• Title/Summary/Keyword: 형태변형

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Electrohydrodynamic Treatment of the Shape and Stability of Liquid Metal Ion Sources (액체금속 이온 소오스의 모양과 안정도에 대한 전자유체역학적 연구)

Behavior of Steel Beam Connections under Cyclic Loading (반복하중을 받는 철골보 접합부의 거동)

  • 이승준;김상배
    • Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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    • v.3 no.4
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    • pp.23-32
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    • 1999
  • Behavior of H-beam connections under cyclic loadings is investigated experimentally in this study. The purpose of this study is to study the effect of steel properties and coping shape on the hysteretic behavior of H-beam connections. Five beam-to-column connection specimens were fabricated and tested under cyclic loadings. The load-rotation curves of the beam connections were mainly obtained. Deformation capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the connections are compared each other. The connections fabricated from SS400 showed good deformability and energy dissipation capacity, but those from SM490 showed brittle fracture at the connection. The coping shape at the connections showed a little difference in cyclic behavior.

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Creep Characteristics of Unconsolidated Shale (미고결 셰일의 크립 특성)

  • Chang, Chan-Dong;Zoback, Mark
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.195-200
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    • 2006
  • Laboratory creep experiments show that compaction of unconsolidated shale is an irrecoverable process caused by viscous time-dependent deformation. Using Perzyna's viscoplasticity framework combined with the modified Cam-clay theory, we found the constitutive equation expressed in the form of strain rate as a power law function of the ratio between the sizes of dynamic and static yield surfaces. We derived the volumetric creep strain at a constant hydrostatic pressure level as a logarithmic function of time, which is in good agreement with experimental results. The determined material constants indicate that the yield stress of the shale increases by 6% as strain rate rises by an order of magnitude. This demonstrates that the laboratory-based prediction of yield stress (and porosity) may result in a significant error in estimating the properties in situ.

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그래핀을 이용한 투명 변형율 센서

  • Bae, Sang-Hun;Lee, Yeong-Bin;Kim, Jae-Hyeon;An, Jong-Hyeon
    • Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2012.05a
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    • pp.91.1-91.1
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    • 2012
  • 그래핀의 우수한 기계적 물성에 관한 연구가 보고된 이후 그래핀의 기계적 특성을 이용한 다양한 어플리케이션에 관한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 기계적 특성을 이용한 다양한 어플리케이션 중 가장 대표적인 것은 발생한 스트레인을 측정하는 스트레인 게이지일 것이다. 때문에 본 연구에서는 다양한 기계적 활용 방안 중 스트레인 게이지를 목표로 그래핀을 이용한 스트레인 게이지의 가능성에 관한 실험을 진행하였다. 먼저 그래핀 내에서의 Piezo-resistive 효과에 관한 기초 테스트를 진행을 통해 그래핀의 gauge factor 수치가 2.5가량이 나옴을 확인하였다. 이 때 사용된 그래핀의 경우 Ni 촉매층을 이용하여 CVD 장비를 이용하여 사용되었고 7%의 투과도를 보였다. 추가적으로 이 같은 그래핀의 Piezo-resistive 특성을 이용하여 우리는 두 종류의 변형률 센서를 제작하였다. 한 가지는 기존의 단일 게이지의 경우 미리 지정된 방향의 변형률 정도만을 측정할 수 있다는 단점을 극복하기 위한 rosette 형태의 스트레인 게이지를 제작함으로써 변형률 뿐만 아니라 표면에서 발생하는 주변형률의 방향을 측정할 수 있었다. 또한 제작된 스트레인 센서를 장갑위에 부착 함으로써 다가올 입는 형태의 전사소자에 응용이 가능한 모양의 변형률 센서 제작에 성공하였다.

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The Intuitive Change of Virtual Wand Style in Spatial Sketch System (가상 완드 스타일의 직관적인 변형을 지원하는 공간 스케치 시스템)

  • Nam, Sang-Hun;Chai, Young-Ho
    • 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2009.02a
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    • pp.56-61
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    • 2009
  • According to the target object for designer to sketch, an effective style or shape of input device can be defined differently. The general spatial sketching system that support various types of wand assist sketching effectively as changing suitable wand shape to the part of a target object. We suggest the idea of changing wand style by altering the posture of a 3D wand. This allows a designer to work in an intuitive way without being interrupted by complicated menus. We implement the various wand styles to the spatial sketching system with cubic-based drawing technique.

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Lip Contour Extraction Using Active Shape Model Based on Energy Minimization (에너지 최소화 기반 능동형태 모델을 이용한 입술 윤곽선 추출)

  • Jang, Kyung-Shik
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.10 no.10
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    • pp.1891-1896
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    • 2006
  • In this paper, we propose an improved Active Shape Model for extracting lip contour. Lip deformation is modeled by a statistically deformable model based Active Shape Model. Because each point is moved independently using local profile information in Active Shape Model, many error may happen. To use a global information, we define an energy function similar to an energy function in Active Contour Model, and points are moved to positions at which the total energy is minimized. The experiments have been performed for many lip images of Tulip 1 database, and show that our method extracts lip shape than a traditional ASM more exactly.

