• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.215-216
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• 2009

본 연구는 꾸준한 신체활동이 고혈압을 강하시키는데 어떠한 효과가 있는지를 확인하는데 그 목적이 있다. 실험대상은 연령과 성별이 같은 SHR로 실험군과 통제군으로 무작위샘플로 분류하였다. 실험실적응 및 운동적응 기간을 거친 후 운동기간별 혈압의 변화를 관찰하였다. 통계분석은 SPSS 10.0을 사용하였다. 실험결과 집단 간 혈압의 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 실험집단간, 집단내 기간별 상호작용은 유의하게 나타났다(p<.05). 결론적으로 주지적인 신체활동은 SHR의 혈압을 감소시키는 효과가 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 1994

To assess the role of adrenal medulla and renin-angiotensin system in the regulation of sympathetic neurotransmission, the pressor response to PNS was evaluated in pithed SHR and normotensive WKY or SDR with or without adrenal demedullation and/or enalapril pretreatment. Three weeks after adrenal demedullation, MAP and the heart rate of demedullated rats were similar to their corresponding sham-operated groups. The pressor response to PNS was frequency-dependent, and blocked by prazosin. In contrast to the normotensive rats, in SHR, the pressor response to PNS was attenuated in demedullated rats as compared with sham-operated rats. However, the attenuation of PNS-induced pressor responses in demedullated SHR was not observed in enalapril-treated SHR. The adrenal demedullation in SHR did not affect the plasma and aortic catecholamine contents in spite of the decreased catecholamine contents of adrenal gland, nor ACE activity in aortic strips. But, in WKY rats, the aortic catecholamines, especially epinephrine, contents as well as ACE activity were increased by adrenal demedullation. These results suggest that the facilitatory role of adrenal medulla in sympathetic neurotransmission depends upon the activation of renin-angiotensin system, and that the compensatory regulation of renin-angiotensin system takes place in normotensive rats but not in SHR.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.24-33
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• 2002

Objectives: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) corrected elevated blood pressure (BP) in some studies of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) but not in others. Such inconsistent results in previous studies might be due to differences in factors influencing the effects of CPAP on BP. The factors referred to include BP monitoring techniques, the characteristics of subjects, and method of CPAP application. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of one night CPAP application on BP and heart rate (HR) reactivity using non-invasive beat-to-beat BP measurement in normotensive and hypertensive subjects with OSAS. Methods: Finger arterial BP and oxygen saturation monitoring with nocturnal polysomnography were performed on 10 OSAS patients (mean age $52.2{\pm}12.4\;years$; 9 males, 1 female; respiratory disturbance index (RDI)>5) for one baseline night and another CPAP night. Beat-to-beat measurement of BP and HR was done with finger arterial BP monitor ($Finapres^{(R)}$) and mean arterial oxygen saturation ($SaO_2$) was also measured at 2-second intervals for both nights. We compared the mean values of cardiovascular and respiratory variables between baseline and CPAP nights using Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Delta ($\Delta$) BP, defined as the subtracted value of CPAP night BP from baseline night BP, was correlated with age, body mass index (BMI), baseline night values of BP, BP variability, HR, HR variability, mean $SaO_2$ and respiratory disturbance index (RDI), and CPAP night values of TWT% (total wake time%) and CPAP pressure, using Spearman's correlation. Results: 1) Although increase of mean $SaO_2$ (p<.01) and decrease of RDI (p<.01) were observed on the CPAP night, there were no significant differences in other variables between two nights. 2) However, delta BP tended to increase or decease depending on BP values of the baseline night and age. Delta systolic BP and baseline systolic BP showed a significant positive correlation (p<.01), but delta diastolic BP and baseline diastolic BP did not show a significant correlation except for a positive correlation in wake stage (p<.01). Delta diastolic BP and age showed a significant negative correlation (p<.05) during all stages except for REM stage, but delta systolic BP and age did not. 3) Delta systolic and diastolic BPs did not significantly correlate with other factors, such as BMI, baseline night values of BP variability, HR, HR variability, mean SaO2 and RDI, and CPAP night values of TWT% and CPAP pressure, except for a positive correlation of delta diastolic pressure and TWT% of CPAP night (p<.01). Conclusions: We observed that systolic BP and diastolic BP tended to decrease, increase or remain still in accordance with the systolic BP level of baseline night and aging. We suggest that BP reactivity by CPAP be dealt with as a complex phenomenon rather than a simple undifferentiated BP decrease.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1175-1184
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of 12-weeks finswimming exercise on electroencephalogram(EEG), SBP, DBP, and RHR in male adolescents. Eighteen male adolescents participated in this study. They were separated into a Control group(CG; n=9) and Finswimming training group(FG; n=9). FG participated in Finswimming training for 12weeks, 60 minutes per day, 3 times a week. All data of electroencephalogram were analyzed by repeated measures two-way ANOVA and Data of SBP, DBP and RHR were analyzed by ANCOVA and Paired t-test. As a result, Alpha and SMR waves were significantly increased in FG; however, Alpha wave was significantly decreased in CG and Theta wave was significantly decreased in FG. There were significant interaction in Alpha, Theta, and SMR waves. SBP, DBP, and RHR were significantly decreased in FG and there were significant differences of RHR and SBP between groups; otherwise, there were no significant differences of DBP between groups. The results of this study showed that 12 weeks of Finswimming training positively effects on electroencephalogram(EEG), SBP, DBP, and RHR in male adolescents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.700-705
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• 2003

