• 농업기술회보
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.21-22
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• 2014

호밀은 월동작물 중에서 추위에 가장 강하고, 낮은 온도에서 빨리 성장하는 특성을 가지고 있어 다른 작물보다 한 달 빠른 4월 중 하순에 수확이 가능하다. 이런 장점으로 호밀을 월동기온이 낮아 겨울작물 재배가 어렵거나 벼를 빨리 이앙하는 지역에서 풋베기용이나 사일리지용 조사료로 많이 재배되고 있다. 그러나 호밀은 도복에 약하고, 이삭이 나온 이후 사료의 질이 떨어지기 때문에 수량이 많고 사료가치가 좋은 호밀 조사료를 생산하려면 세심한 관리가 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.168-172
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• 2017

In this study, the fermentative characteristics of rye sourdough fermented with Omija extract were investigated. The pH and total titratable acidity, numbers of yeast and lactic acid bacteria, and expansion rate were measured. While the pH of Omija rye sourdough decreased from 5.60 to 3.86, the total titratable acidity significantly increased from 2.39 to 8.50 with fermentation time (p<0.05). The numbers of yeast and lactic acid bacteria significantly increased for 18 h of fermentation period (p<0.05). The expansion rate of Omija rye sourdough showed a maximum of 183%, more than 47% more than the highest value of rye sourdough (129%). These results suggest that the application of Omija extract for making sourdough could be a good way to decrease the sanitary risk especially for early stage of sourdough fermentation. In addition, Omija rye sourdough could contribute to improvement of baking quality such as volume increase and flavor improvement of rye bread.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.529-538
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the sowing time and sowing methods of the Rye(Secale cereale L.) for an organic soybean farming system. It can be seen that there was no significantly differences on soil chemical properties in the rhizosphere due to the Rye's sowing season. A soil chemical properties due to the Rye's sowing date in spring, O.M.(g $kg^{-1}$) contents was increased at a late Rye's sowing dat, while on the other pH, Avail. $P_2O_5$(mg $kg^{-1}$) and CEC(cmol+ $kg^{-1}$) were decreased. A highest yields of soybean was achieved at the plot which the Rye was sowed on 20th March with two-line, 5 row and 70cm row-space.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.388-397
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• 1985

Forage productivity and sequential changes in forage quality of four rye and two triticale varieties were studied. All the observed characteristics were similar among rye or triticale varieties, but they were different between rye and triticale varieties. Early growth of rye was better compared to triticale varieties, but at heading stage yield in dry weight, digestible dry matter and percent dry matter of triticale were higher compared to rye varieties. Heading stage of rye was earlier than that of triticale by 11 - 14 days. Triticale had longer and broader leaf blades and a higher leaf blade/total dry weight ratio compared to rye. Protein content decreased as plant growth advanced and it was higher in rye before heading, but it was similar after heading compared to triticale. Cellulose and lignin contents of rye increased through 20 days after heading. However, in triticale cellulose increased until heading stage and it levelled off, but lignin content increased rapidly after heading. Among the crude fibers, only acid detergent fibers(ADF) was negatively correlated with in vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) in both rye and triticale. IVDMD of rye decreased rapidly after heading, but it was maintained as high as heading stage up to 15 days after heading in triticale. Protein content and IVDMD in leaf blades were higher than those of culm + leaf sheath, hemicellulose was similar, and cellulose, lignin, and ADF in leaf blades were lower compared to culm + leaf sheath. In the early and middle part of April rye was superior to triticale as a soiling crop because of a better plant growth of rye under the low temperature conditions, but in the later part of April and early part of May triticale was superior to rye because of a rapid decreased in IVDMD of rye after heading and a late maturing characteristics of triticale. Planting both rye and triticale could prolong the utilization period of the soiling crops and increase in yield with better quality compared to a single crop of rye or triticale.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.239-250
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• 2002