Human Hand Deformation with Splines (스플라인을 이용한 인체 손 형상 변형)

  • Lee, Ji-Eun;Yoon, Seung-Hyun;Kim, Myung-Soo
    • Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2005
  • 본 논문에서는 피부 변형 방법의 일종으로 스플라인 곡선과 곡면을 이용한 손 형상의 모델링 및 변형 기술을 소개하다. 손 형상의 골격 구조를 근사하는 스윕에 손 형상 메쉬 정점들을 바인딩 하여 관절의 변화에 따라 변형된 손 형상을 얻고, 손 자세 변형에 따라 손바닥 형상이 돌출되고 손금이 생기는 등 기존 연구에서 부족했던 손바닥 형상 변형의 사실성을 얻기 위해 손바닥 형상 변형을 제어하는 넙스 곡면을 생성하고 이용하였다. 손바닥 표면의 정 점들을 보간하여 생성된 넙스 곡면은 사실적인 손바닥 변형을 위해 소수의 보간 점들만 미리 정의된 방법으로 변경하면 되기 때문에 사용하기가 용이하다. 손금은 손바닥 곡면에 대한 차이 값으로 구현되어 손형상 자세에 부합하게 변형되며, 사람에 따라 다른 다양한 손금 형태를 지원할 수 있다. 연구 결과는 사실적인 형상 변형 결과를 보였으며, 실시간 실행이 가능하다.

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A study on the actuator arrays of a deformable mirror for adaptive optics (적응광학계 변형거울의 구동기 배열에 따른 성능 변화 연구)

  • 엄태경;이완술;윤성기;이준호
    • Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.442-448
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    • 2002
  • In the earth telescope for space observation, the adaptive optical (AO) system that immediately compensates atmospheric turbulence is helpful to get high-resolution images. An adaptive optics for earth telescopes is very attractive, since the Earth telescopes can be made at lower costs and have larger optical apertures than space telescopes. Generally. in order to remove the wavefront error produced by atmospheric turbulence, a deformable mirror, whose surface shape changes in a controllable way in response to a drive signal, is used. The characteristics and patterns of actuators are very important for the effective control of a deformable mirror. The mirror surface shape deformed by one actuator is defined as an influence function and the deformable mirror can be effectively modeled and designed using this influence function. In this paper. by simplifying the actual influence function obtained by FEM analyses into the Gaussian function and introducing the coupling coefficient between actuators, the influence function is constructed. The proper coupling coefficient of the target system can be obtained by performance analyses of a deformable mirror for various coupling coefficients. Using the constructed influence function, the deformable mirror with equally spaced triangular and square actuator patterns is analyzed for various spacings and an effective actuator pattern is proposed.

Behavior of Underground Flexible Pipe According to Ground Characteristics (지반특성에 따른 지중 연성관의 거동특성)

  • Chang, Yongchai;Kim, Yonghyu;Lee, Seungeun;Park, Kichul;No, Jinsuk
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.41-48
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    • 2009
  • A flexible pipe was buried 10cm below the ground formed with standard sand to observe changes in the shape of the pipe according to the behavior of ground at each relative density. Changes in the shape of the pipe in each ground were observed to examine the behavior of the pipe under the state of reinforced ground after installing geogrid under the pipe. Ground reinforced using geogrid formed tensile force on the reinforcement material with increase in the vertical load and showed reduction in settlement under identical vertical load with existence of reinforcement. Distributions of ground deformation of 100% relative density and 70% relative density had clear difference. Reinforced ground with 70% density converged to the ground reaction of final settlement of non-reinforced ground with 100% density at final settlement of 100 mm. Because the shape of lower part strain of the buried pipe is similar to that of un-reinforced ground with relative density of 100%, reinforcement effect by geogrid in soft ground can be anticipated.

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Experimental Study of Deep-Water Wave Instability : Part 2. Evolution of The Initially-Modulated Wave Train (심해파의 불안정성에 관한 실험 연구 -제2부 : 초기변형파의 불안정성)

  • Cho, Won Chul
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.203-211
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    • 1993
  • Experiment on the instability and breaking of the initially modulated deep-water wave train (in wave amplitude or in wave frequency) is performed to investigate the effect of the initial modulation on nonlinear wave evolution. Wave amplitude and frequency modulations are developed earlier and larger than in the case of the uniform deep-water wave trains. However, for small wave steepness in the initially amplitude-modulated wave train, the wave train becomes demodulated and nearly returns to the original wave form at the end of the wave evolution far downstream from the breaking region, with energy returning to the fundamental wave frequency.

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