Oriental pear was used as treatment of asthma, control of blood pressure tonic medicine vasoactio, diabetes in oriental medicine. In this study, it was investigated that pear pectin effects on cardiovascular system as blood pressure and renin and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in plasma, cardiac hypertrophy. The experiments were performed on Sprague-Dawley rats, 2K1C hypertension model was prepared by constricting the left renal artery with a sliver clip. Animals were then divided into four groups, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg and the control, pear pectin and apple pectin solutions were supplied with them. The blood pressure was more decreased in pear pectin 10 mg/kg than in apple pectin. The plasma ANP was decreased in pear pectin 10 mg/kg, and renin was increased in same concentration of drug. Cardiac hypertrophy had a tendency to decrease in pear pectin 15 mg/kg, but was not statistically significant compared to control group.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.8-13
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• 1999

키틴/키토산은 지질흡수의 억제, 혈중 콜레스테롤의 저하, 항고혈압활성, 면역활성, 항종양/항암활성 등 다양한 생체기능성을 나타내어 건강지향적인 기능성 식품으로서의 이용가치가 매우 큰것으로 평가되고 있다. 키토산은 성인남자의 혈중 콜레스테롤을 감소시키고 HDL cholesterol은 증가시켜 동맥경화지수를 낮추며 비만환자에게 투여시 체중, 중성지질, LDL cholesterol을 유의하게 낮춤으로서 고지혈증과 비만증의 개선에 유용한 것으로 평가된다. 키토산은 또한 성인의 고염식에 의한 혈압상승을 억제하며 3량체 내외의 키틴/키토산 올리고당은 혈압상승의 중요인자인 angiotensin converting enzyme과 직접 반응하여 활성을 현저히 저하시키고 SHR에서의 혈압을 유의하게 억제하는 특성을 보여 고혈압의 억제 및 치료에도 응용가치가 클 것으로 생각된다. 키틴/키토산 및 그 올리고당은 sarcoma 180, Meth-A solid tumor의 성장을 저해하고 L1210와 같은 negative charge를 갖는 malignant cell을 흡착시키는 등 항종양/항암활성을 보이는데 이는 tumoricidal immunocite의 활성화에 의한 것으로 추정되고 있다. 키틴/키토산의 생체활성은 분자크기, 탈아세틸화도, 유도체의 종류 및 적용방법 등에 따라 차이를 보이기 때문에 키틴/키토산을 기능성 식품으로서 폭넓게 이용하게 위해서는 용도에 맞는 적절한 규격 설정이 요구되고 있다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.228-241
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• 2018

Purpose: The health risk of women increases after menopause. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a public health center-based nutrition education program for hypertension in women older than 50 years of age. Methods: The program included 8-week nutrition education and 8-week follow-up with keeping a health diary and nutrition counseling. The program was evaluated three times: before and after the nutrition education, and after the follow-up. The subjects were classified into hypertensives (n = 44) or normotensives (n = 71). Results: The rate of taking antihypertensive drugs in the hypertensive group was 86.4%. The systolic blood pressure decreased in the hypertensive and normotensive groups after nutrition education (p < 0.05). The body weight (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (p < 0.001), and percent body fat (p < 0.01) were also decreased after nutrition education in both groups. The hypertensive group showed an increase in HDL-cholesterol level (p < 0.001) and decreases in triglycerides (p < 0.01) and LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.05) levels after completion of the program. The normotensive group also displayed significant changes in HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001) and triglycerides (p < 0.01). The dietary habits and nutrition knowledge on sodium and hypertension were improved in both groups (p < 0.001). The total score of dietary behavior related to the sodium intake was improved in the normotensive group (p < 0.001). The total score of the high sodium dish frequency questionnaire decreased in both groups after nutrition education and completion of the program compared to that before the program. Decreases in the consumption frequencies of noodles, pot stews and stews, Kimchi, and beverages were significant. The total self-efficacy score was increased in both groups by the program (p < 0.001). In particular, the hypertensive group showed improvement in all items. Conclusion: This public health center-based nutrition education program may contribute to the prevention and management of hypertension and chronic diseases in women over 50 years of age.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.171-178
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• 2018