Evaluation works of oat in mixture with rye on forage yield have not been reported. The objective of this study was to determine yield and quality of forage mixture as affected by maturity of rye cultivar and oat-rye seeding rate at Suweon from 1999 to 2000. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications. Main plots consisted of maturity of rye. such as early(cv. Koolgrazer) and late(cv. Kodiak)maturing cultivars. Sub-plots consisted of seeding rate (T1: Oat 2000 and rye 0kg/ha, Ts: Oat 150 and rye 40kg/ha, T3: Oat100 and rye 80kg/ha, T4: Oat50 and rye 120kg/ha. and T5: Oat0 and rye 160kg/ha). Crude protein(CP) content of oat-rye mixture harvested in the fall was not influenced by maturity of rye cultivar, but that of oat-rye mixture was increased from 13.6 to 19.3% as the seeding rate of rye increased(P<0.05), however, maturity of rye cultivar significantly affected CP content of oat-rye mixture in the spring(P<0.01). Acid detergent fiber(ADF) content of oat-rye mixture harvested in the spring was not significantly affected by rye cultivar, but the ADF was decreased from 27.8 to 20.7% as the seeding rate of rye increased(P$<$0.01). When rye was harveste in the spring, ADF content of late maturing cultivar 'Kodiak' was shown as 28.0%. This was lower than that of early maturing cultivar 'Koolgrazer' which was shown as 35.8%(P$<$0.01). Among treatments, neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and in vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) of oat-rye mixture showed a similar trend made on ADF. In this experiment, the highest forage yield (12.356kg/ha) was obtained from early maturing rye cultivar and seeding rates of 100kg/ha of oat and 80kg/ha of rye mixture. A significant interaction between maturity of rye cultivar and seeding rate was found(P$<$0.01). The above results indicate that an early maturing rye cultivar at the seeding rate of 100kd/ha in mixtures with 80kg/ha of oat could be recommended as a succeeding cropping system after corn for silage.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.233-240
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• 2002

Hairy vetch(Vicia villosa Roth) which is legume fur winter cover crop can supply nitrogen for companion crop and soil. The purpose of this study was to improve the forage quality and productivity using forage crop and hairy vetch in winter season fer three years. The results of this experiments were summarized as follows. Plant height of rye was decreased but hairy vetch was increased. The heading stage of rye did not show difference among the treatments. The content of dry mater(DM) was decreased with increased ratio of hairy vetch/rye but it did not show significant difference between seeding methods. Crude protein(CP) content tended to increase in mixture plots. Acid detergent fiber(ADF) and NDF(neutral detergent fiber) content of mixture plots were lower than that of rye mono-cultivated. In vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) and TDN(total digestible nutrient) content were showed inverted tendency. The highest DM yield was in rye mono-cultivated, but it was similar between mono-cultivated and mixture I (P<0.05). In the CP yield, it did not show the significant difference between rye mono-culture and mixture I . The content of total nitrogen in soil showed slight increase as 0.06∼0.08%. Conclusively, mixture I showed equal or superior productivity and quality comparing with rye mono-cultivated, mixture I would be recommended to produce higher yield and to conserve soil environment.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.233-238
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• 2001

국내산 품종별, 보리, 귀리, 밀, 호미의 식이섬유 함량과 추출물의 점성을 분석하여 생리적 기능성이 높은 식물 소재로서의 활용성을 모색하였다. 평균 총 식이섬유함량은 보리 19.9%, 호밀 18.0%, 밀 15.9%귀리 groat 15.5%,보리쌀 9.7%의 순이었다. 수용성 식이섬유의 함량은 보리 6.6%, 호밀, 6.4%, 보리쌀 5.4%, 구리 .groat 4.9%밀 3.8%의순이었으며 ,밀과 호밀의 제분부산물인 bran은 경제적인 측면에서 활용성이 높은 식이섬유 소재인거승로 확인되었다. $\beta$-glucan 함량은 보리와 귀리에서 4.4.~4.5%로 유사하게 높았으며 호밀과 밀에서는 낮게 나타났다. 총 $\beta$-glucan 에대한 수용성 $\beta$-glucan 의 비율로 나타낸 용해성은 귀리와 보리순으로 높았으며 밀과 호밀에서는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 식이섬유 추출물의 점도는 호밀, 보리쌀 귀리, groat. 밀의 순으로 높았으며, 맥류 품종의 수용성 식이섬유 함량이 높을수록 점도가 높을경향을 보여주었다. 국내산 맥류의 고점도 식이섬유는 생이기능성이 높은 건강식품소재로서의 활용가치가 클것으로 사료되었다.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.579-589
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• 2020

