flow of respired Bas. The mechanical spirometer was mostly used in the past. Up to the present, the most popular method of spirometer is the differential pressure technique with which change in the volume of flow are transferred to change in pressure. This kind of instrument suffers from several limitations, pressure drop, difficulty in maintenance and short period of calibration. Therefore, this study has begun to implement ultrasound spirometer, which is free of pressure loss and has wide range, focusing on the flow measurement technique and diagnostic algorithm.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.49-60
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to evaluate the variability of the blood.breath ratio (BBR) value and to rationalize the determination of ethanol in breath for evidential sobriety testing. In the experiment forty eight healthy persons, 24 men and 24 women, took part. The experiment included the experimental condition such as sex(2),the type of alcoholic beverage(2; soju, whisky), the type of food(2;kimchi stew, pork belly) and the amount of ethanol consumed(2; 0.35g/kg, 0.70g/kg, based on body weight ) according to 24 factorial design by orthogonal arrays. Breath and blood sample were taken each 8 times and 5 times after the end of drinking. The blood and breath alcohol measurements were highly correlated (r = 0.973). The Results of four way analyses of variance revealed a significant 'the type of food' effect for maximum BrAC (F (1, 43) =5.1, pp<.029), but no significant effect in the type of alcoholic beverage and sex. The overall blood/breath ratio (${\pm}$ SD) was 2295${\pm}$403 and the 95% confidence interval were 1489 and 3101. In spite of these variations, at this time, it seems to be reasonable that apply 2100:1 conversion factor to breathalyzers, because most of the subjects showed the blood.breath ratio of over 2100:1 at least 30 minutes or more passed from the time of drinking as shown in this study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.514-517
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• 2003

Oxygen supply is one of the most basic things in human body. Breathing is controlled by the lungs' stationary function and the respiratory center which is in the mesulla oblongata. Nothing but, the external breathing that air movement between the lungs and atmosphere and the internal breathing that cellular air movement between the hemoglobin and a single cell. The adult's number of times of the respirations is about 15∼20 per 1 minute, but it depends ages, exercise, temperature, disease, etc. The important thing in detecting the respiration is that doing it in object person's resting time. Detecting the respiration have to be done without attracting any attention of object person. In present using method is detecting the pulse with catching an object person's wrist and observing the object person's movement. In this paper, we propose the mobile respiration detection diagnostic system using ultrasound sensing method that does not be influenced by the inertia error and the pressure error.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.35-43
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• 1999

Biotransformation of inorganic nitrogens, which are possible contaminants of bank filtered water, in soil of near bank filtration site was investigated based on oxygen consumption and changes of chemical parameters in respirometer. Biotransformation activities of inorganic nitrogens at different conditions of pH. water content. and added initial${NH_4}_2$$SO_4$were compared. At original low pH and 20% of water content, nearly no biotransformation activity of inorganic nitrogen was observed, in addition, control and NH$_4$-added sets did not show any significant differences of oxygen consumption. Among tested conditions, the highest activity was observed at 25% water content and pH 8. Nearly 98% nitrification activity was observed at sets amended with 400 mg $NH_4$-N/kg soil as${NH_4}_2$$SO_4$in the condition of pH 8 and 20~23% water content. However, considerable activity of subsequent denitrification was not observed.