• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2001

In this study, a mechanistic model of cutting force components in up and down end milling process is presented. Using this cutting force model of 4-tooth endmills with various helix angles, cutting force variation of inconel 718 has been predicted. Predicted values of cutting force components are coincide well with the measured ones. As helix angle increases, overlapping effects of the active cutting edges increase. In up endmilling the magnitudes of radial and feed cutting force componts FX and FY are lowest when the helix angle is $40\{\circ}$, but in down endmilling the magnitudes of these values increase slightly as helix angle becomes large.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.508-513
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• 2015

In this study, the effect of the helix angle and rake angle of a flat end-mill in the milling of titanium alloy was investigated. Tool shape parameters such as helix angle and rake angle affect the cutting force, cutting zone temperature, vibration, and chip flow mechanism, which in turn determine tool life, surface integrity, and dimensional accuracy of the milling process. To investigate the effect of the helix and rake angles, a certain range of parameters was selected, and three-dimensional tool models were generated for finite element analysis (FEA) for each case. The cutting force and pressure on the tool flank face and rake face were investigated by FEA. Further, several tool models were proposed for machining tests. The cutting force characteristics were investigated by the machining tests.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.143-152
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• 1997

The deflection of an end mill is very important in machining process and cutting simulation because it affects directly workpiece accuracy, cutting force, and chattering. In this study, the deflection of the end mill was studied both experimentally and by using finite element analysis. And the moment of inertia of cross sections of the helical end mill is calculated for the determination of the relation between geometry of radial cross section and rigidity of the tools. Using the Bernoulli-Euler beam theory and the concept of equivalent diameter, a deflection model is established, which includes most influences from tool geomety parameters. It was found that helix angle attenuates the rigidity of the end mill by the finite element analysis. As a result, the equivalent diameter is determined by tooth number, inscribed diameter ratio, cross sectional geometry and helix angle. Because the relation betweem equivalent diameter and each factor is nonlinear, neural network is used to decide the equivalent diameter. Input patterns and desired outputs for the neural network are obtained by FEM analysis in several case of end milling operations.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.92-99
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• 2021

An automatic transmission, which consists of several decks of planetary gear sets, provides multiple speed and torque ratios by actuating brakes and clutches (mechanical friction components) for connecting central members of the planetary gear sets. The gear set consists of the sun gear, the ring gear, and the carrier supporting multiple planet gears with pin shafts. In designing a new automatic transmission, there are many steps to design and analyze: gears, brakes and clutches, shafts, and other mechanical components. Among them, selecting thrust bearings that not only allow the relative rotation of the central members and other mechanical components but also support axial forces coming from them is important; doing so yields superior driving performance and better fuel efficiency. In selecting thrust bearings, the magnitude of axial forces on them is a critical factor that affects their bearing size and performance; its results are systematically related to the direction of the helical angle of each planetary gear set (a geometric design profile). This research presents the effects of the helical angle direction on the axial forces acting on thrust bearings in an automatic transmission consisting of planetary gear sets. A model transmission was built by analyzing kinematics and power flows and by designing planetary gear sets. The results of the axial forces on thrust bearings were analyzed for all combinations of helix angle directions of the planetary gear sets.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.249-258
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 새로운 구조의 헬리컬 안테나를 UHF 대역 RFID 리더용 안테나로 제안하였다. 제안된 헬리컬 안테나는 안테나의 선로가 다각 구조의 외부단에서 내부단으로 감겨 들어가는 형태를 가져 복사 이득과 복사 패턴의 조절이 용이하고, 감긴 선로의 수평 회전각과 수직 회전각을 조절하여 양질의 원형 편파를 복사할 수 있다. 세부적인 안테나 설계 변수는 Pareto 유전자 알고리즘을 사용하여 RFID 리더 특성에 적합하도록 최적화 시켰다. 최적화된 RFID 리더 안테나들 중 2단 구조의 표본 안테나를 선별하여 유연한 유전체인 종이 위에 스트립 선로로 제작하였으며, 제작된 안테나의 측정간을 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교, 분석하였다. 제작된 안테나는 kr=3.2의 크기를 가지며 21.4 %의 반사 손실 대역폭, 31.9 %의 원형 편파 대역폭, 약 $5.5m^2$의 인식 영역 특성을 보였다. 안테나 선로의 전류 분포와 선로 구조의 민감도를 조사한 결과, 급전 부위 근처에서 선로가 $0.25{\lambda}$ 정합기로 동작하게 되어 광대역의 정합 특성을 가지며, 꺾이는 스트립 선로 구조는 최적의 진행파를 형성하여 양질의 원형 편파를 발생시키는 것을 확인하였다.