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of rye as green manure crop on the improvement of soil environment and reduction of Phytophthora blight in red pepper of open field where Phytophthora blight occurred frequently. Soil physical properties such as bulk density and porosity were increased in rye cultivation. In addition, gaseous was increased but liquid was decreased compared with conventional cultivation. The analysis of phospholipid fatty acids extracted from soil showed that rye cultivation significantly increased relative abundance of microbial community and ratio of aerobic to anaerobic bacteria. Furthermore, ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids and cyclo-fatty acids to precursor. the indicators of increasing in environmental stresses, were reduced in rye cultivated field. Occurrence of Phytophthora blight in rye cultivation was reduced 30.7% compared with conventional cultivation. These results suggest that rye cultivation in red pepper of open field where Phytophthora blight occurred can improve soil environment and reduce damage of Phytophthora blight.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.207-214
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• 2006

The object of this experiment was to suggest the optimum utilization upon rye and hairy vetch crops in Daejeon area. The field trials were conducted from 2002 to 2004 at Chungnam National University in order to evaluate the dry matter yield and quality of rye, hairy vetch, and rye+hairy vetch mixtures. The experiment was designed with split plots (main plot : seeding rate as rye mono culture, hairy vetch monoculture, rye 80%+hairy vetch 20%, rye 60%+hairy vetch 40%, and sub plot : 4 cutting stages as boot, heading, anthesis, milk). The average DM yield for 2 years had a difference on seeding rate and harvesting stages. The DM yield of rye monoculture was higher than those of the other seeding rates. There were significant increases in advanced stages in all treatments. In chemical composition, they also had a difference on seeding rates and growth stages. Hairy vetch monoculture was higher in crude protein (CP) and dry matter digestibility (DMD), but lower in fibrous compound than those of the other seeding rates (p<0.01). The crude protein dry matter (CPDM) and digestible dry matter yield was higher in rye 80%+hairy vetch 20% mixture when it was harvested at anthesis to milk stages. The results of this experiment indicated that when it was harvested at anthesis to the milk stages, rye 80%+hairy vetch 20% mixture was more effective in enhancing the DM yield and forage quality in Daejeon area.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.289-294
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• 2008

This experiment was conducted at college of Agriculture and Life Science in Chungnam National University from September, 2004 to June, 2007 in order to evaluate the mixture possibility between barley and rye in the area of Daejeon. Rye (cultivar; Koolgrazer) and barley (cultivar; Daeyeon Bori) were set for the experiment. The experiment was arranged in four treatments: R100 (rye 100%), R60 + B40(rye 60% + barley 40%), R50% + B50% (rye 50% + barley 50%), and R40% + B60% (rye 40% + barley 60%). The experiment was repeated three times in the randomized complete block. The average dry matter (DM) yield for three years of R100 weighed 9,282 kg and its DM yield was higher than any other DM yield. The higher the barley seed rates are, the lower the DM yield is (p<0.05). As the barley seed rates increased 40%, 50%, and 60% respectively, its vegetative percentage tended to increase 30%, 41%, and 47%, but the barley vegetative percentage against its seed rates did bring forth somewhat low results. Compared with R100, the contents of crude protein (CP) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) got higher as the barley seed rates became higher, while the contents of NDF, ADF, cellulose, and lignin were lower (p<0.05). Compared with R100, the yields of crude protein dry matter (CPDM) and digestible dry matter (DDM) showed lower in the any mixed barley (p<0.05). Thus, in case of using barley mixed with rye in the area of Daejeon, it seems to be quite difficult, unless the supply of high-productive barley variety is followed, to enhance the yields of DM, CPDM, and DDM.