The study was done to analyze the effects of aroma inhalation method on preoperative anxiety of upper and lower surgical patients. The research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects were a total 60 patients of each group 30 patients that were operated on under general anesthesia for upper and lower limbs surgery. The tool of the Amsterdam preoperative anxiety information scale(APAIS), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate levels was measured the day before surgery. The data were analyzed by the $x^2$ test Fisher's exact test, paird t-test, and the independent t-test using SPSS 20.0. Study result indicated that Lavender aroma therapy had the effect on reduction of anxiety before surgery and reduction of blood pressure, and pulse rate levels. Therefore, the study result could be used as a scientifical data that can be applied to the nursing interventions that use the aroma inhalation method and contributing to development of the holistic nursing care.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 1979

뇌하수체(腦下垂體) 전체(全體) 또는 뇌하수체후엽(腦下垂體後葉)만을 제거(除去)한 쥐에 있어서 방혈(放血)이 혈압(血壓)에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 뇌하수체(腦下垂體) 또는 뇌하수체후엽(腦下垂體後葉)을 제거(除去)한 쥐에서 경동맥(頸動脈)을 통하여 체중(體重) kg 당(當) 10ml의 피를 뽑은 다음 physiograph 와 수은주(水銀柱)를 이용한 kymograph를 사용하여 혈압(血壓)을 측정하였던바 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 정상 쥐의 혈압(血壓) 및 hematocrit 값은 수컷이 $162{\pm}4mmHg$, $45{\pm}0.7%$이었고 암컷은 $157{\pm}5mmHg$, $34{\pm}0.6%$이었다(p>0.05). 2. 뇌하수체(腦下垂體)를 제거한 쥐의 혈압(血壓)은 $117{\pm}8mmHg$로서 정상($159{\pm}9mmHg$) 및 뇌하수체후엽(腦下垂體後葉)을 제거한 쥐의 혈압(血壓)($149{\pm}10mmHg$)보다 낮았다(p<0.001). 3. 뇌하수체(腦下垂體) 또는 뇌하수체후엽(腦下垂體後葉)을 제거한 쥐와 정상적(正常的)인 쥐에 있어서 방혈후(放血後)(10ml/kg BW) 혈압(血壓)은 50%이상 감소하였다(p<0.001).

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1989

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the role of serotonergic neurotransmission in nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) for the central regulation of blood pressure and heart rate and its involvement in baroreceptor reflex activation in rats. A microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) into the NTS produced decreases in blood pressure and heart rate. Maximal decreases were $34.4{\pm}1.6$ mmHg and $41.7{\pm}10.2$ beats per min by 300 pmol of 5-HT. Microinjections of ${\alpha}-methylnor-adrenaline$ $({\alpha}-MNE)$ and clonidine manifested similar decreases in blood pressure and heart rate. The hypotensive and bradycardial effects of 5-HT were blocked by previous applications of 5-HT antagonists, ritanserin, methysergide and ketanserin into the NTS, respectively. By pretreatment with reserpine and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, i.c.v.), both hypotensive and bradycardial effects of 5-HT were significantly attenuated. Pretreatment with 5, 7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT, i.c.v.) enhanced the hypotensive and bradycardial effects of 5-HT. Similarly, following pretreatment with 6-OHDA, the effects of clonidine were increased. Pretreatment either with 5,7-DHT or 6-OHDA significantly attenuated the sensitivity of baroreflex produced either by phenylephrine or by sodium nitroprusside. When either 5,7-DHT or 6-OHDA was injected into the NTS $(5,7-DHT;\;8{\mu}g\;6-OHDA;\;10{\mu}g)$, both of the baroreflex sensitivities were impaired. In the immunohistochemical study, the injection of 6-OHDA into the the NTS led to reduction of axon terminal varicosity, however, the injection did not reduce the numbers of catecholaminergic cell bodies. Likewise, when 5,7-DHT was injected into the NTS, the varicosity of serotonergic axon terminals was markedly reduced. Based on these results, it is suggested that (1) stimulation of serotonergic receptors in the NTS leads to decreases in blood pressure and heart rate as observed with the stimulation of catecholaminergic system, (2) both serotonergic and catecholaminergic receptors may be located postsynaptically, and (3) the serotonergic neurons as well as catecholaminergic neurons may have a close relevance for the activation of baroreflex.